箱

箱 U+7BB1, 箱 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7BB1 ← 箰 [U+7BB0] CJK Unified Ideographs 箲 → [U+7BB2]

Translingual

Han character

箱 (Kangxi radical 118, 竹+9, 15 strokes, cangjie input 竹木月山 (HDBU), four-corner 8896₃, composition ⿱𥫗相)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 890, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26209
• Dae Jaweon: page 1318, character 2
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2989, character 7
• Unihan data for U+7BB1

Chinese

trad.		箱
simp. #		箱

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 箱
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

	Old Chinese
相	*slaŋ, *slaŋs
廂	*slaŋ
湘	*slaŋ
緗	*slaŋ
箱	*slaŋ
葙	*slaŋ
想	*slaŋʔ
霜	*sraŋ
孀	*sraŋ
鸘	*sraŋ
驦	*sraŋ

Characters in the same phonetic series (相) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *slaŋ): semantic 𥫗 (“bamboo”) + phonetic 相 (OC *slaŋ, *slaŋs) – a bamboo box.

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	箱
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	陽 (105)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	息良切
Baxter	sjang
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/sɨɐŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/siɐŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/siɑŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/sɨaŋ/
Li Rong	/siaŋ/
Wang Li	/sĭaŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/si̯aŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiāng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	soeng1

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	箱
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xiāng
Middle Chinese	‹ sjang ›
Old Chinese	/*C.[s]aŋ/
English	box (of a carriage)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	箱
Reading #	1/1
No.	13583
Phonetic component	相
Rime group	陽
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	襄
Old Chinese	/*slaŋ/

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): xiāng (xiang¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄤ

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): щён (xi͡on, I)

• Cantonese (Jyutping): soeng¹
• Gan (Wiktionary): xiong¹
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): siông

  (Hailu, HRS): siong^ˋ

  (Meixian, Guangdong): xiong¹

• Jin (Wiktionary): xion¹
• Northern Min (KCR): sió̤ng
• Eastern Min (BUC): suŏng
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sieo¹ / siuⁿ¹ / syong¹ / syeng¹
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): siuⁿ / sioⁿ / siauⁿ / siong / siang

  (Teochew, Peng'im): siên¹ / sion¹

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ¹shian
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): sian¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xiāng
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄤ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: siang
    • Wade–Giles: hsiang¹
    • Yale: syāng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shiang
    • Palladius: сян (sjan)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɑŋ⁵⁵/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: щён (xi͡on, I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɑŋ²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: soeng¹
    • Yale: sēung
    • Cantonese Pinyin: soeng¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sêng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sœːŋ⁵⁵/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: xiong¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕiɔŋ⁴²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: siông
    • Hakka Romanization System: xiong^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: xiong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /si̯oŋ²⁴/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: siong^ˋ
    • Sinological IPA: /sioŋ⁵³/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: xiong¹
    • Sinological IPA: /siɔŋ⁴⁴/
• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: xion¹
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /ɕiɒ̃¹¹/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: sió̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /siɔŋ⁵⁴/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: suŏng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /suoŋ⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: sieo¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sa̤uⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬieu⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: siuⁿ¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬĩũ⁵³³/
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: syong¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sio̤ng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬyɒŋ⁵³³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: syeng¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬyøŋ⁵³³/

Note:

• sieo1/siuⁿ1 - vernacular;
• syong1/syeng1 - literary.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siuⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: siunn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sviw
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siũ³³/
    • IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen): /siũ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sioⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: sionn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: svioy
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siɔ̃⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siauⁿ
    • Tâi-lô: siaunn
    • Phofsit Daibuun: sviaw
    • IPA (Penang): /siãu³³/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siong
    • Tâi-lô: siong
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siofng
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /siɔŋ³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /siɔŋ⁴⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: siang
    • Tâi-lô: siang
    • Phofsit Daibuun: siafng
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /siaŋ⁴⁴/
Note:
• siuⁿ/sioⁿ - vernacular;
• siong/siang - literary.
• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: siên¹ / sion¹
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: sieⁿ / sioⁿ
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sĩẽ³³/, /sĩõ³³/
Note:
• siên1 - Chaozhou;
• sion1 - Shantou.
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ¹shian
    • MiniDict: shian^平
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ¹xian
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɕiã⁵³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: sian¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /si̯æn³³/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /ɕi̯æn³³/

---

• Middle Chinese: sjang

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.[s]aŋ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*slaŋ/

Definitions

箱

1. (large) box; chest; trunk

   拎住一大箱嘢 [Cantonese, trad. and simp.]

   ling¹ zyu⁶ jat¹ daai⁶ soeng¹ je⁵ [Jyutping]

   carrying a great box of things

2. box-shaped thing
3. Classifier for boxes or chests.
4. Alternative form of 廂 / 厢 (xiāng, “side room”)

Synonyms

• (box):

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		箱子
Northeastern Mandarin	Beijing	箱子
	Taiwan	箱子
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	箱子
Central Plains Mandarin	Xi'an	箱子
Southwestern Mandarin	Chengdu	箱子
	Wuhan	箱子
	Guilin	箱子
Jianghuai Mandarin	Yangzhou	箱子
	Hefei	箱子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	箱, 喼 handheld, 籠
	Hong Kong	箱, 喼 handheld, 籠 dated
	Hong Kong (San Tin; Weitou)	箱, 槓
	Hong Kong (Ting Kok)	箱
	Hong Kong (Tung Ping Chau)	箱仔
	Yangjiang	箱, 喼 handheld, 籠
	Qinzhou (Xiniujiao)	箱
	Beihai	箱
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cô Tô)	箱
	Beihai (Qiaogang - Cát Bà)	箱
	Fangchenggang (Fangcheng)	箱
	Ho Chi Minh City (Guangfu)	箱
	Móng Cái	箱, 匣
Gan	Nanchang	箱子
Hakka	Meixian	箱仔
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	箱仔
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	箱仔
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	箱仔
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	箱
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	箱仔, 箱
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	箱
	Hong Kong	箱
Jin	Taiyuan	箱子
Northern Min	Jian'ou	箱
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	箱箱, 箱
Southern Min	Xiamen	箱仔, 箱
	Chaozhou	箱
	Bangkok (Teochew)	箱
	Chiang Mai (Teochew)	箱
	Hat Yai (Teochew)	箱
Wu	Shanghai	箱子
	Suzhou	箱子
	Ningbo	箱子
	Wenzhou	箱
Xiang	Changsha	箱子, 籠子
	Xiangxiang	箱子
	Shuangfeng	箱子, 箱, 籠子

Dialectal synonyms of 箱子 (“box”) [map]

See also

• 匣 (xiá), 盒 (hé): (small) box

Compounds

• 乾燥箱 / 干燥箱
• 保溫箱 / 保温箱
• 信箱 (xìnxiāng)
• 保險箱 / 保险箱 (bǎoxiǎnxiāng)
• 傾箱倒篋 / 倾箱倒箧
• 冰箱 (bīngxiāng)
• 化妝箱 / 化妆箱
• 千倉萬箱 / 千仓万箱
• 印相箱
• 喝攛箱 / 喝撺箱
• 垃圾箱 (lājīxiāng)
• 墊箱錢 / 垫箱钱
• 壓箱底 / 压箱底
• 奉獻箱 / 奉献箱
• 封箱
• 封箱戲 / 封箱戏
• 巢箱
• 巾箱本
• 意見箱 / 意见箱 (yìjiànxiāng)
• 戲箱 / 戏箱 (xìxiāng)
• 手提箱 (shǒutíxiāng)
• 打棍出箱
• 拋箱 / 抛箱
• 攛箱 / 撺箱
• 暗箱 (ànxiāng)
• 書箱 / 书箱 (shūxiāng)
• 枕箱
• 枕頭箱 / 枕头箱
• 水族箱
• 水箱 (shuǐxiāng)
• 沉箱 (chénxiāng)
• 油箱 (yóuxiāng)
• 添箱
• 潘朵拉箱
• 火箱
• 烤箱 (kǎoxiāng)
• 烘箱 (hōngxiāng)
• 燒箱庫 / 烧箱库
• 百寶箱 / 百宝箱 (bǎibǎoxiāng)
• 百葉箱 / 百叶箱 (bǎiyèxiāng)
• 皮箱 (píxiāng)
• 票箱 (piàoxiāng)
• 萬箱 / 万箱
• 箱仔
• 箱子 (xiāngzi)
• 箱底
• 箱底功夫
• 箱底錢 / 箱底钱
• 箱房
• 箱根 (Xiānggēn)
• 箱涵
• 箱篋 / 箱箧
• 箱簾 / 箱帘
• 箱籠 / 箱笼 (xiānglǒng)
• 箱網養殖 / 箱网养殖
• 箱錢 / 箱钱
• 籠貫箱張 / 笼贯箱张
• 紙箱 / 纸箱 (zhǐxiāng)
• 翻箱倒櫃 / 翻箱倒柜 (fānxiāngdǎoguì)
• 翻箱倒篋 / 翻箱倒箧
• 翻箱倒籠 / 翻箱倒笼
• 藥箱 / 药箱 (yàoxiāng)
• 蜂箱 (fēngxiāng)
• 行李箱 (xínglǐxiāng)
• 衣箱 (yīxiāng)
• 裝箱 / 装箱 (zhuāngxiāng)
• 語音信箱 / 语音信箱 (yǔyīn xìnxiāng)
• 跳箱 (tiàoxiāng)
• 巡邏箱 / 巡逻箱
• 郵政信箱 / 邮政信箱 (yóuzhèng xìnxiāng)
• 郵箱 / 邮箱 (yóuxiāng)
• 集裝箱 / 集装箱 (jízhuāngxiāng)
• 電冰箱 / 电冰箱 (diànbīngxiāng)
• 電子信箱 / 电子信箱 (diànzǐ xìnxiāng)
• 電子郵箱 / 电子邮箱 (diànzǐ yóuxiāng)
• 電烤箱 / 电烤箱 (diànkǎoxiāng)
• 風箱 / 风箱 (fēngxiāng)
• 黑箱作業 / 黑箱作业 (hēixiāng zuòyè)

References

• “箱”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 箱

箱

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

1. box

Readings

• Go-on: そう (sō)^{←さう (sau, historical)}
• Kan-on: しょう (shō)^{←しやう (syau, historical)}
• Kun: はこ (hako, 箱, Jōyō)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
箱
はこ Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Alternative spellings
函 筥 匣 筐 篋

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

箱

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Box

Wikipedia

/pako/ → /fako/ → /hako/

From Old Japanese pako. First attested in the Nihon Shoki of 720 CE.^[1] In turn, from Proto-Japonic *pako.

This term originally referred to a kind of wicker basket or box introduced from continental Asia, and the word is thought to be a borrowing from, or cognate with, a predecessor form of modern Korean 바구니 (baguni, “basket”).^[2][3] Compare Middle Korean 바고니〮 (pàkwòní).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) はこ [hàkó] (Heiban – [0])^[4][5][6]
• IPA^(key): [ha̠ko̞]

Noun

箱(はこ) • (hako) 

1. [from 720] a box: a container with a lid

   父(ちち)が柿(かき)の一(ひと)箱(はこ)を送(おく)ってくれた。

   Chichi ga kaki no hitohako o okutte kureta.

   My father sent me a box of persimmons.

2. [from 1120] (archaic) a chamber pot for feces; (by extension) feces
3. [from 1771] (archaic) a shamisen case; (by extension) a shamisen; (by extension) a man or other geisha who accompanies a geisha and carries their shamisen case
4. (slang) small ライブハウス (raibu hausu, “music venue”)
5. (Internet slang) Xbox

   箱(はこ)コン ― hakokon ― Xbox controller

   箱(はこ)信者(しんじゃ) ― hako shinja ― Xbox fanboy/fangirl

Synonyms

• ボックス (bokkusu)

Derived terms

• 豚(ぶた)箱(ばこ) (butabako): police cell
• ごみ箱(ばこ) (gomibako) rubbish bin
• 弁(べん)当(とう)箱(ばこ) (bentōbako): lunchbox
• 重(じゅう)箱(ばこ) (jūbako): tiered boxes for holding and presenting food
• 重(じゅう)箱(ばこ)読(よ)み (jūbakoyomi): reading pattern for kanji-compound words, using the Chinese-derived on'yomi for the first portion, and the native Japanese kun'yomi for the second portion
• 跳(と)び箱(ばこ) (tobibako): vaulting horse
• ドル箱(ばこ) (dorubako): cash cow

Descendants

• → Amis: hako
• → Sakizaya: haku

References

1. “箱・筥・函・篋・匣”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
2. “箱”, in 日本大百科全書：ニッポニカ (Nippon Dai Hyakka Zensho: Nipponica, “Encyclopedia Nipponica”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 1984
3. “箱”, in 改訂新版 世界大百科事典 (Kaitei Shinpan Sekai Dai-hyakka Jiten, “Heibonsha World Encyclopedia Revised Edition”)‎ (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Heibonsha, 2007, →ISBN
4. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
5. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
6. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 箱 (MC sjang). Recorded as Middle Korean 샤ᇰ (syang) (Yale: syang) in Hunmong Jahoe (訓蒙字會 / 훈몽자회), 1527.

Hanja

Korean Wikisource has texts containing the hanja:

箱

Wikisource 箱 (eumhun 상자 상 (sangja sang))

1. hanja form^? of 상 (“box”)

Compounds

• 상자 (箱子, sangja)
• 서상 (書箱, seosang)

References

• 국제퇴계학회 대구경북지부 (國際退溪學會 大邱慶北支部) (2007). Digital Hanja Dictionary, 전자사전／電子字典.

Okinawan

Kanji

See also:

Category:Okinawan terms spelled with 箱

箱

(Third grade kyōiku kanji)

Readings

• Kun: はく (haku, 箱)

Etymology

Kanji in this term
箱
はく Grade: 3
kun'yomi

Attested in the Liúqiú guăn yìyŭ (琉球館譯語), 1469-1470, as 法个 (fako).^[1]

In turn, from Proto-Ryukyuan *pako, from Proto-Japonic *pako.

Cognate with Japanese 箱 (hako).

Pronunciation

• (Shuri) は​く [háꜜkù] (Kakō – [1])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [haku]

Noun

箱(はく) (haku) 

1. box

Suffix

箱(はく) (-haku) 

1. used to count boxes

   一箱(ちゅはく)、二箱(たはく)

   chuhaku, tahaku

   one box, two boxes

References

1. Lin, Chihkai (2015 August) A Reconstruction of Old Okinawan: A Corpus-Based Approach‎, University of Hawaii at Manoa
2. Kokuritsu Kokugo Kenkyūjo (国立国語研究所) (1963) 沖縄語辞典 (Okinawa-go Jiten) [Dictionary of the Okinawan Language] (in Japanese), Tokyo (東京): Okurashō Insatsu Kyoku (財務省印刷局)

Vietnamese

Han character

箱: Hán Nôm readings: sương, tương, rương

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