美国是世界上宗教最多元化的国家之一，不论是本土信仰还是外来信仰都能在美国蓬勃发展。[156]大多数美国人表示，宗教在他们的生活中扮演着“非常重要”的角色，这在发达国家中并不常见，但在美洲国家中却十分普遍。[157]美国是第一个禁止设立国教的国家，其宪法第一修正案禁止联邦政府制定任何法律来确立国教或禁止信教自由。[158]该法条是少数宗教团体和各州人民争取的结果，也受到了新教和理性主义的影响。美国最高法院解释道，该法条的设立是为了防止政府以公权力干涉宗教。此外，美国宪法第六条第三款规定：合众国政府之任何职位或公职，不得以任何宗教标准作为任职的必要条件。该法条以弗吉尼亚宗教自由法令（英语：Virginia Statute for Religious Freedom）为范本。[159]
Smith, Dr. Claire M. These are our Numbers: Civilian Americans Overseas and Voter Turnout(PDF). OVF Research Newsletter. Overseas Vote Foundation. August 2010 [2012-12-11]. （原始内容(PDF)存档于2013-10-24）. Previous research indicates that the number of U.S. Americans living in Mexico is around 1 million, with 600,000 of those living in Mexico City.
Barrie McKenna. Tax amnesty offered to Americans in Canada. The Globe and Mail (Ottawa). 2012-06-27 [2012-12-17]. （原始内容存档于2021-05-01）. There are roughly a million Americans in Canada – many with little or no ties to the United States.
Population Division, Department of Economic and Social Affairs. Table 1. Total migrant stock at mid-year by origin and by major area, region, country, or a area of destination, 1990-2017 (报告). United Nations. December 2017 [2019-06-29]. International Migration. （原始内容存档(PDF)于2007-02-14）. HV1731 2,694 United Nations Population Division. Origins and Destinations of the World's Migrants, 1990-2017 (报告). Pew Research Center: Global Attitudes & Trends. 2018-02-28 [2019-06-29]. （原始内容存档于2019-06-30）. United States <10,000 Gottipati, Sruthi. Expats Flock to India Seeking Jobs, Excitement. The New York Times. 2012-02-08 [2019-03-20]. （原始内容存档于2019-03-21）. While 35,973 U.S. citizens (not including those eligible for special visas available for Americans of Indian origin) registered in 2008, 41,938 did so the following year, according to the latest figures available with the Ministry of Home Affairs. White House. The United States and India — Prosperity Through Partnership. whitehouse.gov. 2017-06-26 [2019-03-19]. （原始内容存档于2022-02-27） –通过National Archives. Today, nearly 4 million Indian-Americans reside in the United States and over 700,000 U.S. citizens live in India. Last year, the United States Government issued nearly one million visas to Indian citizens, and facilitated 1.7 million visits by Indian citizens to the United States.
Evan S. Medeiros; Keith Crane; Eric Heginbotham; Norman D. Levin; Julia F. Lowell. Pacific Currents: The Responses of U.S. Allies and Security Partners in East Asia to Chinaâ€TMs Rise. Rand Corporation. 2008-11-07: 115 [2021-09-06]. ISBN 978-0-8330-4708-3. （原始内容存档于2020-07-25）. An estimated 4 million Filipino-Americans, most of whom are U.S. citizens or dual citizens, live in the United States, and over 250,000 U.S. citizens live in the Philippines. New U.S. ambassador to PH aims to 'strengthen' ties. CNN Philippines (Metro Manila). 2016-12-02 [2017-03-20]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-21）. According to his figures, there are about 4 million Filipino-Americans residing in the U.S., and 250,000 Americans living and working in the Philippines. Lozada, Aaron. New U.S. envoy: Relationship with PH 'most important'. ABS-CBN News (Manila). 2016-12-02 [2017-03-20]. （原始内容存档于2017-03-21）. According to Kim, the special relations between the U.S. and the Philippines is evident in the "four million Filipino-Americans who are residing in the United States and 250,000 Americans living and working in the Philippines." International Business Publications, USA. Philippines Business Law Handbook: Strategic Information and Laws. Int'l Business Publications. 2013-08-01: 29 [2021-09-06]. ISBN 978-1-4387-7078-9. （原始内容存档于2017-03-22）. An estimated 600,000 Americans visit the Philippines each year, while an estimated 300,000 reside in-country. Kapoor, Kanupriya; Dela Cruz, Enrico. Americans in Philippines jittery as Duterte rails against United States. Reuters (奥隆阿波). 2016-10-17 [2018-04-20]. （原始内容存档于2018-04-21）. About four million people of Philippine ancestry live in the United States, one of its largest minorities, and about 220,000 Americans, many of them military veterans, live in the Philippines. An additional 650,000 visit each year, according to U.S. State Department figures. FACT SHEET: United States-Philippines Bilateral Relations. U.S. Embassy in the Philippines. United States Department of State. 2014-04-28 [2018-04-20]. （原始内容存档于2017-02-17）. Around 350,000 Americans reside in the Philippines, and approximately 600,000 U.S. citizens visit the country each year.
Cooper, Matthew. Why the Philippines Is America's Forgotten Colony. National Journal. 2013-11-15 [2015-01-28]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-07）. c. At the same time, person-to-person contacts are widespread: Some 600,000 Americans live in the Philippines and there are 3 million Filipino-Americans, many of whom are devoting themselves to typhoon relief.
Americans in France. 美国驻法国大使馆. United States Department of State. [2015-04-26]. （原始内容存档于2015-04-18）. Today, although no official figure is available it is estimated that over 150,000 American citizens reside in France, making France one of the top 10 destinations for American expatriates.
Daphna Berman. Need an appointment at the U.S. Embassy? Get on line!. Haaretz. 2008-01-23 [2012-12-11]. （原始内容存档于2015-09-24）. According to estimates, some 200,000 American citizens live in Israel and the Palestinian territories.
Michele Chabin. In vitro babies denied U.S. citizenship. USA Today (Jerusalem). 2012-03-19 [2012-12-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-29）. Most of the 200,000 U.S. citizens in Israel have dual citizenship, and fertility treatments are common because they are free.
U.S. Citizen Services. Embassy of the United States Seoul, Korea. United States Department of State. [2012-12-11]. （原始内容存档于2012-11-30）. This website is updated daily and should be your primary resource when applying for a passport, Consular Report of Birth Abroad, notarization, or any of the other services we offer to the estimated 120,000 U.S. citizens traveling, living, and working in Korea. North Korea propaganda video depicts invasion of South Korea, US hostage taking. Advertiser. Agence France-Presse. 2013-03-22 [2013-03-23]. （原始内容存档于2023-01-12）. According to official immigration figures, South Korea has an American population of more than 130,000 civilians and 28,000 troops.
Background Note: Costa Rica. Bureau of Western Hemisphere Affairs. United States Department of State. 2012-04-09 [2012-12-11]. （原始内容存档于2021-07-07）. Over 130,000 private American citizens, including many retirees, reside in the country and more than 700,000 American citizens visit Costa Rica annually. Bloom, Laura Begley. More Americans are fleeing to cheap faraway places. New York Post. 2018-07-31 [2020-02-19]. （原始内容存档于2020-02-20）. Approximately 120,000 citizens live in this stable country, many as retirees, according to the State Department.
Colombia (03/28/13). United States Department of State. [2014-02-27]. （原始内容存档于2013-04-20）. Based on Colombian statistics, an estimated 60,000 U.S. citizens reside in Colombia and 280,000 U.S. citizens travel, study and do business in Colombia each year.
Hong Kong (10/11/11). Previous Editions of Hong Kong Background Note. United States Department of State. 2011-10-11 [2012-12-11]. （原始内容存档于2020-11-02）. There are some 1,400 U.S. firms, including 817 regional operations (288 regional headquarters and 529 regional offices), and over 60,000 American residents in Hong Kong.
Argentina (03/12/12). Previous Editions of Argentina Background Note. United States Department of State. 2012-03-12 [2012-12-24]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-29）. The Embassy's Consular Section monitors the welfare and whereabouts of some 37,000 U.S. citizen residents of Argentina and more than 500,000 U.S. tourists each year.
Bahamas, The (01/25/12). Previous Editions of Panama Background Note. United States Department of State. 2012-01-25 [2012-12-29]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-27）. The countries share ethnic and cultural ties, especially in education, and The Bahamas is home to approximately 30,000 American residents.
Kate King. U.S. family: Get us out of Lebanon. CNN. 2006-07-18 [2012-02-14]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-06）. About 350 of the estimated 25,000 American citizens in Lebanon had been flown to Cyprus from the U.S. Embassy in Beirut by nightfall Tuesday, Maura Harty, the assistant secretary of state for consular affairs, told reporters.
Panama (03/09). Previous Editions of Panama Background Note. United States Department of State. March 2009 [2012-12-17]. （原始内容存档于2020-06-29）. About 25,000 American citizens reside in Panama, many retirees from the Panama Canal Commission and individuals who hold dual nationality.
El Salvador (01/10). United States Department of State. [2014-04-11]. （原始内容存档于2014-04-13）. More than 19,000 American citizens live and work full-time in El Salvador
Luis Lug; Sandra Stencel; John Green; Gregory Smith; Dan Cox; Allison Pond; Tracy Miller; Elixabeth Podrebarac; Michelle Ralston. U.S. Religious Landscape Survey(PDF). Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life. Pew Research Center. February 2008 [2012-02-12]. （原始内容存档(PDF)于2013-07-05）.
Ricketts v. Attorney General, 897 F.3d 491. Third Circuit: 494 n.3. 2018-07-30 [2021-09-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-12）. While all citizens are nationals, not all nationals are citizens.
Fernandez v. Keisler, 502 F.3d 337. Fourth Circuit: 341. 2007-09-26 [2021-09-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-30）. All citizens of the United States are nationals, but some nationals are not citizens.
8 CFR1003.2(c)(3)(vi) (about filing a "motion to reopen" Removal proceedings（英语：Removal proceedings） with the Board of Immigration Appeals（英语：Board of Immigration Appeals） "based on specific allegations, supported by evidence, that the respondent is a United States citizen or national");
22 CFR51.1 ("U.S. non-citizen national means a person on whom U.S. nationality, but not U.S. citizenship, has been conferred at birth under 8 U.S.C. 1408, or under 判例法 or Refugee Act（英语：Refugee Act）, and who has not subsequently lost such non-citizen nationality.").
Petersen, William; Novak, Michael; Gleason, Philip. Concepts of Ethnicity. Harvard University Press. 1982: 62 [2013-02-01]. ISBN 9780674157262. （原始内容存档于2021-03-14）. ...from Thomas Paine's plea in 1783...to Henry Clay's remark in 1815... "It is hard for us to believe ... how conscious these early Americans were of the job of developing American character out of the regional and generational polaritities and contradictions of a nation of immigrants and migrants." ... To be or to become an American, a person did not have to be of any particular national, linguistic, religious, or ethnic background. All he had to do was to commit himself to the political ideology centered on the abstract ideals of liberty, equality, and republicanism. Thus the universalist ideological character of American nationality meant that it was open to anyone who willed to become an American.
*Fernandez v. Keisler, 502 F.3d 337. Fourth Circuit: 341. 2007-09-26 [2021-09-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-30）. The INA defines 'national of the United States' as '(A) a citizen of the United States, or (B) a person who, though not a citizen of the United States, owes permanent allegiance to the United States.'
Robertson-Dewar v. Mukasey, 599 F. Supp. 2d 772. U.S. District Court for the Western District of Texas: 779 n.3. 2009-02-25 [2021-09-06]. （原始内容存档于2021-08-30）. The [INA] defines naturalization as 'conferring of nationality of a state upon a person after birth, by any means whatsoever.'
U.S. Census Bureau. Foreign-Born Population Frequently asked Questions （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） viewed January 19, 2015. The U.S. Census Bureau uses the terms native and native born to refer to anyone born in Puerto Rico, American Samoa, Guam, the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, or the U.S. Virgin Islands.
Holloway, Joseph E. (2005). Africanisms in American Culture, 2d ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, pp. 18–38. ISBN0-253-34479-4. Johnson, Fern L. (1999). Speaking Culturally: Language Diversity in the United States. Thousand Oaks, California, London, and New Delhi: Sage, p. 116. ISBN0-8039-5912-5.
Lindsay Hixson; Bradford B. Hepler; Myoung Ouk Kim. The White Population: 2010(PDF). United States Census Bureau. United States Department of Commerce. September 2011 [2012-11-20]. （原始内容存档(PDF)于2011-09-30）.
Stanley Lieberson and Lawrence Santi, 'The Use of Nativity Data to Estimate Ethnic Characteristics and Patterns', Social Science Research, Vol. 14, No. 1 (1985), pp. 44-6.
Stanley Lieberson and Mary C. Waters, 'Ethnic Groups in Flux: The Changing Ethnic Responses of American Whites', Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, Vol. 487, No. 79 (September 1986), pp. 82-86.
Sharon R. Ennis; Merarys Ríos-Vargas; Nora G. Albert. The Hispanic Population: 2010(PDF). U.S. Census Bureau: 14 (Table 6). May 2011 [2011-07-11]. （原始内容存档(PDF)于2018-01-27）.
"History Crash Course #55: Jews and the Founding of America" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Spiro, Rabbi Ken. Aish.com. Published December 8, 2001. Accessed December 12, 2015. "The first Jews arrived in America with Columbus in 1492, and we also know that Jews newly-converted to Christianity were among the first Spaniards to arrive in Mexico with Conquistador Hernando Cortez in 1519."
"Arab Americans: An Integral Part of American Society" （页面存档备份，存于互联网档案馆） Arab American National Museum. Published 2009. Accessed December 12, 2015. "Zammouri, the first Arab American...traveled over 6,000 miles between 1528 and 1536, trekking across the American Southwest."
Ira Sheskin; Arnold Dashefsky. Jewish Population in the United States, 2010(PDF). Mandell L. Berman Institute North American Jewish Data Bank, Center for Judaic Studies and Contemporary Jewish Life, University of Connecticut. Brandeis University. 2010 [2015-11-16]. （原始内容存档(PDF)于2020-10-25）. |issue=被忽略 (帮助)
Humes, Karen R.; Jones, Nicholas A.; Ramirez, Roberto R. Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2010(PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. [2011-03-28]. （原始内容存档(PDF)于2011-04-29）. "Hispanic or Latino" refers to a person of Cuban, Mexican, Puerto Rican, South or Central American, or other Spanish culture or origin regardless of race.
Sharon R. Ennis; Merarys Ríos-Vargas; Nora G. Albert. The Hispanic Population: 2010(PDF). United States Census Bureau. United States Department of Commerce. May 2011 [2012-09-09]. （原始内容存档(PDF)于2018-01-27）.
Sonya Tastogi; Tallese D. Johnson; Elizabeth M. Hoeffel; Malcolm P. Drewery, Jr. The Black Population: 2010(PDF). United States Census Bureau. United States Department of Commerce. September 2011 [September 11, 2012]. （原始内容存档(PDF)于2019-01-31）.
Hune, Shirley; Takeuchi, David T.; Andresen, Third; Hong, Seunghye; Kang, Julie; Redmond, Mavae'Aho; Yeo, Jeomja. Asian Americans in Washington State: Closing Their Hidden Achievement Gaps(PDF). Commission on Asian Pacific American Affairs. State of Washington. April 2009 [2012-02-09]. （原始内容(PDF)存档于2010-11-03）.
Tojo Thatchenkery. Asian Americans Under the Model Minority Gaze. International Association of Business Disciplines National Conference. modelminority.com. 2000-03-31 [2012-02-26]. （原始内容存档于2012-03-18）.
Lien, Pei-te; Mary Margaret Conway; Janelle Wong. The politics of Asian Americans: diversity and community. Psychology Press. 2004: 7 [2012-02-09]. ISBN 978-0-415-93465-7. （原始内容存档于2021-03-26）. In addition, because of their perceived racial difference, rapid and continuous immigration from Asia, and on going detente with communist regimes in Asia, Asian Americans are construed as "perpetual foreigners" who cannot or will not adapt to the language, customs, religions, and politics of the American mainstream.
Tina Norris; Paula L. Vines; Elizabeth M. Hoeffel. The American Indian and Alaska Native Population: 2010(PDF). United States Census Bureau. United States Department of Commerce. January 2012 [2012-09-09]. （原始内容存档(PDF)于2012-05-05）.
Carl Zimmer. White? Black? A Murky Distinction Grows Still Murkier. The New York Times. 2014-12-24 [2018-10-21]. （原始内容存档于2020-01-15）. The researchers found that European-Americans had genomes that were on average 98.6 percent European, .19 percent African, and .18 Native American.
Bianchine, Peter J.; Russo, Thomas A. The Role of Epidemic Infectious Diseases in the Discovery of America. Allergy and Asthma Proceedings (OceanSide Publications, Inc). 1992, 13 (5): 225–232. PMID 1483570. doi:10.2500/108854192778817040.
Karen R. Humes; Nicholas A. Jones; Roberto R. Ramirez. Overview of Race and Hispanic Origin: 2010(PDF). 2010 Census Briefs. United States Census Bureau. March 2011 [2013-02-22]. （原始内容存档(PDF)于2011-04-29）.
Nocholas A. Jones; Jungmiwka Bullock. The Two or More Races Population: 2010(PDF). United States Census Bureau. United States Department of Commerce. September 2012 [2014-11-18]. （原始内容存档(PDF)于2022-02-06）.
Feldman, Noah (2005). Divided by God. Farrar, Straus and Giroux, pg. 10 ("For the first time in recorded history, they designed a government with no established religion at all.")
Religious Composition of the U.S.(PDF). U.S. Religious Landscape Survey. Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life. 2007 [2009-05-09]. （原始内容存档(PDF)于2009-05-06）.
Carlos E. Cortés. Multicultural America: A Multimedia Encyclopedia. SAGE Publications. 2013-09-03: 220 [2021-09-20]. ISBN 978-1-4522-7626-7. （原始内容存档于2021-11-12）. The dominance of English and Anglo values in U.S. culture is evident in the country's major institutions, demonstrating the melting pot model.
Peter J. Parish. Reader's Guide to American History. Taylor & Francis. January 1997: 276 [2021-09-20]. ISBN 978-1-884964-22-0. （原始内容存档于2021-11-12）. However, France was second only to Britain in its influence upon the formation of American politics and culture.
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