白血病(leukemia)這個名詞是由魯道夫·菲爾紹(Rudolf Ludwig Karl Virchow)——一位知名的德國病理學家——在1856年創造的。身為病理學界光学显微镜的先驅,菲爾紹首度發現和Velpeau與Bennett的紀錄有相同症狀的患者血液中的白血球異常增多。由於菲爾紹並不知道白血球增多的病因,因此使用了leukemia(希臘文的白血球)這個字來描述此狀況[106]。
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