寢
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: 寝
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More information Stroke order ...
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Han character
寢 (Kangxi radical 40, 宀+11, 14 strokes, cangjie input 十女一水 (JVME), four-corner 30247, composition ⿱宀⿰爿𠬶 or ⿱宀𭷆)
References
- Kangxi Dictionary: page 290, character 22
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 7289
- Dae Jaweon: page 575, character 2
- Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 2, page 951, character 1
- Unihan data for U+5BE2
Glyph origin
More information Old Chinese ...
| Old Chinese | |
|---|---|
| 鋟 | *ʔsem, *sʰem, *sʰimʔ |
| 綅 | *sem, *ʔsim, *sʰim |
| 祲 | *ʔsim, *ʔsims |
| 埐 | *ʔsim, *zim |
| 梫 | *ʔsim, *sʰimʔ, *sʰrim |
| 濅 | *ʔsimʔ, *ʔsims |
| 浸 | *ʔsims, *sʰim |
| 侵 | *sʰim |
| 駸 | *sʰim, *sʰrim |
| 寢 | *sʰimʔ |
| 寑 | *sʰimʔ |
| 薓 | *srim |
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Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *sʰimʔ) and ideogrammic compound (會意／会意) : semantic 宀 (“roof”) + semantic 爿 (“bed”) + phonetic 𠬶 (“broom and hand”).
Etymology 1
From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-(d)z(i/u)m (“sleep”) (STEDT). Cognate with Tibetan གཟིམ (gzim, “to sleep; to fall asleep”).
Pronunciation
More information Rime, Character ...
| Rime | |
|---|---|
| Character | 寢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Initial (聲) | 清 (14) |
| Final (韻) | 侵 (139) |
| Tone (調) | Rising (X) |
| Openness (開合) | Open |
| Division (等) | III |
| Fanqie | 七稔切 |
| Baxter | tshimX |
| Reconstructions | |
| Zhengzhang Shangfang |
/t͡sʰiɪmX/ |
| Pan Wuyun |
/t͡sʰimX/ |
| Shao Rongfen |
/t͡sʰjemX/ |
| Edwin Pulleyblank |
/t͡sʰimX/ |
| Li Rong |
/t͡sʰiəmX/ |
| Wang Li |
/t͡sʰĭĕmX/ |
| Bernard Karlgren |
/t͡sʰi̯əmX/ |
| Expected Mandarin Reflex |
qǐn |
| Expected Cantonese Reflex |
cam2 |
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More information Character, Reading # ...
| Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 寢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| Modern Beijing (Pinyin) |
qǐn |
| Middle Chinese |
‹ tshimX › |
| Old Chinese |
/*[tsʰ]imʔ/ |
| English | sleep |
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; | |
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More information Zhengzhang system (2003), Character ...
| Zhengzhang system (2003) | |
|---|---|
| Character | 寢 |
| Reading # | 1/1 |
| No. | 10488 |
| Phonetic component |
侵 |
| Rime group |
侵 |
| Rime subdivision |
2 |
| Corresponding MC rime |
寑 |
| Old Chinese |
/*sʰimʔ/ |
| Notes | 注：經典同寑 |
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- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Hanyu Pinyin: qǐn
- Zhuyin: ㄑㄧㄣˇ
- Tongyong Pinyin: cǐn
- Wade–Giles: chʻin3
- Yale: chǐn
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chiin
- Palladius: цинь (cinʹ)
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡ɕʰin²¹⁴/
- (Standard Chinese)+
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Jyutping: cam2
- Yale: chám
- Cantonese Pinyin: tsam2
- Guangdong Romanization: cem2
- Sinological IPA (key): /t͡sʰɐm³⁵/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
- Southern Min
- Wu
- Middle Chinese: tshimX
- Old Chinese
- (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]imʔ/
- (Zhengzhang): /*sʰimʔ/
Definitions
寢
- to sleep
- (literary) to lie down
- bedroom
- (literary) to stop; to halt
- (historical) imperial tomb; ancestral chamber
Synonyms
More information Variety, Location ...
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More information Variety, Location ...
| Variety | Location | Words |
|---|---|---|
| Classical Chinese | 寢, 臥 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 躺, 臥, 躺臥 | |
| Northeastern Mandarin | Beijing | 躺, 歪 |
| Taiwan | 躺 | |
| Singapore | 躺 | |
| Jilu Mandarin | Jinan | 躺 |
| Central Plains Mandarin | Xi'an | 睡, 躺 |
| Southwestern Mandarin | Chengdu | 躺, 睡 |
| Wuhan | 睡 | |
| Guilin | 躺 | |
| Jianghuai Mandarin | Yangzhou | 躺, 睡 |
| Hefei | 睡, 躺 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 瞓 |
| Hong Kong | 瞓 | |
| Taishan | 眠 | |
| Kaiping (Chikan) | 眠 | |
| Yangjiang | 睡 | |
| Singapore (Guangfu) | 瞓 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 睏 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 眠, 抗 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 睡 | |
| Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian) | 眠 | |
| Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu) | 睡 | |
| Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu) | 睡 | |
| Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping) | 睡 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 躺, 睡 |
| Northern Min | Jian'ou | 倒 |
| Eastern Min | Fuzhou | 倒 |
| Southern Min | Xiamen | 倒 |
| Quanzhou | 倒 | |
| Zhangzhou | 倒 | |
| Penang (Hokkien) | 倒 | |
| Singapore (Hokkien) | 倒 | |
| Chaozhou | 倒 | |
| Shantou | 夗 | |
| Jieyang | 夗 | |
| Wu | Suzhou | 睏 |
| Wenzhou | 翻, 倒 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 睏 |
| Shuangfeng | 睏 | |
Close
Compounds
- 內寢／内寝
- 共寢／共寝 (gòngqǐn)
- 問寢／问寝
- 園寢／园寝
- 壽終內寢／寿终内寝
- 壽終正寢／寿终正寝 (shòuzhōngzhèngqǐn)
- 安寢／安寝 (ānqǐn)
- 寢不安席／寝不安席
- 寢不能寐／寝不能寐
- 寢不遑安／寝不遑安
- 寢丘之志／寝丘之志
- 寢兵／寝兵
- 寢具／寝具 (qǐnjù)
- 寢室／寝室 (qǐnshì)
- 寢宮／寝宫 (qǐngōng)
- 寢廟／寝庙
- 寢息／寝息 (qǐnxī)
- 寢殿／寝殿
- 寢疾／寝疾
- 寢皮食肉／寝皮食肉
- 寢苫枕塊／寝苫枕块
- 寢苫枕草／寝苫枕草
- 寢薦／寝荐
- 寢處／寝处
- 寢衣／寝衣
- 寢車／寝车 (qǐnchē)
- 寢門／寝门
- 寢陋／寝陋
- 寢食／寝食 (qǐnshí)
- 寢食不安／寝食不安 (qǐnshíbù'ān)
- 寢食俱廢／寝食俱废
- 寢食難安／寝食难安 (qǐnshínán'ān)
- 小寢／小寝
- 就寢／就寝 (jiùqǐn)
- 廢寢忘食／废寝忘食 (fèiqǐnwàngshí)
- 廢寢忘餐／废寝忘餐
- 廢寢輟食／废寝辍食
- 廢食忘寢／废食忘寝
- 忘寢廢食／忘寝废食
- 忘餐失寢／忘餐失寝
- 忘餐廢寢／忘餐废寝
- 憨寢／憨寝
- 按甲寢兵／按甲寝兵
- 晏寢／晏寝
- 晝寢／昼寝 (zhòuqǐn)
- 枕戈寢甲／枕戈寝甲
- 桂宮柏寢／桂宫柏寝
- 正寢／正寝
- 歸寢／归寝
- 疾終正寢／疾终正寝
- 篠寢／筱寝
- 美食甘寢／美食甘寝
- 臨寢／临寝
- 色衰愛寢／色衰爱寝
- 薦寢席／荐寝席
- 貌寢／貌寝
- 陵寢／陵寝 (língqǐn)
- 雞鳴問寢／鸡鸣问寝
- 靈寢／灵寝 (língqǐn)
- 食肉寢皮／食肉寝皮 (shíròuqǐnpí)
- 高枕安寢／高枕安寝
Etymology 2
Compare 這馬／这马 (chit-má, chím-má, chím-á).[1]
Pronunciation
Definitions
寢
- (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) to approach; to draw near; to imminently occur
- 寢年／寝年 [Hokkien] ― chhím nî [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― to approach the end of the year
- 寢水墘／寝水墘 [Hokkien] ― chhím chúi-kîⁿ [Pe̍h-ōe-jī] ― approaching the edge of the water
- (Xiamen, Quanzhou and Taiwanese Hokkien) just; just now; a moment ago
Synonyms
More information Variety, Location ...
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Compounds
References
- Barclay, Thomas (1923) “*chím (cf. chhím)”, in Supplement to Dictionary of the Amoy Colloquial Language (overall work in Hokkien and English), Shanghai: The Commercial Press, Limited, page 24
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