二叠纪—三叠纪灭绝事件(英语:Permian–Triassic extinction event,简称:P-Tr)是一个大规模物种灭绝事件,发生于古生代二叠纪与中生代三叠纪之间,距今大约2亿5140万年[1][2]。若以消失的物种来计算,当时地球上70%的陆生脊椎动物,以及高达96%的海中生物消失[3];这次灭绝事件也造成昆虫的唯一一次大量灭绝。计有57%的科与83%的属消失[4][5]。在灭绝事件之后,陆地与海洋的生态圈花了数百万年才完全恢复,比其他大型灭绝事件的恢复时间更长久[3]。此次灭绝事件是地质年代的五次大型灭绝事件中,规模最庞大的一次,因此又被正式称为大死亡(The Great Dying)[6],或是大规模灭绝之母(Mother of all mass extinctions)[7]。
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