Timeline of Cambridge, Massachusetts
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is a timeline of the history of the city of Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.
17th century
- 1630 - English settlers arrive. Site selected by John Winthrop the Younger.[1]
- 1632 - First Parish meeting house built.
- 1636 - The "New College" founded.
- 1636 - Newe Towne was established as a town in the Massachusetts Bay Colony on September 8.
- 1638
- Newe Towne renamed "Cambridge."[1]
- John Harvard, a Puritan minister, bequeaths his library and half his monetary estate to the college.
- 1639
- New College renamed Harvard College for benefactor John Harvard.
- First printing press in Cambridge.[1]
- 1640 - Bay Psalm Book printed.[2]
- 1642 - Harvard holds its first commencement.
- 1662 - Great Bridge built.
- 1663 - Algonquin-language Mamusse Wunneetupanatamwe Up-Biblum God published.[3]
- 1682 - Cooper-Frost-Austin House built (date approximate).
- 1685 - Hooper-Lee-Nichols House built.
- 1688 - Cambridge Village, later renamed Newton, separated from Cambridge.[4]
18th century
- 1713 - Town of Lexington separated from Cambridge.[1]
- 1720 - Harvard's Massachusetts Hall built.
- 1727 - William Brattle House built.
- 1759
- Christ Church congregation founded.
- Vassall House built.[1]
- 1760 - Apthorp House built.[1]
- 1767 - Elmwood (residence) built.
- 1775
- April 18: William Dawes traverses the town en route to sounding warnings on eve of Battles of Lexington and Concord.[5]
- April 19: Skirmishes between retreating British troops and American patriots at Watson's Corner and elsewhere in North Cambridge.[6]
- May 12: The New-England Chronicle in publication.[7]
- July 3: George Washington takes command of American army.[8]
- 1780 - May 19: New England's Dark Day.
- 1782 - Harvard Medical School founded.[9]
- 1793 - West Boston Bridge built.[10]
- 1796 - Fresh Pond Hotel built.[11]
Massachusetts Medical College, Mason Street
Massachusetts Medical College, Grove Street
Harvard Medical School quadrangle in Longwood Medical Area.
19th century
1800s–1840s
- 1800 - Printer William Hilliard in business.[12]
- 1805 - Harvard Botanic Garden founded.[13]
- 1807
- Cambridge and Concord Turnpike opens.
- Little Cambridge separates from Cambridge and is renamed Brighton.[14]
- West Cambridge, later renamed Arlington, separated from Cambridge.[15]
- 1809
- Craigie's Bridge opens.
- Birth of Oliver Wendell Holmes Sr., physician, poet and polymath.[1]
- 1810 - Amicable Fire Society founded.[16]
- 1814 - Cambridge Humane Society[17] and Female Humane Society founded.[18]
- 1815 - Harvard's University Hall built.
- 1816 - Middlesex County Courthouse (Massachusetts) built.
- 1817 - Harvard Law School founded.
- 1818 - New England Glass Company established.
- 1824 - East Cambridge Charitable Society formed.[17]
- 1826 - Frederic Tudor and Nathaniel Wyeth begin harvesting ice at Fresh Pond.[19]
- 1827 - First Evangelical Congregational church[20] and Second Baptist Church[21] established.
- 1830 - Population: 6,072.[22]
- 1831
- Mount Auburn Cemetery founded.[23]
- Cambridge Market Hotel (later Porter's Hotel) built.[24]
- 1832 - Cambridge Fire Department and Cambridge Book Club[16] established.
- 1833
- Hunt & Co's Circulating Library in business.[25]
- First Parish meeting house built, corner Church St. and Mass. Ave.
- 1835 - West Cambridge Social Library active.[25]
- 1837
- August 31: Emerson gives "American Scholar" speech.[26]
- East Cambridge Anti-Slavery Society formed.[18]
- Henry Wadsworth Longfellow moves to Craigie House.[8]
- 1839
- Hopkins Classical School established.
- Harvard College Observatory founded.
- 1840
- 1841 - Cambridge Lyceum organized.
- 1846
- Cambridge Chronicle begins publication.
- Stickney-Shepard House built.
- Lexington and West Cambridge Railroad begins operating.[28]
- Alvan Clark & Sons telescope maker in business.
- City chartered.[1]
- James D. Green becomes mayor.[29]
- Population: 12,500.[30]
- 1847 - Great Refractor telescope installed.[31]
- 1848 - Franklin Library Association founded.[25]
- 1849 - Cambridge Athenaeum incorporated.[32]
1850s–1890s
- 1850 - Howard Benevolent Society organized.[17]
- 1852
- Cambridge Water Works Corporation chartered.[29]
- Riverside Press established.
- 1854 - Cambridge Cemetery consecrated.[20]
- 1856 - Population: 20,473.[30]
- 1857
- Cambridge Circulating Library in business.[25]
- Walden Street Cattle Pass built.
- 1858 - Harvard Glee Club founded.[33]
- 1859 - Museum of Comparative Zoology founded.
- 1860 - Cambridge Horticultural Society organized.[17]
- 1861 - Veterans' Services established.[34]
- 1862 - Sanitary Society active (approximate date).[18]
- 1865 - Old Cambridge Mutual Relief Society organized.[17]
- 1866
- Peabody Museum of Archaeology and Ethnology and New Church Theological School[1] founded.
- Cambridge Press newspaper begins publication.[27][35]
- 1867 - Episcopal Theological School founded.[1]
- 1868 - Cambridge Mechanics Literary Association organized.[17]
- 1869
- Old Cambridge Baptist Church built on Harvard Street.
- North Cambridge Choral Society organized.[17]
- 1870 - Soldiers' Monument dedicated on Cambridge Common[36]
- 1871
- 1872 - Cambridge Choral Society formed.[17]
- 1873
- The Harvard Crimson newspaper begins publication.[37]
- Basket Club formed.[18]
- 1875
- Church of the Ascension organized.[20]
- Kennedy Steam Bakery built.
- Population: 47,838.[30]
- 1876 - Harvard Lampoon begins publication.
- 1877 - Harvard's Memorial Hall built.
- 1878
- The Cambridge Tribune newspaper begins publication.[27]
- Harvard's Sever Hall built.
- 1879 - Cambridge Public Library established.[32]
- 1880 - Population: 52,669.[1]
- 1881 - Cambridge Club active.[18]
- 1882
- Society for the Collegiate Instruction of Women incorporated.[1]
- Harvard Cooperative founded.
- 1883
- 1884 - Odd Fellows Hall built.
- 1886 - Cambridge Hospital, Cambridge English High School (Broadway & Fayette St.),[40] Cambridge Latin School (Lee St.),[40] and Cambridge School for Girls established.
- 1887 - Cambridgeport Cycle Club organized.[38]
- 1889
- City Hall, Brattle Hall, and William James' house[41] built.
- Buckingham School founded.[39]
- Cambridge Plant Club established.[40][42]
- 1890 - Population: 70,028.[1]
- 1891 - Harvard Bridge built.
- 1892 - Old Cambridge Photographic Club formed.[18]
- 1893 - Road built around Fresh Pond.[11]
- 1894
- Radcliffe College chartered.
- Cambridge Walking Club founded.[18]
- 1895
- Lechmere Canal built.
- Keezer's clothier in business.[43]
- W. E. B. Du Bois earns PhD from Harvard University.[44]
- 1896 - Cambridge Political Equality Association established.[45]
- 1897 - Cambridge Skating Club founded.[46]
- 1900 - Population: 91,886.[1]
20th century
1900s–1940s
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- 1901 - Swedenborg Chapel built.[41]
- 1903
- Cambridge Sentinel newspaper begins publication.[27]
- Busch–Reisinger Museum opens.
- 1904 - Harvard's Phillips Brooks House Association established.
- 1905 - Cambridge Historical Society founded.[47][48]
- 1906 - Longfellow Bridge opens.[1]
- 1908
- Andover Theological Seminary relocates to city.[1]
- Harvard's Business School established.
- 1909 - Lesley School founded.[49]
- 1910
- Harvard Extension School founded.
- Harvard Square Business Association founded.[50]
- Population: 104,839.[1]
- 1911 - Cambridge Housing Association formed.[51]
- 1912 - The Kendall/MIT, Central, and Harvard MBTA stations open.
- 1913
- Harvard University Press and Harvard Legal Aid Bureau established.
- Cohen harness maker in business.[52]
- 1914 - Cambridge Planning Board established.[53]
- 1915
- Anderson Memorial Bridge and Harvard's Widener Library built.
- Cooperative Open Air School founded.
- 1916
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology moves to Cambridge[54]
- Tasty Sandwich Shop in business, a diner restaurant in Cambridge, open from 1916 to 1997 at 6 John F. Kennedy Street. Behind the counter is chef Don Valcovic,[55]
- 1917
- Wursthaus restaurant in business.[55]
- Arthur D. Little Inc., Building constructed.
- 1923 - Washington Elm dies on Cambridge Common.
- 1924 - The Church of St. Paul (Harvard Square) built.
- 1926 - Harvard Square Theater opens.[56]
- 1927
- John W. Weeks Bridge built.
- Necco factory opens on Massachusetts Avenue.
- Grolier Poetry Bookshop and Mac-Gray Corp.[57] in business.
- 1928 - Boston University Bridge built.
- 1929 - Cambridge Community Center founded.[58]
- 1930
- First Church of Christ, Scientist built.
- Longy School of Music moves to Cambridge.
- Russian bells installed in Harvard's Lowell House.
- 1932
- Harvard Book Store and MIT's Technology Press and School of Architecture established.
- Harvard's Memorial Church built.
- 1936 - Harvard's Graduate School of Public Administration and Graduate School of Design established.
- 1938
- Hayes-Bickford Cafeteria in business (approximate date).[55]
- Harvard's Nieman Foundation for Journalism established.
- 1940
- National Research Corporation in business.[59]
- Cambridge citizens vote to adopt proportional representation for elections of its city council and school committee, with first use in 1941.[60]
- 1941
- Magazine of Cambridge begins publication.[61]
- Harvard's Houghton Library built.
- 1942 - John B. Atkinson becomes city manager.
- 1945 - Cambridge Civic Unity Committee established.[62]
- 1945 - Irving House established.[63]
- 1946 - WMIT begins broadcasting.
- 1947
- September 9: Computer bug found at the Harvard Computation Lab.
- Demise of the Harvard Botanic Garden.[13]
- Edgerton, Germeshausen, and Grier in business.[64]
1950s–1970s
- 1950
- Cardullo's Gourmet Shop in business.[55]
- Joseph DeGuglielmo becomes mayor.
- 1951
- 1952
- John J. Curry becomes city manager.
- MIT School of Industrial Management and MIT Center for International Studies[65] established.
- 1953
- Brattle Theatre begins screening movies.
- Harvard Model United Nations conference begins.
- 1954 - Wang Laboratories, Cheapo Records,[66] and Hong Kong restaurant[67] in business.
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- 1955
- Out of Town News, Casablanca bar,[55] Elsie's eatery[68] and Ferranti-Dege camera store[69] in business.
- Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory relocated to Cambridge.
- 1957
- Cambridge Buddhist Association established.[70]
- Pangloss Bookstore in business.[71]
- 1958
- Club 47 (music venue) opens.[72]
- Joyce Chen restaurant[73] and Chez Jean restaurant[55] in business.
- Lisp (programming language) invented at MIT.[74]
- Smoot measurement established.
- 1959
- Café Pamplona in business.
- Harvard/MIT Center for Urban Studies and MIT Artificial Intelligence Laboratory[74] established.
- 1960
- 1961
- Julia Child moves to Cambridge.[77]
- October 14: Fire destroys the original WGBH television and radio studios, at MIT.
- 1962
- Temple Beth Shalom founded.[78]
- Fresh Pond Shopping Center built.[11]
- Cambridge Electron Accelerator in operation.[79]
- Harvard's Carpenter Center for the Visual Arts built.
- Cambridge Seven Associates in business.
- Cambridge Sports Union founded.[80]
- 1963 - Cambridge Historical Commission established.[81]
- 1964 - NASA Electronics Research Center established.[82]
- 1965 - Head of the Charles Regatta established.
- 1966 - Cambridge School Volunteers founded.
- 1967
- Joseph DeGuglielmo becomes city manager.
- Cambridge Forum,[83] MIT's Center for Advanced Visual Studies established.
- 1968
- 1969
- Murder of Jane Britton[85]
- Student antiwar protest.[86]
- Union of Concerned Scientists,[87] and Harvard's Institute for African and African-American Research founded.
- Passim[72] and Plough and Stars in business.
- 1970
- The Middle East restaurant opens.
- Rent control[88] and Massachusetts Department of Transportation Volpe Center[82] established.
- Alfred Vellucci becomes mayor.
- 1971
- Cambridge and Somerville Legal Services established.[89]
- Grendel's Den pub in business.
- Revels performance series begins.
- 1972
- 1973
- Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics established.
- Draper Laboratory active.
- T.T. the Bear's Place and Hacker's Haven car repair shop[citation needed] in business.
- 1974
- Cambridge Food Co-op,[93] city Arts Council,[94] city Community Development Department,[53][95] and Buckingham Browne & Nichols school established.
- James Sullivan becomes city manager.
- Cambridge Naturals in business.[96]
- 1975 - Coffee Connection in business.
- 1977
- 1978
- National Bureau of Economic Research active.[87]
- Formaggio Kitchen in business.[99]
- 1979 - Harvard's Film Archive opens.
1980s–1990s
- 1980
- American Repertory Theater and MIT's PiKa housing cooperative[100] established.
- MIT Museum active.
- 1981
- American Academy of Arts and Sciences moves to Cambridge.[101]
- Cambridge College active.[102]
- Robert W. Healy becomes city manager.[103]
- Cambridge Center complex construction begins.[82]
- 1982
- Whitehead Institute for Biomedical Research founded.
- Biogen,[104] Toscanini's, and Upstairs at the Pudding restaurant in business.[55]
- Sister city relationships established with Coimbra, Portugal, and Gaeta, Italy.[105]
- 1983
- Harvard Square Homeless Shelter and Albert Einstein Institution established.
- Monitor Group and Cambridge Energy Research Associates headquartered in Cambridge.
- Sister city relationships established with Tsukuba Science City, Ibaraki, Japan; and Dublin, Ireland.[105]
- Pegasystems Inc. and Forrester Research in business.
- Premiere of Marsha Norman's play Night, Mother.
- 1984
- MIT Media Lab,[106] Institute for Resource and Security Studies,[107] and city Police Review & Advisory Board[108] established.
- Sister city relationship established with Ischia, Italy.[105]
- Porter MBTA Red Line station opens.
- Conflict Management Group headquartered in city.
- Thinking Machines Corporation and Charles Hotel in business.
- 1985
- Alewife (MBTA station) opens.
- Harvard's Arthur M. Sackler Museum built.
- Dante Alighieri Society building inaugurated.[109]
- Memorial Drive partially pedestrianized along Riverbend Park.
- 1986
- Garment District (clothing retailer) in business.
- Thinking Machines' Connection Machine invented.[74]
- MIT flea market begins.[110]
- 1987
- Sister city relationships established with Yerevan, Armenia;[111] San José Las Flores, Chalatenango, El Salvador; and Catania, Italy.[105]
- Cambridge becomes a Peace Messenger City.[112]
- Catch a Rising Star in business.
- Joseph P. Kennedy II becomes U.S. representative for Massachusetts's 8th congressional district.
- 1988 - Cambridge Community Television[113] and Cambridge Eviction Free Zone established.
- 1989
- 1990
- CambridgeSide Galleria built.
- Sapient Corporation in business.
- 1991
- City Bicycle Committee[108] and Ig Nobel Prize established.
- MÄK Technologies in business.
- 1992
- Boston Dynamics (robotics firm)[114] and Dewey, Cheetham & Howe[115] in business.
- Kenneth Reeves becomes mayor.
- Sister city relationship established with Florence, Italy.[105]
- 1993
- City master plan published.[116]
- MIT's The Tech newspaper web edition begins publication.
- Timothy J. Toomey, Jr. becomes state representative for 29th Middlesex district.[117]
- 1994
- 1995
- 1996
- Cambridge Health Alliance and On The Rise nonprofit established.[121]
- City Dance Party begins.[122][123]
- Sheila Russell becomes mayor.
- 1997
- City website online.[124]
- Cambridge Civic Journal begins publication.[125]
- Sister city relationship established with Galway, Ireland.[105]
- French-American International School active.[citation needed]
- 1998
- Akamai Technologies in business.
- MIT's Center for Reflective Community Practice active.[126]
- Francis Duehay becomes mayor.
- Harvard's Berkman Center for Internet & Society founded.
- 1999
- Cambridge Innovation Center in business.
- Mike Capuano becomes U.S. representative for Massachusetts's 8th congressional district.[127]
_Photo_by_David_Adam_Kess.jpg)
21st century
- 2000
- Zipcar in business.
- Anthony Galluccio becomes mayor.
- MIT's Kismet (robot) introduced.[74]
- 2001
- New water treatment plant at Fresh Pond opens.[128]
- 2002 - Michael A. Sullivan becomes mayor.[129]
- 2003
- Novartis research division headquartered in city.[130]
- Longwood Players (theatre group) active.[131][132]
- MIT's Poverty Action Lab and Harvard's Ash Institute for Democratic Governance and Innovation[65] founded.
- Sister city relationship established with Santo Domingo Oeste, Dominican Republic.[105]
_Photo_by_David_Adam_Kess.jpg)
- 2004
- Broad Institute, Community Charter School of Cambridge,[133] and ActBlue (nonprofit)[134] established.
- MIT's Stata Center built.
- Sister city relationship established with Southwark, London, England.[105]
- February 4: Facebook launched at Harvard College.[135]
- 2005
- Sister city relationships established with Cienfuegos, Cuba;[111] Yuseong, Daejeon, Korea; and Haidian, Beijing, China.[105]
- Cambridge Day begins publication.
- Patricia D. Jehlen becomes state senator for 2nd Middlesex district.[136][137]
- 2006
- Green Decade Cambridge incorporated.[138]
- Kenneth Reeves becomes mayor again.
- Harvard's Rappaport Institute for Greater Boston established.
- HubSpot in business.
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- 2007
- Microsoft New England Research & Development Center opens.[139]
- Cambridge Science Festival begins.[106]
- MIT's Center for Future Civic Media established.
- Unitarian Universalist Service Committee headquartered in Cambridge.
- Anthony Petruccelli becomes state senator for 1st Suffolk and Middlesex district.[140]
- 2008
- Alliance of Cambridge Tenants,[141] and Google Inc. branch established.
- ImprovBoston moves to Cambridge.
- Harvard Square Library incorporated.[83]
- E. Denise Simmons becomes mayor.
- ROFLCon meme convention begins.
- Central Square Theater built.[142]
- Jon Hecht elected state representative for 29th Middlesex district.
- 2009
- July: Henry Louis Gates arrest controversy
- West Cambridge Youth and Community Center opens.[143]
- Kendall Square Association established.[82]
- Cambridge Open Studios active.
- Trader Joe's grocery in business at Fresh Pond.[144]
- 2010
- David Maher becomes mayor.
- Population: 105,162;[145] metro 4,552,402.[146]
- Sal DiDomenico becomes state senator for Middlesex, Suffolk and Essex district.[147]
- 2011
- January 6: Aaron Swartz arrested.
- Area Four restaurant, Veggie Galaxy restaurant[148][149] and Danger!awesome in business.
- 2012
- MIT/Harvard edX launched.
- Henrietta Davis becomes mayor.
- Hack/reduce nonprofit founded.
- Sinclair[150] and Amazon office[151] in business.
- 2013
- Richard Rossi becomes city manager.
- Cambridge Open Data Ordinance drafted.[152]
- Cambridge Happenings in publication.[153]
- April 18–19: MIT officer killed; manhunt for Boston Marathon bombing suspects takes place.[154]
- November: Municipal election.
- December: Katherine Clark becomes U.S. representative for Massachusetts's 5th congressional district.[155]
- Marjorie Decker becomes state representative for 25th Middlesex district, Dave Rogers becomes state representative for 24th Middlesex district,[156] and Jay Livingstone becomes state representative for 8th Suffolk district.
- 2014
- 2015
- January 2015 North American blizzard.
- September 6: Lawrence Lessig presidential campaign, 2016 headquartered in city.
- December 3: Fire.[159]
See also
- Cambridge, Massachusetts history section
- List of mayors of Cambridge, Massachusetts
- National Register of Historic Places listings in Cambridge, Massachusetts
- List of National Historic Landmarks in Massachusetts, Cambridge section
- History of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- History of Harvard University
- Timelines of other municipalities in Middlesex County, Massachusetts: Lowell, Somerville, Waltham
References
Bibliography
External links
Images
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