硅藻纲 （学名 ：Bacillariophyceae ）是真核 藻类 的一个主要类群，同时也是最常见的一种浮游藻类，其下任一种可泛称为硅藻 （diatom）或矽藻 。硅藻纲成员多数为单细胞生物，尽管有些种类可以丝状或带状群体（如Fragilaria）、扇状群体（如Meridion）、锯齿状群体（如Tabellaria ）以及星形群体（如Asterionella ）形式存在。
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Quick Facts “硅藻”的各地常用名称, 中国大陆 ...
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硅藻在食物链中属于生产者。硅藻的一个主要特点是硅藻细胞外覆硅质（主要是二氧化硅 ）的细胞壁，即硅藻壳 。硅质细胞壁纹理和形态各异，但多呈对称排列。这种排列方式可作为分类命名的依据。但是这种对称并不是完全的对称，因为硅藻细胞壁的一侧比另一侧略大一点，这样才能嵌合在一起。化石遗迹显示，硅藻最早起源于早白垩纪 时期。仅中心硅藻类的雄配子具鞭毛，可以游动。硅藻一直以来是一种重要的环境监测指示物种，常被用于水质研究。分类上归为一纲 ，辖下有中心硅藻目 及羽纹硅藻目 。此外也是近海的优势类群。
载色体中有叶绿素a和叶绿素c，α-胡萝卜素和β-胡萝卜素，叶黄素类中主要含有墨角藻黄素，其次是硅藻黄素和硅甲黄素，由于墨角藻黄素和其他色素所占比例比叶绿素大，使载色体呈现橙黄色或黄褐色；细胞壁都是由果胶 和二氧化硅 组成的，没有纤维素 ，质地坚硬，硅质细胞壁上有呈辐射对称或左右对称排列的花纹。具有上下半壳套合而成的壳体。硅藻营养体中没有游动细胞，仅精子具鞭毛，电子显微镜下观察是茸鞭型，轴丝是9条，没有中央轴丝，这种构造是硅藻独有的。[ 2]
硅藻 图示相邻数字刻度相距10微米 硅藻纲有超过200个现存的属 ，估计有接近十万个现存物种 [ 3] [ 4] [ 5] [ 6] 海洋 、淡水 、汽水 、泥土 及潮湿的表面上均可发现。大部分生活在开阔的远洋水域，当然也有的像膜一样生活在海底砂砾上，更有能在仅仅是潮湿的大气中存活的种类。硅藻在海洋中尤为重要，海洋中总初级生产力的45%由硅藻提供。[ 7] [ 8] [ 9]
硅藻属于不等长鞭毛类这一大类群，这一大类群既有自养生物 （如金藻 、巨藻 ）又有异养生物（如水霉 ）。黄棕色叶绿体是不等长鞭毛类的一个特征，这种叶绿体有四层膜，含有类胡萝卜素 、墨角藻黄素 。硅藻个体通常无鞭毛，但其雄配子具不等长鞭毛，同时与其他类群相比其鞭毛缺乏茸毛。
大部分硅藻是不游动的，有的通过鞭毛移动。也有的观点认为有些羽纹硅藻有自发的运动，而这可能是原生质环流所致。[ 2]
硅藻的一大特点是具有尿素循环 ，这暗示它们在进化上与动物有关。这是艾伦、鲍勒所领导的团队于2011年发现的。他们的这一发现意义非凡，因为之前尿素循环被认为起源于在硅藻几百万年后才出现的后生动物 上。他们的研究表明，虽然硅藻和动物的尿素循环 目的不同，但它们相同的方式却显示了动物和植物进化的相关性。[ 10]
硅藻的硅质细胞壁 （硅藻壳 ）由两个独立的半片（壳面）组成。细胞壁生物硅是在胞内由硅酸单体 聚合 而成，然后再挤压到细胞外添加到细胞壁上。硅藻细胞壁 的两个壳面通常像培养皿 的底和盖一样套合在一起。在多数种中，当一个硅藻分裂产生两个子细胞，每个子细胞将保留其中的一个壳面，再长出一个套在里面的较小的另一个壳面。因此每个分裂周期后，硅藻种群的平均尺寸将变小。这样细胞尺寸一旦达到了最小，就不再简单地分裂，而是以产生复大孢子 复大孢子 减数分裂 和有性生殖。
硅藻的死亡和分解产生了有机 和无机 硅酸盐沉淀物。因为无机物在黏土 和淤泥 沉积中，会形成了一个永久性的海相地层地质 记录，所以可以通过挖掘海底或海湾淤泥，研究其中无机成分来分析过去的海洋环境。（参见硅质软泥 ）
硅藻的研究是藻类学 一个分支，而专攻硅藻方面的藻类学家被称为硅藻学家（英文：diatomists）。
不等鞭毛类物种的分类至今仍然有争议，不同的分类把物种归等为门级 、界级 或两者之间。因此，硅藻类物种其实可以根据其父系分类单元而被置放于不同的位置上，并相对调整其子系分类单元。本条目使其定位于纲级。
传统上，硅藻纲物种分为以下两个目 ：
前者是后者的并系群 。
较近期的分类[ 4] [ 11] 壳缝 ，即瓣膜的緃向槽[ 12]
中心硅藻纲 /中心硅藻目 （Coscinodiscophyceae ）或中心硅藻亚纲 （Coscinodiscophycidae ） Round & R.M.Crawford
Anaulales Round & R.M.Crawford
Arachnoidiscales Round
Asterolamprales Round
Aulacoseirales R.M.Crawford
中心硅藻目 Coscinodiscophyceae
Chaetocerotales Round & R.M.Crawfor
金盘藻目 Chrysanthemodiscales Round
金盘藻科 Chrysanthemodiscaceae
金盘藻属 Chrysanthemodiscus A.Mann, 1925
金色金盘藻 Chrysanthemodiscus floriatus A.Mann, 1925 Corethrales Round & R.M.Crawford
Coscinodiscales Round
波纹藻目 Cymatosirales Round & R.M.Crawford
Desmomastigales
Ethmodiscales Round
Hemiaulales Round & R.M.Crawford
Leptocylindrales Round & R.M.Crawford
Lithodesmiales
Melosirales R.M.Crawford
正盘藻目 Orthoseirales R.M.Crawford
Paraliales R.M.Crawford
Rhizosoleniales
Stictocyclales Round
Stictodiscales Round & R.M.Crawford
海链藻目 Thalassiosirales
角藻目 Triceratiales Round & R.M.Crawford
无壳缝纲 （Fragilariophyceae ）或无壳缝亚纲 （Fragilariophycidae ）F.E.Round ：无壳缝的羽纹硅藻（araphids）
Ardissoneales F.E.Round
梯楔藻目 Climacospheniales Round
Cyclophorales Round & R.M.Crawford
Fragilariales P.C.Silva
Licmophorales Round
Protoraphidales Round
Rhabdonematales Round & R.M.Crawford
Rhaphoneidales Round
Striatellales F.E.Round
Tabellariales Round
Thalassionematales Round
Toxariales Round
有壳缝纲 （Bacillariophyceae ）或有壳缝亚纲 （Bacillariophycidae ） D.G.Mann ：有壳缝的羽纹硅藻（raphids）
曲壳藻目 Achnanthales P.C.Silva
棍形藻目 Bacillariales Hendey
Cymbellales D.G.Mann
Dictyoneidales D.G.Mann
短缝藻目 Eunotiales P.C.Silva
Lyrellales D.G.Mann
Mastogloiales D.G.Mann
舟形藻目 Naviculales Bessey
Rhopalodiales D.G.Mann
双菱藻目 Surirellales D.G.Mann
锥藻目 Thalassiophysales D.G.Mann
在GBIF上，硅藻纲有以下目： 曲壳藻目 Achnanthales
Anaulales
Arachnoidiscales
Ardissoneales
Asterolamprales
Aulacoseirales
Bacillariales
Biddulphiales
Centrales
Chaetocerales
Chaetocerotales
Chrysanthemodiscales
梯楔藻目 Climacospheniales Round
Corethrales
Coscinodiscales
Cyclophorales
Cyclophoraceae
Entopylaceae
Entopyla C.G.Ehrenberg, 1848弓桥藻属 Gephyria G.A.W.Arnott, 1858
Gephyria castracanei Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1892Gephyria constricta Gephyria dyerana O'Meara, 1877Gephyria gigantea Gephyria harveyi O'Meara, 1866Gephyria incurvata 日本弓桥藻 Gephyria japonica Wolle, 1890中间弓桥藻 Gephyria media Arnott, 1860Gephyria parodii Frenguelli, 1941Gephyria rinnboeckii (Pantocsek) Forti, 1912Gephyria rodriguezi Azpeitia, 1911Gephyria telfairiae Walker-Arnott, 1858 波纹藻目 Cymatosirales
Cymbellales
Anomoeoneidaceae
Cymbellaceae
Gomphonemataceae
弯楔藻科 Rhoicospheniaceae
Campylopyxis L.K.Medlin, 1985Chelonicola Majewska, De Stefano & Van de VijverCuneolus M.H.Giffen, 1970Epiphalaina R.W.Holmes, S.Nagasawa & H.Takano, 1993Gomphonemopsis L.Medlin, 1986Gomphoseptatum L.Medlin, 1986Gomphosphenia H.Lange-Bertalot, 1995Poulinea Majewska, De Stefano & Van de Vijver弯楔藻属 Rhoicosphenia A.Grunow, 1860Rhoicosphenula Lange-Bert., Kociolek, A.A.Saber & Cantonati, 2021Tripterion R.W.Holmes, S.Nagasawa & H.Takano, 1993Tursiocola R.W.Holmes, S.Nagasawa & H.Takano, 1993 Dictyoneidales
Ethmodiscales
短缝藻目 Eunotiales
Fragilariales
Hemiaulales
Leptocylindrales
Licmophorales
Lithodesmiales
Lyrellales
胸隔藻目 Mastogloiales
胸隔藻科 Mastogloiaceae
Aneumastus D.G.Mann & A.J.Stickle, 1990Decussiphycus Guiry & Gandhi, 2019Gato C.S.Lobban & J.N.Navarro, 2013
Gato hyalinus Lobban & J.N.Navarro, 2013 [ 13] 胸隔藻属 Mastogloia Thwaites ex W.Sm.Mastogloiopsis Lobban & Navarro, 2012Skeletomastus M.A.Harper, 2009 Melosirales
舟形藻目 Naviculales
Orthoseirales
Paraliales
Protoraphidales
杆线藻目 Rhabdonematales
Grammatophoraceae
杆线藻科 Rhabdonemataceae Rhaphoneidales
缝舟藻目 Rhaponeidales
Psammodiscaceae
缝舟藻科 RhaphoneidaceaeAsterionellopsis 具槽藻属 Delphineis G.W.Andrews, 1977
Delphineis abbottii E.Fourtanier, 1987Delphineis andrewsii Hendey, 1981狭窄具槽藻 Delphineis angustata (Pantocsek Andrews,1977)Delphineis kamenooensis Yanagisawa, 1994Delphineis kippae Sancetta, 1982Delphineis lineata G.W.Andrews, 1977Delphineis livingstonii Prasad, 1986Delphineis lohmanii Hendey, 1981Delphineis ovata Andrews, 1977Delphineis penelliptica G.W.Andrews, 1977Delphineis sheshukovae Akiba, 1985双菱具槽藻 Delphineis surirella (Ehr. Andrews G. W.,1980)
Delphineis tiltilensis (Frenguelli) Sar & Sala, 2009Delphineis urbinai Gariboldi, 2016Diplomenora K.Blazé, 1984Drewsandria P.A.Sims & R.Ross, 1996Meloneis I.Louvrou, D.B.Danielidis & A.Economou-Amilli, 2013新具槽藻属 Neodelphineis H.Takano, 1982
大洋新具槽藻 Neodelphineis pelagica Takano, 1982Neodelphineis silenda (Hohn & Hellerman, 1966) Desianti & Potapova, 2015Neodetonia S.Blanco, 2011Perissonoë G.W.Andrews & V.A.Stoelzel, 1984
十字奇异藻 Perissonoë cruciata (Janisch et Rabenhorst) Andrews et Stoelzel, 1982Perissonoë pentagona Desikachary, Gowthaman, Hema, Prasaed & Prema, 1987Perissonoë trigona (Grunow) Andrews & Stoelzel, 1984缝舟藻属 Rhaphoneis C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Rhaphoneis adamantea Andrews, 1978 Rhaphoneis affinis Grunow, 1886 Rhaphoneis africana Ehrenberg, 1854 双角缝舟藻 Rhaphoneis amphiceros (Ehrenberg) Ehrenberg, 1844Rhaphoneis angularis Lohman, 1938 Rhaphoneis angulata Fenner, 1976 Rhaphoneis angusta Ehrenberg, 1844 Rhaphoneis angustata Pantocsek, 1886 Rhaphoneis archeri O'Meara, 1867 Rhaphoneis asiatica Brun, 1889 Rhaphoneis atlantica Andrews, 1989 Rhaphoneis australis H.L.Smith, 1878 Rhaphoneis belgica Grunow, 1881 Rhaphoneis bergonil H.Peragallo Rhaphoneis bicuneata Grunow, 1879 Rhaphoneis bilineata Grunow & Cleve Rhaphoneis biseriata Grunow, 1886 Rhaphoneis boryana Pantocsek, 1889 Rhaphoneis caballeroi Azpeitia y Moros, 1911 Rhaphoneis capensis A.Schmidt, 1894 Rhaphoneis capensis Alferov, 1932 Rhaphoneis capitata Andrews, 1978 Rhaphoneis carolinica Andrews, 1979 卡氏缝舟藻 Rhaphoneis castracanii Grunow, 1881 Rhaphoneis clavata Andrews, 1978 Rhaphoneis cocconeides Schrader, 1973 Rhaphoneis cocconeis Ehrenberg, 1870 发状缝舟藻 Rhaphoneis crinigera Takano, 1983Rhaphoneis crozierii Bailey, 1924 Rhaphoneis debyi Pantocsek, 1886 Rhaphoneis delicatula Pantocsek, 1886 Rhaphoneis delicatus Loseva, 1983 Rhaphoneis diamantella Andrews, 1976 Rhaphoneis digitus Ehrenberg, 1854 Rhaphoneis discoides Subrahmanyan, 1946 Rhaphoneis dissita Ehrenberg, 1854 Rhaphoneis dubia Grunow, 1867 Rhaphoneis elegantula Hustedt, 1952 Rhaphoneis elliptica Castracane, 1886 Rhaphoneis elliptica Ehrenberg, 1856 Rhaphoneis elliptica Jousé, 1951 Rhaphoneis elliptica Schrader, 1976 Rhaphoneis entomon Ehrenberg, 1854 Rhaphoneis fasciata Ehrenberg, 1854 Rhaphoneis fasciolata Janisch & Rabenhorst, 1862 Rhaphoneis fatula Lohman, 1938 Rhaphoneis fluminensis Grunow, 1862 Rhaphoneis foliacea Ehrenberg, 1849 Rhaphoneis fragilaroidea Patrick, 1944 Rhaphoneis fuchsii Pantocsek, 1889 Rhaphoneis fusiformis Andrews, 1978 Rhaphoneis fusus Ehrenberg, 1844 Rhaphoneis gangetica Ehrenberg, 1892 Rhaphoneis gemmifera Ehrenberg Rhaphoneis granulata Patrick, 1944 Rhaphoneis gratiosa Hajós, 1968 Rhaphoneis grossepunctata Hustedt, 1955 Rhaphoneis hachiroensis Rhaphoneis hauckii Grunow, 1879 Rhaphoneis hungarica Pantocsek, 1886 Rhaphoneis immunis Andrews, 1976 Rhaphoneis immunis Lohman, 1948 Rhaphoneis indica Ehrenberg, 1845 Rhaphoneis inflata Hustedt, 1952 Rhaphoneis intermedia Hajós, 1973 Rhaphoneis itaparicana Zimmermann, 1918 日本缝舟藻 Rhaphoneis japonica Castracane, 1886 Rhaphoneis jonesii O'Meara, 1867 Rhaphoneis kinkerii Pantocsek, 1892 Rhaphoneis kronowetterii Ehrenberg, 1862 Rhaphoneis krusadiensis Desikachary & Sridharan, 1989 Rhaphoneis laevigata Ehrenberg, 1854 Rhaphoneis laevis Ehrenberg, 1854 Rhaphoneis lanceolata Ehrenberg, 1845 矛状缝舟藻 Rhaphoneis lancettula Grunow, 1886Rhaphoneis lepta Schrader, 1969 Rhaphoneis liburnica Grunow, 1862 Rhaphoneis linearis Ehrenberg, 1856 Rhaphoneis linearis Grunow, 1886 Rhaphoneis lorenziana Grunow, 1862 Rhaphoneis luciana Cholnoky, 1968 Rhaphoneis lumen Brun, 1889 Rhaphoneis lusitanica Rabenhorst, 1864 Rhaphoneis maculata Cleve, 1883 Rhaphoneis magnapunctata Andrews, 1978 Rhaphoneis mammalis Castracane, 1886 Rhaphoneis margaritalimbata Mertz, 1966 Rhaphoneis margaritata Andrews, 1978 Rhaphoneis marginulata Cleve, 1883 Rhaphoneis mascarenae Giffen, 1980 Rhaphoneis mediopunctata Hajós, 1968 Rhaphoneis mediterranea Grunow Rhaphoneis mertzi Hajós, 1973 Rhaphoneis mica Hohn & Hellerman, 1966 Rhaphoneis minutissima Hustedt, 1939 Rhaphoneis miocenica Schrader, 1973 Rhaphoneis mirabunda Giffen, 1963 Rhaphoneis molucensis Ehrenberg, 1870 Rhaphoneis moorii O'Meara, 1867 Rhaphoneis morsiana Grunow, 1886 Rhaphoneis nana Ehrenberg, 1872 Rhaphoneis nitida (Gregory) Grunow, 1868Rhaphoneis nitida A.Schmidt, 1894 Rhaphoneis nodulifer Rhaphoneis obesa Hanna, 1932 Rhaphoneis obesa Peragallo, 1911 Rhaphoneis obesula Hanna, 1932 Rhaphoneis oregonica Ehrenberg, 1844 Rhaphoneis orientalis Hendey, 1939 Rhaphoneis ossiformis Schrader, 1976 Rhaphoneis ovalis Korotkevich, 1957 相同缝舟藻 Rhaphoneis paralis Hanna, 1932 Rhaphoneis parallelica Schrader, 1976 Rhaphoneis parcepunctata (Pantocsek & Grunow) Andrews, 1975Rhaphoneis parvula Andrews, 1978 Rhaphoneis perspicua Sheshukova-Poretzkaya, 1959 Rhaphoneis petropolitana Grunow, 1886 Rhaphoneis pinnularia Tempère & Brun, 1889 Rhaphoneis praeparilis Andrews, 1987 Rhaphoneis pretiosa Ehrenberg Rhaphoneis psammicola Riznyk, 1973 Rhaphoneis quarnerensis Grunow, 1862 似菱形缝舟藻 Rhaphoneis rhomboides Hendey, 1958 Rhaphoneis rhombus Ehrenberg, 1854 Rhaphoneis rhomoides Hendey Rhaphoneis robustata Schrader, 1976 Rhaphoneis rostrata Ehrenberg, 1856 Rhaphoneis sachalinensis Sheshukova-Poretskaya, 1967 Rhaphoneis sanctaecrucis H.Peragallo, 1909 Rhaphoneis scalaris Ehrenberg, 1844 Rhaphoneis schulzii Anissimova ex Proschkina-Lavrenko, 1949 Rhaphoneis scutelloides Grunow, 1862 Rhaphoneis scutellum Ehrenberg, 1844 Rhaphoneis scutula Andrews, 1978Rhaphoneis setacea Ehrenberg, 1854Rhaphoneis sharktoothensis VanLandingham, 1978Rhaphoneis simbirskiana Grunow, 1886Rhaphoneis similis Hustedt, 1952Rhaphoneis simonseni Mertz, 1966 Rhaphoneis suborbicularis O'Meara, 1867 Rhaphoneis subtilissima Pantocsek, 1886 双菱缝舟藻 Rhaphoneis surirella (Her.) Grunow, 1880Rhaphoneis surirelloides Simonsen, 1974 Rhaphoneis szakalensis Pantocsek, 1886 Rhaphoneis tatsunokuchiensis Koizumi, 1972 Rhaphoneis tenuis Hustedt, 1952 Rhaphoneis tibialis Tempère & Brun, 1889 Rhaphoneis triangularis Hajós, 1968 Rhaphoneis wetzeli Mertz, 1966 Rhaphoneis wicomicoensis Lohman, 1948 Rhaponeis Sceptroneis C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844 Rhizosoleniales
Rhopalodiales
Stictocycales
斑环藻目 Stictocyclales
斑环藻科 Stictocyclaceae
斑环藻属 Stictocyclus A.Mann, 1925
射纹斑环藻 Stictocyclus stictodiscus (Grunow Ross, 1973)Stictocyclus varicus A.Mann, 1925 斑盘藻目 Stictodiscales
Benetoraceae
Plurifenestraceae
斑盘藻科 Stictodiscaceae
Actinodiscus R.K.Greville, 1863Compositus V.N.Vekschina, 1960Pseudostictodiscus A.Grunow ex A.Schmidt et al., 1882Rhaphidophoropsis S.Blanco & C.E.Wetzel, 2016Rocella 斑盘藻属 Stictodiscus R.K.Greville, 1861 Striatellales
双菱藻目 Surirellales
Tabellariales
Thalassionematales
锥藻目 Thalassiophysales
海链藻目 Thalassiosirales
Toxariales
Triceratiales
目的地位未定 的科： Arcanodiscaceae
Archaegladiopsidaceae
Diatomaceae
Disciferiaceae
Eustephaniaceae
Gladiaceae
Hydroseraceae
Kerkiaceae
Nitzschiaveae
Rhynchopyxidaceae
Trigoniumaceae
Xanthiopyxaceae
目和科的地位未定 的属： Achnanthepyla Perag., 1921
Actinodictyon J.Pantocsek, 1889
Actinogonium C.G.Ehrenberg, 1847
Actinogramma C.G.Ehrenberg, 1872
Actinoneis P.T.Cleve, 1895
Actinophaenia G.Shadbolt, 1854
Actinostephanos G.K.Khursevich, 1989
Aggericorona S.Komura, 2006
Alloeoneis J.Schumann, 1867
Alloioneis J.Schumann ex P.T.Cleve, 1878
Amphicampa Rabenh.
Amphicephalosperma Meunier, 1910
Amphidiscus C.G.Ehrenberg, 1839
茧形藻属 Amphiprora Kütz.
两形壳缝藻属 Amphiraphia J.-Y.Chen & H.-Z.Zhu, 1983
Amphitrite P.T.Cleve ex O.Kunze, 1891
Amphitropis L.Rabenhorst, 1868
Anisodiscus A.Grunow, 1886
Anisoraphe R.E.Norris, 1971
Annellus J.Tempère, 1908
Annularius S.Komura, 2005
Annulodiscus Hajós
异菱藻属 Anomoeoneis Pitzer
Antelminellia F.Schütt, 1893
Anthemodiscus J.W.Barker & S.H.Meakin, 1944
Aplotella (Kützing) L.Agassiz, 1843
Aporidiscus Rattray, 1889
Aporodiscus J.Rattray, 1890
Apteroe P.T.Cleve, 1891
Apterosoma S.Komura, 1997
Archaegoniothecium J.Witkowski, D.M.Harwood & M.Kulikovskiy, 2012
Archeopantocsekia Borbas, 1893
Archepyrgus R.Gersonde & D.M.Harwood, 1990
Archimedea J.B.M.Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1824
Argonauta G.Karsten, 1928
Aristella
Arthrogyra C.G.Ehrenberg ex Ralfs, 1861
Arthrotoma Corda, 1840
Asterodiscus A.S.Johnson, 1852
Astrosyne Ashworth & Lobban, 2012
Aulacocystis A.H.Hassall, 1845
Auriculopsis N.I.Hendey, 1964
Bactryllium O.Heer, 1853
Baculites J.Grüss, 1928
Badiaga Sprengel
Balanosa S.Komura, 1996
Baxteria H.Van Heurck, 1896
Belonastrum E.Lemmermann, 1900
Belonidium C.G.Ehrenberg, 1854
Biblarium C.G.Ehrenberg, 1843
Bifibulatia H.Takano, 1983
Bilingua R.Gersonde & D.M.Harwood, 1990
Bolewskia B.Kwiecinska & J.Sieminska, 2000
Botellus F.Schütt, 1900
Brachybaculites J.Grüss, 1928
Brasiliella C.Zimmermann S.J., 1918
Brenneckella H.Lohman, 1912
Brunia J.Tempère ex G.B.De Toni, 1894
Bruniella H.Van Heurck, 1896
Bruniopsis G.Karsten, 1928
Calcothrix N.A.Desvaux, 1830
Callimastogloia S.Komura, 2005
Calodiscus L.Rabenhorst, 1853
Calophyllum G.Shadbolt, 1854
Calyptosporium D.M.Harwood & R.Gersonde, 1990
Campylostylus G.Shadbolt ex C.S.Boyer, 1927
Capsula J.Brun, 1896
Carrodoria Kuntze, 1898
Castracania G.B.De Toni, 1892
Cavitatus D.M.Williams, 1989
Centrodiscus Pantocsek, 1889
Centroporus J.Pantocsek, 1889
Ceratangula P.A.Sims, 2008
Ceratodiscus S.H.Meakin, 1938
Ceratophora Pantocsek, 1889
Chasea G D.Hanna, 1934
Cheloniodiscus J.Pantocsek, 1889
Chuniella G.Karsten, 1905
Circularius E.A.Molinari-Novoa, C.E.Sánchez Ocharan & M.D.Guiry, 2021
Cladogramma C.G.Ehrenberg, 1854
Cladomphalus J.W.Bailey, 1894
Clavicula J.Pantocsek, 1886
Clavularia R.K.Greville, 1865
Clevamphora C.Mereschkowsky, 1903
Cleveamphora Mereschkowsky, 1903
Cleveia J.Pantocsek, 1895
Clevia C.Mereschkowsky, 1902
Climacidium C.G.Ehrenberg, 1870
Clipeoparvus J.Woodbridge, E.J.Cox & N.Roberts, 2010
Coenobiodiscus A.R.Loeblich Iii, W.W.Wight & W.M.Darley, 1968
Cohaesum V.A.Nikolaev & D.M.Harwood, 2007
Colletonema A.de Brébisson ex F.T.Kützing, 1849
Confervea O.F.Müller, 1873
棘冠藻属 Corethron (Castracane) H.Perag.
Corinna P.A.C.Heiberg, 1863
Coronia C.G.Ehrenberg, 1840
Coronodiscus I.Suto, 2004
Coscinophaena C.G.Ehrenberg, 1854
Coscinorima N.I.Strelnikova, 1999
Cotyledon J.Brun, 1891
Craspedopleura M.Poulin, 1993
Craspedoporus R.K.Greville, 1863
Cresswellia Arnott ex R.K.Greville, 1857
Cristodiscus Z.I.Glezer & A.P.Olshtynskaya, 1994
Crossophialus D.M.Harwood & R.Gersonde, 1990
Crystalia Sommerfeld, 1824
Ctenophora A.de Brebisson ex F.T.Kützing, 1849
Cultria (D.Metzeltin & H.Lange-Bertalot) D.Metzeltin & H.Lange-Bertalot, 2007
Cussia H.-J.Schrader, 1974
Cycloites J.Grüss, 1928
Cycloplea V.B.A.Trevisan di San Leon, 1848
Cyclosira H.Peragallo & M.Peragallo, 1907
Cyclostephanopsis L.Loginova, 1993
Cymatogonia A.Grunow, 1883
Cymatotheca N.I.Hendey, 1958
Cymbamphora P.T.Cleve, 1895
Cymbelgeia L.N.Bukhtiyarova & G.V.Pomazkina, 2013
Cymbellopsis K.Krammer, 1997
Cymbophora (F.T.Kützing) A.de Brébisson, 1838
Cymbosira F.T.Kützing, 1844
Cypellachaetes D.M.Harwood & R.Gersonde, 1990
Cystopleura A.de Brébisson ex O.Kuntze, 1891
指管藻属 Dactyliosolen (Castracane) H.Perag.
Dalai-Lama C.Mereschkowsky, 1906
Dalailama Mereschkowsky
Dandrelion P.Lefebure, 1947
Dasyangea D.M.Harwood & R.Gersonde, 1990
Debya J.Pantocsek, 1886
Debya J.Rattray, 1888
Dendrelion J.Pantocsek, 1928
Dendrella J.B.M.Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1822
Dendrogonia S.Komura, 2007
Denticula Ehrenb.
Diatomosira V.B.A.Trevisan di San Leon, 1848
Diatostephana E.A.Molinari-Novoa & M.D.Guiry, 2021
Dichomenis C.G.Ehrenberg, 1862
Dichotropiscus S.Komura, 1995
Dickensoniaforma
Dicladia C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Dicladiopsis G.B.De Toni, 1894
Dictyolampra C.G.Ehrenberg, 1847
Dictyopyxis C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Didymohelix J.W.Griffith
Dimeractis S.Komura, 2001
Dimerosira H.Peragallo, 1901
Diomphala C.G.Ehrenberg, 1842
Discoites J.Grüss, 1928
Disconeis P.T.Cleve, 1895
Discoplea C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Discosira L.Rabenhorst, 1853
Discus C.Stodder, 1879
Disiphonia
Dispinodiscus I.Suto, 2004
Distichanthes C.G.Ehrenberg, 1854
Doryphora
Dossetia F.Azpeitia, 1911
Drepanotheca H.-J.Schrader ex Round, Crawford & Mann, 1990
Echinaria F.T.Kützing, 1844
Echinodiscus A.Mann, 1925
Ectodictyon G.C.Khursevich & G.P.Cherniaeva, 1989
Endosigma A.de Brébisson, 1848
Endostauron A.Grunow, 1880
Endostauron Brébisson ex Möller, 1892
Entogonia R.K.Greville, 1863
Entomogaster C.G.Ehrenberg, 1871
Epithelion J.Pantocsek, 1905
Epithema A.de Brébisson, 1838
Euceratoneis A.Grunow, 1865
Eumeridion F.T.Kützing, 1844
Euphyllodium
Eupleuria G.A.W.Arnott, 1858
Eupterotrum S.Komura, 1997
Eurossia Mahood et al., 1993
Eurossia P.A.Sims, 1993
Excentron J.Ralfs, 1861
Fenestrellina Greville, 1863
Fibula Wm.Smith, 1859
Flexibiddulphia R.Simonsen, 1987
Fontigonium P.A.Sims & N.I.Hendey, 1996
Fusotheca C.Mereschkowsky, 1878
Gemellodiscus I.Suto, 2004
Girodella Gaillon ex P.J.F.Turpin, 1827
Gleseria E.G.Lupikina, L.M.Dolmatova & L.M., 1984
Gloeonema C.G.Ehrenberg, 1856
Gloionema C.A.Agardh, 1812
Glyphodiscus R.K.Greville, 1862
Goldfishia L.N.Bukhtiyarova & G.V.Pomazkina, 2013
Golovenkinia N.I.Strelnikova, 1997
Gomphogramma A.Braun, 1853
Grammatonema F.T.Kützing, 1845
Grayia E.Grove & J.Brun, 1892
Groentvedia N.I.Hendey, 1964
Grovea A.Schmidt ex Van Heurck, 1896
Grunoviella H.Van Heurck, 1896
Grymaia J.W.Bailey ex L.W.Bailey, 1861
Gutwinskiella G.B.De Toni, 1894
Gyropandorus S.Komura, 1997
Gyroptychus A.Schmidt, 1890
Halionyx C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Halonetrum H.Lohmann, 1919
Halopetitia S.Blanco & C.E.Wetzel, 2016
Halurina C.Zimmermann, 1918
Handmannia M.Peragallo, 1913
Hantzschiopsidea J.Grüss, 1928
Harrisonii E.M.Nelson
Haynaldella J.Pantocsek, 1892
Haynaldiella J.Pantocsek ex H.Van Heurck, 1896
Heibergia R.K.Greville, 1865
Heliopelta C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Helisella A.Jurilj, 1949
Helissella Jurilj, 1949
Helminthopsidella P.C.Silva, 1970
Hemiboscia V.A.Nikolaev & D.M.Harwood, 2012
Hemizoster C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Hendeya J.A.Long, D.P.Fuge & J.Smith, 1946
Hendeyscoresbya S.Blanco & C.E.Wetzel, 2016
Henshawia A.Mann, 1925
Heribaudia M.Peragallo, 1893
Heromphala P.Lefebure, 1947
Heroneis P.Lefebure, 1947
Hesslandia A.Cleve-Euler, 1947
Heterangion S.Komura, 2001
Heterocampa C.G.Ehrenberg, 1870
Heterodictyon R.K.Greville, 1863
Heteromphala C.G.Ehrenberg, 1859
Heteroneis P.T.Cleve, 1895
Heterostephania C.G.Ehrenberg, 1854
Himantidium C.G.Ehrenberg, 1840
Himantosoma V.B.A.Trevisan di San Leon, 1848
Homalodiscus A.S.Orsted, 1844
Hormophora A.Jurilj, 1957
Horstia J.Sieminska & B.Kwiecinska, 2002
Humbugodiscus J.Deby, 1890
Hustedtia F.Meister, 1932
Huttoniella G.Karsten, 1928
Hyalodes F.Dujardin, 1842
Hyalodictya C.G.Ehrenberg, 1871
Hyalopyxis I.V.Makarova, 1989
Hyalotrochus D.M.Harwood & R.Gersonde, 1990
Hydrolinum H.F.Link, 1820
Hydrosirella F.Hustedt, 1952
Hylobiblium Wolle, 1894
Hystrix J.B.M.Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1822
Iconella
Ikebea S.Komura, 1975
Imparvalvia S.Komura, 2007
Incisoria M.Hajos, 1975
Insilella C.G.Ehrenberg, 1845
Isomeria Chevallier
Isthmiella P.T.Cleve, 1873
Janischia A.Grunow, 1883
Jousea Z.I.Glezer, 1967
Kannoa S.Komura, 1980
Katahiraia S.Komura, 1976
Kidoa S.Komura, 1979
Kozloviella A.P.Jousé, 1973
Kreagra R.Gersonde & D.M.Harwood, 1990
Ktenodiscus J.Pantocsek, 1889
Kuemmerlea J.A.Krenner, 1926
Lacustriella H.Lange-Bertalot, M.S.Kulikovskiy & D.Metzeltin, 2012
Lamella J.Brun, 1894
Lamprotediscus J.Pantocsek, 1892
Lancineis G.W.Andrews, 1990
Lentiliforma
Leptoscaphos H.-J.Schrader, 1969
Lingulatium
Lioneis C.G.Ehrenberg, 1861
Liostephania C.G.Ehrenberg, 1847
Liparogyra C.G.Ehrenberg, 1848
Liradiscus R.K.Greville, 1865
Liradiscus akibae I.Suto, 2004 Liradiscus asperulus Andrews, 1976 Liradiscus barbadensis Greville, 1865 Liradiscus bipolaris K.E.Lohman, 1948 Liradiscus capensis Cleve, 1881 Liradiscus circularis Hanna, 1927 Liradiscus ellipticus Greville, 1865 Liradiscus furcatus Grove MS., 1889 Liradiscus japonicus I.Suto, 2004 Liradiscus lucidus Brun, 1889 Liradiscus marginatus Grove MS., 1889 Liradiscus marginatus Grunow, 1879 Liradiscus minimus Lohman, 1948 Liradiscus minutus Forti, 1914 Liradiscus minutus Greville, 1865 Liradiscus oblongus Grunow, 1890 卵形脊刺藻 Liradiscus ovalis R.K.Greville, 1865 Liradiscus pacificus I.Suto, 2004 Liradiscus petasus I.Suto, 2004 Liradiscus plicatulus Hajós, 1968 Liradiscus plicatus Hajós, 1968 肾形脊刺藻 Liradiscus reniformis Chin & Cheng, 1982 Liradiscus reticulatus I.Suto, 2004 Liradiscus rotundus Hajós, 1968 Liriogramma R.W.Kolbe, 1954
Lithobotrys C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Lobarzewskya V.B.A.Trevisan di San Leon, 1848
Lomonycus S.Komura, 1996
Longinata M.Hajos, 1975
Lophotheca H.-J.Schrader, 1969
Lunulina J.B.M.Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1822
Lyngbyea
Lysicyclia C.G.Ehrenberg, 1856
Lysigonium H.F.Link, 1820
Maluina R.Ross & P.A.Sims, 1987
Mammidion J.A.Long, D.P.Fuge & J.Smith, 1946
Mammula G.Karsten, 1928
Margaritoxon C.Janisch, 1862
Mediaria V.S.Scheschukova-Poretzkaja, 1962
Mediopyxis L.K.Medlin & Kühn, 2006
Medlinella Frankovich, Ashworth & M.J.Sullivan, 2016
Melchersiela C.Teixeira, 1959
Melotomus Corda
Meretrosulus G D.Hanna, 1927
Meristosolen D.M.Harwood & R.Gersonde, 1990
Mesasterias C.G.Ehrenberg, 1872
Micromega C.A.Agardh, 1827
Microneis P.T.Cleve, 1895
Microorbis R.Gersonde & D.M.Harwood, 1990
Microspodiscus A.Grunow, 1883
Microstigma (P.T.Cleve) F.Meister, 1919
Moelleria P.T.Cleve, 1873
Moisseevia N.I.Strelnikova, 1997
Monema M.J.Berkeley, 1833
Monema R.K.Greville, 1827
Monobrachia H.-J.Schrader, 1976
Monoceros A.C.J.Van Goor, 1924
Monocis P.Lefebure, 1947
Monocladia I.Suto, 2003
Monogramma C.G.Ehrenberg, 1843
Monopsia E.Grove & G.Sturt, 1887
Muelleriopsis N.I.Hendey, 1972
Nadiya L.N.Bukhtiyarova, 2013
Nanoneis R.E.Norris, 1973
Naunema C.G.Ehrenberg, 1838
Naviculonema C.L.Graeff, J.P.Kociolek & S.R.Rushforth, 2013
Nematoplata J.B.M.Bory de Saint-Vincent, 1822
Neograya O.Kuntze, 1898
Neomoelleria S.Blanco & C.E.Wetzel, 2016
Nephrodiscus S.Komura, 1996
Nitzschiopsidea J.Grüss, 1928
Nothoceratium G.B.De Toni, 1894
Novilla P.A.C.Heiberg, 1863
Ocularia E.J.Quekett, 1844
Omphalopelta C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Oncodiscus J.W.Bailey
Oncosphenia C.G.Ehrenberg, 1845
Opephoropsis J.Frenguelli, 1945
Orthotropis P.T.Cleve, 1891
Oscillaria C.Pollini, 1816
Oshitea S.Komura, 1993
Paleopandorus S.Komura, 1996
Palmella E.A.Flint
Paltonella (Kützing) L.Agassiz, 1843
Paltonophora F.T.Kützing, 1833
Pandurella (Kützing) L.Agassiz, 1843
Pappia M.Hajos, 1974
Paradesmus A.C.J.Corda, 1835
Parelion
Pentapodiscus C.G.Ehrenberg, 1843
Peponia R.K.Greville, 1863
Peragalla F.Schütt, 1895
Peragallia F.Schütt, 1895
Peragalloella H.Van Heurck, 1909
Periptera Ehrenberg, 1845
Peristephania C.G.Ehrenberg, 1854
Perithyra C.G.Ehrenberg ex H.Van Heurck, 1896
Perizonium F.Cohn & C.Janisch ex L.Rabenhorst, 1864
Phaeoceros
Phaeothallus K.I.Meyer
Phalarina Ehrenberg
Pharyngoglossa Corda, 1835
Phialediscus L.Vailionis, 1930
Phlyctaenia F.T.Kützing, 1849
Phycorona Blanco, 2020
Pinnulariosigma T.V.Desikachary, V.N.Raja Rao & V.T.Sridharan, 1989
Pleurodesmium F.T.Kützing, 1846
Pleurodiscina P.C.Silva, 1970
Pleurodiscus J.W.Barker & S.H.Meakin, 1944
Pleuroneis P.T.Cleve, 1895
Pleurosiphonia C.G.Ehrenberg, 1871
Pleurostauron
Plicatodiscus Z.I.Glezer, 1988
Ploiaria J.Pantocsek ex Van Heurck, 1896
Podiscus J.W.Bailey, 1844
Pododiscus F.T.Kützing, 1844
Podosphenia Ehrenberg, 1836
Pogoneis F.E.Round & P.W.Basson, 1997
Polyceratium A.F.Castracane, 1886
Polymyscos C.Janisch, 1888
Ponticella C.G.Ehrenberg, 1873
Pontodiscus D.N.Temniskova-Topalova & V.S.Sheshukova-Poretzkaya, 1981
Poretzkia A.P.Jousé, 1949
Porocyclia C.G.Ehrenberg, 1848
Porodiscus R.K.Greville, 1863
Porostauros F.Habirshaw, 1877
Porosularia B.V.Skvortzov, 1976
Praecymatosira Dzinoridze et al., 1979
Praecymatosira N.I.Strelnikova, 1979
Praeepithemia A.P.Jousé, 1952
Pravifusus A.Witkowski, H.Lange-Bertalot & D.Metzeltin, 2000
Pritchardia L.Rabenhorst, 1864
Proboscidea T.B.B.Paddock & P.A.Sims, 1980
Proboscineis F.Butzin, 1980
Prorostaurus C.G.Ehrenberg, 1843
Proshkinia N.I.Karayeva, 1978
Protonema Meneghinini, 1845
Protorhaphoneis B.Kwiecinska & J.Sieminska, 2000
Psammoparalia M.G.Baptista, 1998
Pseudauliscus G.Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1879
Pseudo-pleurosigma P.T.Cleve & A.Grunow, 1880
Pseudoaulacodiscus V.N.Vekschina, 1961
Pseudocerataulus J.Pantocsek, 1889
Pseudocoscinodiscus A.Grunow, 1883
Pseudodictyoneis P.T.Cleve ex J.Pantocsek, 1892
Pseudodimerogramma H.-J.Schrader, 1976
Pseudodiploneis A.Schmidt, 1874
Pseudohyalodiscus T.F.Kozyrenko & I.V.Makarova, 1997
Pseudomastogloia J.Pantocsek, 1905
Pseudostephanodiscus A.Grunow, 1884
Pseudosynedra G.Leuduger-Fortmorel ex C.S.Boyer, 1827
Pseudosynedra J.Pantocsek ex G.Moesz, 1904
Pseudotribrachia S.Blanco & C.E.Wetzel, 2016
Psygmatella F.T.Kützing, 1834
Pterotheca A.Grunow ex Forti, 1909
Ptychodiscus E.O'Meara, 1867
Radiodiscus (W.M.Bale) Mills, 1932
Radiodiscus A.Forti & P.Schulz, 1932
Radiopalma J.Brun, 1891
Ralfsia E.O'Meara, 1875
Rancia L.Mangin ex J.Chavaillon, 1939
Raphidogloea
Raphoneis Ehrenb.
Reicheltia H.Van Heurck, 1896
Rhabdium C.F.W.Wallroth, 1833
Rhabdosira C.G.Ehrenberg, 1870
Rhaphidogloea F.T.Kützing, 1844
Rhaphiophorasphaera B.L.Clark & A.S.Campbell, 1945
Rhaphococcus C.G.Ehrenberg, 1871
Rhipidophora F.T.Kützing, 1844
Rhizonotia C.G.Ehrenberg, 1843
Robinsetta G D.Hanna & A.L.Brigger, 1964
Robinsonetta G.D.Hanna & A.L.Brigger, 1964
Rosaria Carmichael, 1833
Rouxia J.Brun & J.Heribaud, 1893
Rouxiopsis S.Komura, 1996
Rutilariopsis H.Van Heurck, 1896
Saeptifera R.M.Gogorev, 2014
Sagittula S.Komura, 1997
Salacia J.Pantocsek, 1889
Salpa P.Lefebure, 1947
Sameioneis D.J.Russell & R.E.Norris, 1971
Sawamuraia S.Komura, 1976
Scalariella C.Riaux-Gobin, 2012
Scalptrum A.C.J.Corda, 1835
Scapha Edwards ex C.Johnston, 1860
Scaphularia F.T.Kützing, 1844
Schimittia P.Lefebure, 1947
Schimperiella G.Karsten, 1905
Schizonema C.A.Agardh, 1824
Schizostauron A.Grunow, 1867
Schmidtia C.Janisch, 1888
Schmidtiella C.H.Ostenfeld, 1903
Schumanniana P.Lefebure, 1947
Scoliodiscus A.Jurilj, 1954
Scytellum C.Agardh, 1827
Secallia F.Azpeitia, 1911
Sellaphoropsis D.Metzeltin & H.Lange-Bertalot, 2002
Sembeya P.Lefebure, 1947
Semseyia J.Pantocsek, 1902
Sieminskia D.Metzeltin & H.Lange-Bertalot, 1998
Sigma M.Peragallo, 1920
Simonseniella J.Fenner, 1991
Siphonodiscus S.Komura, 1996
Skvortzowia M.S.Kulikovskiy, H.Lange-Bertalot & D.Metzeltin, 2012
Smithiella H.Peragallo, 1901
Solium P.A.C.Heiberg, 1863
Spermatogonia G.Leuduger-Fortmorel, 1892
Sphaerophora (A.H.Hassall) J.Lindley, 1846
Sphaerotermia C.G.Ehrenberg, 1852
Sphenella (Kützing) L.Agassiz, 1843
Sphenella F.T.Kützing, 1844
Sphenoneis V.B.A.Trevisan di San Leon, 1848
Sphenophora (Kützing) L.Agassiz, 1843
Sphenophora F.T.Kützing, 1833
Sphenosira C.G.Ehrenberg, 1843
Sphinctocystis A.H.Hassall, 1845
Spinigera H.Heiden & R.W.Kolbe, 1928
Spinivinculum R.Ross, 1990
Spinodiscus T.V.Desikachary & K.A.Ranjitha Devi, 1986
Staurogramma L.Rabenhorst, 1853
Stauronella C.Mereschkowsky, 1901
Staurosigma A.Grunow ex Rabenhorst, 1864
Stelladiscus J.Rattray, 1890
Stelodiscus S.Komura, 2001
Stenopterotia F.Habirshaw, 1878
Stephanogonia C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Stephanosira C.G.Ehrenberg, 1848
Stichochrysis Pringsheim, 1955
Stichocrysis
Stichostaura C.G.Ehrenberg, 1853
Stictodiscella G.B.De Toni, 1894
Stictolecanon S.Komura, 1999
Stictoneis F.T.Kützing, 1844
Stigmaphora G.C.Wallich, 1860
Stigmaphora hungarica Pantocsek, 1892Stigmaphora lanceolata Wallich, 1860Stigmaphora rostrata Wallich, 1860 Stoschiella C.Gardner & K.Wenderoth, 1966
Stoschiella hebetata C.Gardner & K.Wenderoth, 1996[ 14] Streptommion S.Komura, 1997
Striatocellina Z.I.Glezer, 1988
Strombus F.Schütt ex A.F.Castracane, 1892
Sturtgrovea O.Kuntze, 1898
Stylaria Hooker
Stylobiblium C.G.Ehrenberg, 1845
Styloneis C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Suriraya E.Pfitzer, 1871
Syncyclia C.G.Ehrenberg, 1837
Syndendrium C.G.Ehrenberg, 1845
Syrinx A.C.J.Corda, 1835
Systephania C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Szechenyia J.Pantocsek, 1903
Tabulina J.Brun, 1889
Temperea M.Peragallo, 1908
Temperella F.W.Mills, 1935
Terebraria R.K.Greville, 1864
Tessella C.G.Ehrenberg, 1837
Tetrachaeta C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Tetralophus S.Komura, 2007
Tetramphora C.Mereschkowsky, 1903
Tetrapodiscus C.G.Ehrenberg, 1843
Thaumaleorhabdium V.B.A.Trevisan di San Leon, 1848
Thumia Cleve ex Lefébure & Chenevière, 1938
Thumia P.T.Cleve ex F.B.Taylor, 1929
Tibiella C.E.Bessey, 1900
Tortilaria W.J.Barker & S.H.Meakin, 1948
Toxosira A.de Brébisson ex M.Peragallo, 1903
Triaulacias C.G.Ehrenberg, 1844
Tribrachia A.Mann, 1925
Triceras Lobarzewski
Trifonovia M.S.Kulikovskiy & H.Lange-Bertalot, 2012
Trisystema S.Komura, 2005
Trochosirella S.Komura, 1996
Trochus R.Gersonde & D.M.Harwood, 1990
Tropidosiphonus S.Komura, 1994
Truania J.Pantocsek, 1886
Tschestnovia J.Pantocsek, 1889
Tubaformis Gombos A.M.Jr., 1983
Tubularia J.Brun, 1894
Undatodiscus E.G.Lupikina, 1984
Unguiella S.Komura, 1996
Upothema J.A.Long, D.P.Fuge & J.Smith, 1946
Valdiviella A.F.W.Schimper, 1907
Valdiviella brevicornis Sars G.O., 1905Valdiviella brodskyi Zvereva, 1975Valdiviella ignota Sewell, 1929Valdiviella imperfecta Brodsky, 1950Valdiviella insignis Farran, 1908Valdiviella minor Wolfenden, 1911Valdiviella oligarthra Steuer, 1904 Vanheurckella J.Pantocsek, 1892
奇异范氏藻 Vanheurckella admirabilis Pantocsek, 1892 Vanheurckiella Pantocsek ex M.Peragallo, 1897
Vanhoeffenus H.Heiden & R.W.Kolbe, 1928
Vavia A.Missuna, 1914
Vernadskowia A.Missuna, 1914
Vibrio O.F.Müller, 1773
Vulcanella P.A.Sims & A.D.Mahood, 1998
Weissflogia C.Janisch, 1888
Willemoesia F.Castracane, 1886
Williamsella C.L.Graeff, J.P.Kociolek & S.R.Rushforth, 2013
Wittia J.Pantocsek, 1889
Xanthioisthmus I.Suto, 2006
Xanthiopsis F.Wolle, 1890
Xanthiopyxis (C.G.Ehrenberg) C.G.Ehrenberg, 1845
Zotheca J.Pantocsek, 1902
各种硅藻的表面。
扫描电子显微镜 拍摄。
（A：左上）
Biddulphia reticulata （B：左下）Diploneis sp.
（C：右上）Eupodiscus radiatus
（D：右下）Melosira varians
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