抱
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 抔
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| ||||||||
| Stroke order | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
| Japanese | 抱 |
|---|---|
| Simplified | 抱 |
| Traditional | 抱 |
Han character
抱 (Kangxi radical 64, 手+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 手心口山 (QPRU), four-corner 57012, composition ⿰扌包)
Derived characters
- 𢛺, 菢, 𥮼, 𩃧, 𪾑
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 423, character 8
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 11917
- Dae Jaweon: page 771, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 3, page 1856, character 4
- Unihan data for U+62B1
- Unihan data for U+2F8B5
Glyph origin
| Historical forms of the character 抱 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Warring States | Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) | Liushutong (compiled in Ming) |
| Qin slip script | Small seal script | Transcribed ancient scripts |
 |
 |
 |
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 袍 | *buː |
| 袌 | *buː, *buːs |
| 軳 | *buː |
| 抱 | *buːʔ |
| 勽 | *buːs, *mɯnʔ |
| 菢 | *buːs |
| 勹 | *pruː |
| 包 | *pruː |
| 胞 | *pruː, *pʰruː |
| 苞 | *pruː |
| 枹 | *pruː, *bu, *bu |
| 飽 | *pruːʔ |
| 泡 | *pʰruː, *m̥ʰruːs, *bruː |
| 炮 | *pʰruːs, *bruː |
| 皰 | *pʰruːs, *bruːs |
| 疱 | *pʰruːs, *bruːs |
| 跑 | *bruː, *bruːɡ |
| 咆 | *bruː |
| 庖 | *bruː |
| 匏 | *bruː |
| 刨 | *bruː |
| 狍 | *bruː |
| 炰 | *bruː |
| 鉋 | *bruː, *bruːs |
| 瓟 | *bruː, *bruːɡ |
| 颮 | *bruː, *pʰruːɡ |
| 鞄 | *bruː, *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *pʰruːɡ |
| 鮑 | *bruːʔ |
| 骲 | *bruːʔ, *bruːs, *bruːɡ, *pʰoːɡ |
| 玸 | *bu |
| 雹 | *bruːɡ |
| 窇 | *bruːɡ |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *buːʔ) : semantic 扌 + phonetic 包 (OC *pruː) – hold in one’s hands. Note that 包 has the meaning of “wrap”, hence connotations of “wrap in one’s hands, embrace”, thereby also making it an ideogrammic compound.
Etymology
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *bəw (“to carry (on back or shoulders)”). Cognate with 保 (OC *puːʔ, “to protect, rear”), Manipuri ꯄꯨ (poo, “to carry”), Mizo [Term?] (pu, “to carry (on the back / shoulders)”), Burmese ပိုး (pui:, “to carry on the back, add onto”) (STEDT).
Pronunciation
- Mandarin
- (Standard)
- (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): bao4
- Cantonese (Jyutping): pou5 / bou6 / paau1
- Hakka
- Eastern Min (BUC): bô̤
- Southern Min
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6bau
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄅㄠˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: bào
- Wade–Giles: pao4
- Yale: bàu
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: baw
- Palladius: бао (bao)
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɑʊ̯⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
- Sichuanese Pinyin: bao4
- Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: bao
- Sinological IPA (key): /pau²¹³/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: pou5 / bou6 / paau1
- Yale: póuh / bouh / pāau
- Cantonese Pinyin: pou5 / bou6 / paau1
- Guangdong Romanization: pou5 / bou6 / pao1
- Sinological IPA (key): /pʰou̯¹³/, /pou̯²²/, /pʰaːu̯⁵⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phau
- Hakka Romanization System: pau
- Hagfa Pinyim: pau4
- Sinological IPA: /pʰau̯⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: bô̤
- Sinological IPA (key): /pɔ²⁴²/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phǒ͘
- Tâi-lô: phǒo
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰɔ²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phǒ
- Tâi-lô: phǒ
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰo²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phǎu
- Tâi-lô: phǎu
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pʰau²²/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: phāu
- Tâi-lô: phāu
- Phofsit Daibuun: phau
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pʰau²²/
- IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung): /pʰau³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pǎu
- Tâi-lô: pǎu
- IPA (Quanzhou): /pau²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
- Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pāu
- Tâi-lô: pāu
- Phofsit Daibuun: pau
- IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pau²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
- phǒ͘/phō - literary;
- phǒ/phǎu/phāu/pǎu/pāu - vernacular;
- pō - unknown dialect.
Note:
- Middle Chinese: bawX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[m-p]ˤuʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*buːʔ/
Definitions
抱
- to heft in the arms; to carry
- to hug; to embrace
- to incubate
- Classifier for things held or encircled with both arms (books, hay, firewood, trees, etc.).
- a surname
Synonyms
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 擁, 摟 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 摟抱, 擁抱 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 摟 |
| Taiwan | 摟, 抱 | |
| Singapore | 擁抱, 抱 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 摟 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 摟 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 抱, 摟 |
| Wuhan | 箍, 摟 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 摟, 抱 |
| Hefei | 摟, 抱 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 攬 |
| Hong Kong | 攬 | |
| Taishan | 攬 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 攬 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 攬, 箍 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 揇 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 揇 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 揇 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 揇 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 揇 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 揇 | |
| Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an) | 攬 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 摟 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 抱 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 兜, 攬 |
| Matsu | 攬 | |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 攬 |
| Quanzhou | 攬 | |
| Zhangzhou | 攬 | |
| Taipei | 攬 | |
| Kaohsiung | 攬 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 攬 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 攬 | |
| Manila (Hokkien) | 攬 | |
| Chaozhou | 攬 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 搿 |
| Suzhou | 搿 | |
| Wenzhou | 搩 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 箍, 摟 |
| Shuangfeng | 傘, 箍 | |
Compounds
- 不抱幻想
- 偎抱 (wēibào)
- 初歸新抱落地孩兒／初归新抱落地孩儿
- 合抱 (hébào)
- 合抱之木，生於毫末／合抱之木，生于毫末
- 圍抱／围抱
- 平時不燒香，急來抱佛腳／平时不烧香，急来抱佛脚
- 平時不燒香，臨時抱佛腳／平时不烧香，临时抱佛脚 (píngshí bù shāoxiāng, línshí bào fójiǎo)
- 心抱
- 心抱仔
- 急來抱佛腳／急来抱佛脚
- 急時抱佛腳／急时抱佛脚
- 懷抱／怀抱 (huáibào)
- 懷抱兒／怀抱儿
- 打抱不平 (dǎbàobùpíng)
- 投懷送抱／投怀送抱 (tóuhuáisòngbào)
- 抱不平 (bào bùpíng)
- 抱佛腳／抱佛脚 (bào fójiǎo)
- 抱團兒／抱团儿
- 抱團兒思維／抱团儿思维
- 抱大腿 (bào dàtuǐ)
- 抱委屈 (bào wěiqū)
- 抱娃娃
- 抱定 (bàodìng)
- 抱屈 (bàoqū)
- 抱廈／抱厦 (bàoshà)
- 抱怨 (bàoyuàn)
- 抱怨 (bàoyuàn)
- 抱恙 (bàoyàng)
- 抱恨 (bàohèn)
- 抱恨終天／抱恨终天 (bàohènzhōngtiān)
- 抱愧 (bàokuì)
- 抱憾 (bàohàn)
- 抱成一團／抱成一团
- 抱打不平
- 抱抱 (bàobào)
- 抱抱團／抱抱团
- 抱抱裝／抱抱装
- 抱持 (bàochí)
- 抱拳 (bàoquán)
- 抱摔
- 抱有 (bàoyǒu)
- 抱有幻想
- 抱枕 (bàozhěn)
- 抱柱
- 抱歉 (bàoqiàn)
- 抱殘守缺／抱残守缺 (bàocánshǒuquē)
- 抱犢崮／抱犊崮
- 抱疚
- 抱病 (bàobìng)
- 抱病工作
- 抱窩／抱窝 (bàowō)
- 抱笙
- 抱粗腿 (bào cūtuǐ)
- 抱罪
- 抱腰
- 抱腳／抱脚
- 抱腳兒／抱脚儿
- 抱薪救火 (bàoxīn-jiùhuǒ)
- 抱蛋
- 抱負／抱负 (bàofù)
- 抱身兒／抱身儿 (bàoshēnr)
- 抱雞婆／抱鸡婆
- 抱頭／抱头 (bàotóu)
- 抱頭痛哭／抱头痛哭 (bàotóutòngkū)
- 抱頭鼠竄／抱头鼠窜 (bàotóu-shǔcuàn)
- 抱養／抱养 (bàoyǎng)
- 抱龍／抱龙 (Bàolóng)
- 拱抱
- 推襟送抱
- 摟抱／搂抱 (lǒubào)
- 撫抱／抚抱 (fǔbào)
- 擁抱／拥抱 (yōngbào)
- 攔腰抱住／拦腰抱住
- 新抱
- 水抱
- 琵琶別抱／琵琶别抱 (pípábiébào)
- 環抱／环抱 (huánbào)
- 萬分抱歉／万分抱歉
- 緊抱／紧抱
- 臨急抱佛腳／临急抱佛脚 (línjí bào fójiǎo)
- 臨時抱佛腳／临时抱佛脚 (línshí bào fójiǎo)
- 蜘蛛抱蛋
- 襟抱
- 防抱死系統／防抱死系统
References
- “Entry #3956”, in 教育部臺灣台語常用詞辭典 [Dictionary of Frequently-Used Taiwanese Taigi] (overall work in Mandarin and Hokkien), Ministry of Education, R.O.C., 2024.
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