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List of Cyrillic letters
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This is a list of letters of the Cyrillic script. The definition of a Cyrillic letter for this list is a character encoded in the Unicode standard that a has script property of 'Cyrillic' and the general category of 'Letter'. An overview of the distribution of Cyrillic letters in Unicode is given in Cyrillic script in Unicode.
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Letters contained in the Russian alphabet
Letters contained in the Russian alphabet.
| Аа | Бб | Вв | Гг | Дд | Ее | Ëë | Жж | Зз | Ии |
| Йй | Кк | Лл | Мм | Нн | Оо | Пп | Рр | Сс | Тт |
| Уу | Фф | Хх | Цц | Чч | Шш | Щщ | Ъъ | Ыы | Ьь |
| Ээ | Юю | Яя |
Other letters
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Extensions
| Ә ә | Schwa | Kazakh |
| ⷠ | Superscript Be | |
| Ԝ ԝ | We | Kurdish, Yaghnobi language, Tundra Yukaghir language |
| ᲀ | Rounded Ve | Variant of normal ve |
| Ԁ ԁ | Komi De | Komi (1919—1940) |
| ᲁ | Long-Legged De | Variant of normal de |
| Ђ ђ | Dje | Montenegrin, Serbian |
| Ԃ ԃ | Komi Dje | Komi (1919—1940) |
| Ꚁ ꚁ | Dwe | Abkhaz (1909—1926, replaced by Дә)[1] |
| Є є | Ukrainian Ye | Ukrainian, Khanty |
| Ԑ ԑ | Reversed Ze | Enets, Khanty[2] |
| Ѕ ѕ | Dze | Macedonian |
| Ꙅ ꙅ | Reversed Dze | Old Church Slavonic,[3] Ukrainian, Russian, Romanian as variant of Ѕ |
| Ꚅꚅ | Zhwe | Abkhaz (formerly) |
| Ꚅ̆ꚅ̆ | Zhwe with breve | Abkhaz (formerly) |
| Ꙃ ꙃ | Dzelo | Early Cyrillic alphabet (as variant of, and replaced by Ѕ)[3] |
| Ӡ ӡ | Abkhazian Dze | Abkhaz, Uilta |
| Ꚃ ꚃ | Dzwe | Abkhaz (1909—1926, replaced by Ӡә)[1] |
| Ꙁ ꙁ | Zemlya | Early Cyrillic alphabet (as variant of, and replaced by З)[3] |
| Ԅ ԅ | Komi Zje | Komi (1919—1940) |
| Ԇ ԇ | Komi Dzje | Komi (1919—1940) |
| І і | Dotted I | Belarusian, Ukrainian, Russian, Kazakh, Khakas, Komi, Rusyn |
| Ꙇ ꙇ | Iota | Glagolitic (Cyrillic transcription)[3] |
| Ј ј | Je | Serbian, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Kildin Sami, Azerbaijani (to 1991), Udmurt (to 1897), Orok |
| Ꙉ ꙉ | Djerv | Church Slavonic (Replaced by Ћ and Ђ)[3] |
| Ԉ ԉ | Komi Lje | Komi (1919—1940) |
| Ԛ ԛ | Qa | Old Abkhaz, Kurdish[1] |
| ᴫ | Small capital El | Uralic Phonetic Alphabet[4] |
| ᵸ | Superscript En | Bezhta, Hunzib, Godoberi |
| Ԋ ԋ | Komi Nje | Komi (1919—1940) |
| Ө ө | Barred O (Oe) | Bashkir, Buryat, Kalmyk, Kazakh, Khanty, Kyrgyz, Tatar, Tuvan, Mongolian, Yakut, Azerbaijani (to 1991) |
| Ꚛ ꚛ | Crossed O | Old Church Slavonic[5] |
| Ꙩ ꙩ | Monocular O | Early Cyrillic (14th - 15th centuries)[1] |
| Ꙫ ꙫ | Binocular O | Early Cyrillic (Exotic)[1] |
| ꙮ | Multiocular O | Early Cyrillic (Ex: серафими многоꙮчитїи).[1] Appearance changed in Unicode 15.0.[6] |
| Ѻ ѻ | Broad On | Early Cyrillic (Variant of regular O) |
| Ҁ ҁ | Koppa | Old Church Slavonic, numerical usage only (Replaced by Ч) |
| Ԍ ԍ | Komi Sje | Komi (1919—1940) |
| Ԏ ԏ | Komi Tje | Komi (1919—1940) |
| | Tje | Khanty[7] |
| Ꚍ ꚍ | Twe | Abkhaz (replaced by Тә)[1] |
| Ћ ћ | Tshe | Serbian |
| Ү ү | Straight U (Ue) | Kazakh, Mongolian, Karakalpak, Tatar, Bashkir, Kyrgyz, Dungan |
| Һ һ | Ha/He "Shha" | Kazakh, Bashkir, Siberian Tatar, Sakha, Kalmyk |
| Ꚕ ꚕ | Hwe | Abkhaz (replaced by Ҳә)[1] |
| Ѡ ѡ | Omega | Early Cyrillic |
| Ꙍ ꙍ | Broad Omega | Slavic languages (Historic)[3] |
| Ꙡ ꙡ | Reversed Tse | Old Novgorodian birchbark |
| Ꚏ ꚏ | Tswe | Abkhaz (replaced by Цә)[1] |
| Ҽ ҽ | Abkhazian Che | Abkhaz |
| Џ џ | Dzhe | Serbian, Macedonian, Montenegrin, Abkhazian, Romanian Cyrillic |
| Ꚗ ꚗ | Shwe | Abkhaz (replaced by Шә)[1] |
| Ꙏ ꙏ | Neutral Yer | Late Medieval Russian transcription (when yers are indistinguishable from each other) |
| Ѣ ѣ | Yat | Early Cyrillic, Proto-Slavic, Russian (until 1918), Bulgarian (until 1945), Ukrainian (until 1945), Rusyn (until 1945, recurring in 1991) |
| Ҩ ҩ | Abkhazian Ha | Abkhaz |
| Ꙕ ꙕ | Reversed Yu | Early East Slavic, Early Bulgarian[3] |
| Ӏ ӏ | Palochka | Abaza, Adyghe, Avar, Chechen, Dargwa, Ingush, Kabardian, Lak, Lezgian, Tabassaran |
| Ѧ ѧ | Little Yus | Common Slavonic nasal vowel, Early Cyrillic |
| Ꙙ ꙙ | Closed Little Yus | Common Slavonic nasal vowel, Early Cyrillic,[3] Middle Bulgarian[3] as variant of little yus |
| Ѫ ѫ | Big Yus | Common Slavonic nasal vowel, Early Cyrillic |
| Ꙛ ꙛ | Blended Yus | Middle Bulgarian[3] |
| Ѯ ѯ | Ksi | Early Cyrillic, Church Slavonic, Romanized: Ks or X |
| Ѱ ѱ | Psi | Early Cyrillic |
| Ѳ ѳ | Fita | Early Cyrillic, cf. Greek: Θ θ |
| Ѵ ѵ | Izhitsa | Udmurt (to 1897), Abkhaz (to 1926), Russian (until 1918 in a few rare Greek words), Serbian (until the 19th century), Church Slavonic |
| Ꙟ ꙟ | Yn | Romanian (Cyrillic)[3] |
| Оу оу | Uk | Early Cyrillic alphabet |
Letters with diacritics
Ligatures
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Alphabetical order
Summarize
Perspective
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Variants of Cyrillic are used by the writing systems of many languages, especially languages used in the countries with the significant presence of Slavic peoples. The tables below list the Cyrillic letters in use in various modern languages and show the primary sounds they represent in them (see the articles on the specific languages for more detail). Letter forms with a combined diacritic which are not considered separate letters in any language (notably vowels with accent marks which are sometimes used in some languages to indicate stress and/or tone) are excluded from the tables, with the exception of ѐ and ѝ[a]. The highlighted letters are those of the basic (original) Cyrillic alphabet; archaic letters no longer in use in any language today are not listed.
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Summary table
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See also
Notes
- ^a ѐ and ѝ – considered variants of е and и, respectively, not separate letters – are included here because they are used in some South Slavic languages for preventing ambiguity and have been assigned separate Unicode code points.
- ^b The letters з́ and с́ only appear in the Montenegrin alphabet, which is otherwise identical to the Serbian alphabet and was not given a separate column.
- ^c In normal Russian texts ё is written without the dots, that is it appears as е. The dots are sometimes added to prevent ambiguity or in children books.
- ^d In the indicated languages, ъ indicates that the preceding consonant is not iotated.
- ^e In Ossetian, ъ is combined with consonants to indicate new phonemes, most commonly ejective consonants.
- ^f In Chechen, ь is combined with both consonants and vowels to indicate various new phonemes.
- ^g Only used in borrowings, not in native words.
- There are many languages that use two or more scripts, for example Latin or Arabic.
- In Belarusian and Ukrainian there is an apostrophe to indicate de-palatalization of the preceding consonant.
- Azerbaijani has the apostrophe (ʼ) as a letter.
- Nenets has the apostrophe (ʼ) and double apostrophe (ˮ) as letters.
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References
External links
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