敖

敖 U+6556, 敖 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6556 ← 敕 [U+6555] CJK Unified Ideographs 敗 → [U+6557]

敖 U+FA90, 敖 CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA90 ← 摒 [U+FA8F] CJK Compatibility Ideographs 晴 → [U+FA91]

Translingual

Han character

敖 (Kangxi radical 66, 攴+7, 11 strokes, cangjie input 土尸人大 (GSOK) or 手尸人大 (QSOK), four-corner 4824₀, composition ⿰⿱士方攵(HTV) or ⿰⿱土方攵(JK) or ⿰𫠤攵(G))

1. leisurely
2. a surname

Derived characters

• 獓 𫍵 傲 厫 骜 𠞪 𠢕 𪧜 㜜 㟼 㠂 㾲 嗷 嗸 嫯 嶅 廒 慠 滶 獒 隞 𡏼 𢕟 𢳆 𪵧 㥿 摮 熬 璈 遨 𢧴 𣊁 𣘢 𤘒 𪉑 𫆰 磝 𥂢 𥨆 𬑞 聱 蔜 螯 𦪈 𧑃 謷 謸 贅 (赘) 鳌 𨄨 𨅚 𨎞 䦋 鏊 𨫼 䫨 𩕀 𩘮 𩪕 𫗺 𫘀 䮯 驁 𩮯 𩱏 䵅 鰲 鷔 𪍮 鼇 𪙠

Synonyms

• 奢

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 471, character 14
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 13226
• Dae Jaweon: page 824, character 1
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 1456, character 13
• Unihan data for U+6556

• Unihan data for U+FA90

Chinese

trad.		敖
simp. #		敖
alternative forms		𫠤 𢾍 𢾕

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 敖
Western Zhou	Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)	Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions	Small seal script	Transcribed ancient scripts

	Old Chinese
熬	*ŋaːw, *qaːw
敖	*ŋaːw
嗷	*ŋaːw
螯	*ŋaːw
聱	*ŋaːw, *ŋraːw, *ŋrɯw
驁	*ŋaːw, *ŋaːws
鰲	*ŋaːw
遨	*ŋaːw
獒	*ŋaːw
滶	*ŋaːw
蔜	*ŋaːw
鷔	*ŋaːw, *ŋaːws
鼇	*ŋaːw
謷	*ŋaːw, *ŋaːws, *ŋraːw
嶅	*ŋaːw
嗸	*ŋaːw
摮	*ŋaːw
嫯	*ŋaːw, *ŋaːws
鏊	*ŋaːw, *ŋaːws
傲	*ŋaːws
磝	*ŋraːw

Characters in the same phonetic series (敖) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Originally 𫠤, a pictogram (象形) depicting a person 人 with a headress similar to 屮 and then 丰 and 出 (but unrelated to these character). Later, the person was stylized as a shape similar to 夭 (a young man walking vigorously); 攴 was added next to the pictogram perhaps to convey the concept of authority, making it a phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声) and transforming it into 𢾍; the man under the headress then become stylized as 方 (or 万 in some fonts). See also 免, 冒, and 美.

As an alternative, according to 季旭昇 Ji Xusheng, it represents a man walking and travelling in the countryside, symbolized by a sprout 屮 on top. See also the original form of 每.

Shuowen Jiezi erroneously interprets it as an ideogrammic compound (會意 / 会意): 出 (“leave”) + 放 (“release”) due to the later stylization.

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character	敖
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	豪 (89)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	五勞切
Baxter	ngaw
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋɑu/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋɑu/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋɑu/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋaw/
Li Rong	/ŋɑu/
Wang Li	/ŋɑu/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ŋɑu/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	áo
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ngou4

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	敖	敖
Reading #	1/2	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	áo	áo
Middle Chinese	‹ ngaw ›	‹ ngaw ›
Old Chinese	/*[ŋ]ˁaw/	/*ŋˁaw/
English	tall	saunter about
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	敖
Reading #	1/1
No.	39
Phonetic component	敖
Rime group	宵
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	敖
Old Chinese	/*ŋaːw/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): áo (ao²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄠˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngou⁴
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): ngàu

  (Hailu, HRS): ngau

• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gor²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gô / ngô͘

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: áo
    • Zhuyin: ㄠˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: áo
    • Wade–Giles: ao²
    • Yale: áu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aur
    • Palladius: ао (ao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɑʊ̯³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ngou⁴
    • Yale: ngòuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngou⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngou⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋou̯²¹/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngàu
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngau^ˇ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngau²
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋau̯¹¹/
  • (Hailu, incl. Zhudong)
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngau
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋau⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gor²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gó̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɒ¹³/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gor²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɒ²⁴/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gô / ngô͘
    • Tâi-lô: gô / ngôo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: gooi, ngoo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɡo²⁴/, /ŋɔ̃²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡo²⁴/, /ŋɔ̃²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡo¹³/, /ŋɔ̃¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɡo²⁴/, /ŋɔ̃²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɤ²³/, /ŋɔ̃²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: ngaw

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[ŋ]ˤaw/, /*ŋˤaw/

  (Zhengzhang): /*ŋaːw/

Definitions

敖

1. (literary) Original form of 遨 (áo, “to ramble; to play about”).
2. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to tease; to joke; to flirt with
3. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) to make an uproar
4. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) someone who has not assumed the throne, and thus has no posthumous name, due to dying early [Chu]
5. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) four-chi-high dog
6. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Original form of 廒 (áo, “granary”).
7. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 螯 (áo, “pincer; nipper; claw”)
8. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 熬 (“to cook on slow fire; to boil”)
9. (historical) An ancient place in the northwest of today Xingyang, Henan.
10. a surname

Compounds

• 孫叔敖 / 孙叔敖
• 打敖
• 敖不可長 / 敖不可长
• 敖包 (áobāo)
• 敖得薩 / 敖得萨
• 敖敖
• 敖曹
• 敖東 / 敖东 (Áodōng)
• 敖江 (Áojiāng)
• 敖盪 / 敖荡
• 敖遊 / 敖游
• 桀敖不馴 / 桀敖不驯
• 笑敖
• 若敖鬼餒 / 若敖鬼馁
• 謔浪笑敖 / 谑浪笑敖
• 讙敖 / 欢敖

Pronunciation 2

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): ào (ao⁴)

  (Zhuyin): ㄠˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): ngou⁶
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): gor⁵
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): gō / ngō͘

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: ào
    • Zhuyin: ㄠˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: ào
    • Wade–Giles: ao⁴
    • Yale: àu
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: aw
    • Palladius: ао (ao)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ˀɑʊ̯⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: ngou⁶
    • Yale: ngouh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ngou⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: ngou⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋou̯²²/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gor⁵
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gō̤
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɒ¹¹/
  • (Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: gor⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kɒ²¹/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gō / ngō͘
    • Tâi-lô: gō / ngōo
    • Phofsit Daibuun: goi, ngo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɡo²²/, /ŋɔ̃²²/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡo⁴¹/, /ŋɔ̃⁴¹/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡo²²/, /ŋɔ̃²²/
    • IPA (Taipei): /ɡo³³/, /ŋɔ̃³³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɤ³³/, /ŋɔ̃³³/

Definitions

敖

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Alternative form of 傲 (“haughty; arrogant; conceited”)

References

• “敖”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 敖

敖

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. play
2. be proud

Readings

From Middle Chinese 敖 (MC ngaw); compare Mandarin 敖 (áo):

• Go-on: ごう (gō)^{←がう (gau, historical)}
• Kan-on: ごう (gō)^{←がう (gau, historical)}

From Middle Chinese 敖 (MC ngawH); compare Mandarin 敖 (ào):

• Go-on: ごう (gō)^{←がう (gau, historical)}
• Kan-on: ごう (gō)^{←がう (gau, historical)}

From native Japanese roots:

• Kun: あそぶ (asobu, 敖ぶ)、おごる (ogoru, 敖る)

Compounds

• 敖(ごう)敖(ごう) (gōgō)
• 敖(ごう)惰(だ) (gōda)
• 敖(ごう)盪(とう) (gōtō)
• 敖(ごう)慢(まん) (gōman) (傲(ごう)慢(まん))
• 敖(ごう)民(みん) (gōmin)
• 敖(ごう)遊(ゆう) (gōyū) (遨(ごう)遊(ゆう))
• 敖(オー)漢(ハン)旗(き) (Ōhanki)
• 讙(かん)敖(ごう) (kangō)
• 嬉(き)敖(ごう) (kigō) (嬉(き)遨(ごう))
• 驕(きょう)敖(ごう) (kyōgō) (驕(きょう)傲(ごう), 驕(きょう)慠(ごう))
• 倨(きょ)敖(ごう) (kyogō) (倨(きょ)傲(ごう))
• 踞(きょ)敖(ごう), 倨(きょ)敖(ごう) (kyogō) (踞(きょ)傲(ごう))
• 嘯(しゅう)敖(ごう) (shūgō) (嘯(しゅう)嗷(ごう))
• 笑(しょう)敖(ごう) (shōgō) (笑(しょう)傲(ごう))
• 怠(たい)敖(ごう) (taigō) (怠(たい)傲(ごう), 怠(たい)慠(ごう))
• 遊(ゆう)敖(ごう) (yūgō)

Korean

Hanja

敖 (eum 오 (o))

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Vietnamese

Han character

敖: Hán Nôm readings: ngào

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