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یونیسکو نے افریقا میں 135 عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ مقامات کو نامزد کیا ہے۔
| مقام | تصویر | جگہ | یونیسکو عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ | رقبہ ہیکٹر (ایکڑ) |
سال | تفصیل |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aapravasi Ghat |  | پورٹ لوئس ضلع, موریشس20°09′31″S 57°30′11″E | ثقافتی: (vi) | 0.16 (0.40) | 2006 | اپرواسی گھاٹ وہ پہلی جگہ تھی جسے برطانوی حکومت نے "عظیم تجربہ" میں حصہ لینے کے لیے منتخب کیا تھا، جہاں غلاموں کی بجائے انڈینچرڈ مزدور کا استعمال کیا گیا تھا۔ 1834 اور 1920 کے درمیان، تقریباً نصف ملین کنٹریکٹڈ ورکرز ہندوستان سے پورٹ لوئس گذرے یا تو ماریشس میں کام کرنے کے لیے یا دوسری برطانوی کالونیوں میں منتقل ہونے کے لیے۔.[1] |
| ابو مینا† | Abusir, مصر30°50′28″N 29°39′47″E | ثقافتی: (iv) | 182 (450) | 1979 | سابق عیسائی مقدس شہر کے کھنڈر میں ایک گرجا گھر، ایک بپتسمہ گاہ، بیسیلیکا، عوامی عمارتیں، سڑکیں، خانقاہیں، مکانات اور ورکشاپس ہیں اور یہ میناس آف اسکندریہ کے مقبرے کے اوپر بنائے گئے تھے۔.[2] عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ کمیٹی نے 2001ء میں ابو مینا کو ایک خطرے سے دوچار جگہ کے طور پر نامزد کیا، سطح پر موجود مٹی کی وجہ سے ہونے والے علاقے میں غاروں کی وجہ سے، جو "زیادہ پانی" سے ملنے پر نیم مائع بن جاتی ہے۔.[3] | |
| Air and Ténéré Natural Reserves† |  | ارلیت محکمہ, نائجر18°N 9°E | قدرتی: (vii), (ix), (x) | 7,736,000 (19,120,000) | 1991 | افریقہ کا سب سے بڑا محفوظ علاقہ، Ténéré کے صحرائے صحارا میں واقع ہے، Aïr کے آتش فشاں چٹان پر مشتمل ہے اور ایک چھوٹی سی الگ تھلگ ساحلان جیب میں منفرد نباتات اور حیوانات ہیں۔.[4] قدرتی ریزرو کو 1992 میں یونیسکو کی عالمی ثقافتی ورثہ کی فہرست میں رکھا گیا تھا، جس کی وجہ فروری میں فوجی تنازعات میں اضافہ اور چھ ریزرو عملے کو یرغمال بنا لیا گیا تھا۔ اس فہرست سے ہٹانے پر 1999 میں غور کیا گیا تھا لیکن 2011ء تک اس کی پوزیشن میں کوئی تبدیلی نہیں آئی۔.[5][6] |
| Aksum |  | تیگراے علاقہ, ایتھوپیا14°07′49″N 38°43′07″E | ثقافتی: (i), (iv) | — | 1980 | The ruins of the city of Aksum, dating from the 1st to the 13th century, mark the heart of ancient Ethiopia and what was the "most powerful state between the Eastern Roman Empire and Persia". It includes monolithic obelisks, giant stelae، royal tombs, and ruins of former castles.[7] |
| Al Qal'a of Beni Hammad |  | ماڈیڈ, الجزائر35°49′06″N 4°47′13″E | ثقافتی: (iii) | 150 (370) | 1980 | The fortified first capital of the Hammadid emirs was originally built in 1007 and demolished in 1152. It features an 8-bay, 13-aisle mosque, which is one of the largest in Algeria.[8] |
| Aldabra Atoll |  | الدابرا گروپ, سیشیلز9°25′00″S 46°25′00″E | قدرتی: (vii), (ix), (x) | 35,000 (86,000) | 1982 | The Aldabra Atoll consists of four large coral islands and a lagoon, surrounded by a coral reef. The islands are home to the world's largest population of giant tortoises.[9] |
| الجم |  | الجم، تونس35°17′47″N 10°42′25″E | ثقافتی: (iv), (vi) | — | 1979 | The Amphitheatre of El Jem, built during the 3rd century, is North Africa's largest amphitheatre, and the largest one built outside of Italy, with a capacity of 35,000 spectators, and "illustrates the grandeur and extent of Imperial Rome."[10] |
| Ancient Ksour of وادان, شنقیط, تیشیت and ولاتہ |  | شنقیط, وادان, ولاتہ, and تیشیت،  موریتانیہ20°55′44″N 11°37′25″W | ثقافتی: (iii), (iv), (v) | — | 1996 | "Founded in the 11th and 12th centuries to serve the caravans crossing the Sahara, these trading and religious centres became focal points of Islamic culture. [...] Typically, houses with patios crowd along narrow streets around a mosque with a square minaret. They illustrate a traditional way of life centred on the nomadic culture of the people of the western Sahara."[11] |
| طيبہ with its Necropolis |  | قنا, مصر 25°44′00″N 32°36′00″E | ثقافتی: (i), (iii), (vi) | 7,390 (18,300) | 1979 | The former capital of Egypt and city of the Egyptian god آمون contains relics from the height of قدیم مصر. The temples, palaces and the necropolises of the Valley of the Kings and the Valley of the Queens bear "a striking testimony to Egyptian civilization." [12] |
| قرطاج |  | تونس شہر, تونس 36°51′10″N 10°19′24″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (vi) | — | 1979 | Founded in the 9th century BCE, Carthage was developed into a trading empire spanning the بحیرہ روم, and was, according to UNESCO, "home to a brilliant civilization." The city was destroyed in 146 BCE in the Punic Wars at the hands of the Romans, but was later rebuilt by these.[13] |
| Archaeological Site of Cyrene |  | Jebel Akhdar, لیبیا32°49′30″N 21°51′30″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (vi) | — | 1982 | The formerly Greek colony was قدیم روم and transformed into a capital, until it was destroyed by an earthquake in 365. The thousand-year-old ruins have remained renowned since the 18th century.[14] |
| لبدہ کبری |  | خمس، لیبیا, لیبیا 32°38′18″N 14°17′35″E | ثقافتی: (i), (ii), (iii) | — | 1982 | The Roman city of Leptis Magna was enlarged by Emperor سیپٹیمیوس سیورس، who was born there. Public monuments, a harbour, a marketplace, storehouses, shops, and homes were among the reasons for its induction into the list.[15] |
| صبراتہ |  | صبراتہ، لیبیا 32°48′19″N 12°29′06″E | ثقافتی: (iii) | — | 1982 | "A Phoenician trading-post that served as an outlet for the products of the African hinterland, Sabratha was part of the short-lived Numidian Kingdom of Massinissa before being Romanized and rebuilt in the 2nd and 3rd centuries."[16] |
| ولیلی |  | مکناس, المغرب34°04′26″N 5°33′25″W | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (iv), (vi) | 42 (100) | 1997 | The important Roman outpost of Volubilis was founded in the 3rd century BCE to become the capital of موریتانیہ. It contained many buildings, the remains of which have survived extensively to this day.[17] |
| Archaeological Sites of the Island of Meroe |  | مرواہ, سوڈان16°56′00″N 33°43′00″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) | 2,357 (5,820) | 2011 | The site was the centre of the مملکت کوش، a major force active from the 8th century BCE to the 4th century CE. It is home to pyramids, temples, and domestic buildings, among other vestiges.[18] |
| Asante Traditional Buildings |  | کوماسی, گھانا6°24′04″N 1°37′33″W | ثقافتی: (v) | — | 1980 | The site, north-east of کوماسی, hosts the final intact remains of the سلطنت اشانتی، which peaked in the 18th century. The dwellings, which are made of earth, wood, and straw, are susceptible to the damages caused by the "onslaught of time and weather."[19] |
| Banc d'Arguin National Park |  | Azefal and نواذیبو, موریتانیہ20°14′05″N 16°06′32″W | قدرتی: (ix), (x) | 1,200,000 (3,000,000) | 1989 | The park consists of sand dunes, coastal swamps, small islands, and shallow bodies of water; all bordering the coast of the Atlantic Ocean. Birds are often found to migrate in the area, accompanied by various species of sea turtles and dolphins, whose presence fishermen often use to attract fish.[20] |
| Bassari Country: Bassari, Fula and Bedik Cultural Landscapes |  |  سینیگال12°35′36″N 12°50′45″W | ثقافتی: (iii), (v), (vi) | 50,309 (124,320) | 2012 | [21] |
| Bwindi Impenetrable National Park |  | کابالے ضلع, کیسورو ضلع, and روکونگیری ضلع,  یوگنڈا1°04′50″S 29°39′41″E | قدرتی: (vii), (x) | 32,092 (79,300) | 1994 | Located on the border of plain and mountain forests, the park in south-western Uganda is home to over 160 species of trees, over a hundred species of ferns, and various species of birds and butterflies. Many endangered species are within its boundaries as well, including the mountain gorilla.[22] |
| Cape Floral Region Protected Areas |  | مشرقی کیپ and مغربی کیپ،  جنوبی افریقا34°21′40″S 18°28′30″E | قدرتی: (ix), (x) | 553,000 (1,370,000) | 2004 | The site consists of eight protected areas that are among the richest in plant life worldwide, containing nearly 20% of Africa's total flora. Its scientific value is demonstrated by the presence of fire and radiation adaptivity in plants and seed dispersal by insects.[23] |
| Chongoni Rock-Art Area |  | Dedza District, ملاوی14°17′36″S 34°16′45″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (vi) | 12,640 (31,200) | 2006 | The 127-site area contains the richest concentration of rock art in Central Africa, ranging from پتھر کا دور paintings to contemporary work from farmers. The symbols depicted in the rock art are strongly centred around women, and retain a cultural significance for the Chewa.[24] |
| Cidade Velha, Historic Centre of Ribeira Grande |  | Ribeira Grande، کیپ ورڈی14°54′55″N 23°36′19″W | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (vi) | 209 (520) | 2009 | The town, south of the island of Santiago, was the first European colonial outpost in the tropics, with remains dating back to the 16th century. Two churches, a royal fortress, and Pillary Square help comprise the tropical town's original street layout.[25] |
| Cliff of Bandiagara (Land of the Dogons) |  | باندیاگارا سرکل، مالی14°20′00″N 3°25′00″W | Mixed: (v), (vii) | 327,390 (809,000) | 1989 | The sandy plateau and cliffs of Bandiagara outline the site, featuring houses, granaries, altars, sanctuaries, and Togu-Na meeting-places. Age-old social traditions such as masks, feasts, rituals, and ancestral worship also add to its cultural significance.[26] |
| Comoé National Park† |  | Zanzan, آئیوری کوسٹ9°N 4°E | قدرتی: (ix), (x) | 1,150,000 (2,800,000) | 1983 | Among the largest protected sites of West Africa, the park features the Comoé River and the unique flora which accompanies it.[27] The site was placed on UNESCO's List of World Heritage in Danger in 2003, due to unrest in Côte d'Ivoire, and various other factors such as غیر قانونی شکار, wildfires, lack of proper management of the site, and overgrazing.[28] |
| Dja Faunal Reserve |  | جا اے کوبو and اوت نیونگ,  کیمرون3°N 13°E | قدرتی: (ix), (x) | 526,000 (1,300,000) | 1987 | Among Africa's largest and best protected rain forests, the Cameroonian reserve is almost completely surrounded by the Dja River and contains 107 mammal species, of which five are threatened.[29] |
| Djémila |  | سطیف, الجزائر 36°19′14″N 5°44′12″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (iv) | 30 (74) | 1982 | The ruins of a Roman town in a mountainous location, including a forum, temples, basilicas, triumphal arches and houses, each adapted to a location 900 میٹر (3,000 فٹ) above sea level.[30] |
| Djoudj National Bird Sanctuary |  | سینٹ-لوئیس علاقہ, سینیگال 16°30′00″N 16°10′00″W | قدرتی: (vii), (x) | 16,000 (40,000) | 1981 | The دریائے سینیگال delta wetland area consists of streams, lakes, ponds and backwaters. It is the home to 1.5 million birds, including the great white pelican, the purple heron, the African spoonbill, the great egret, and کارمورنٹs. The sanctuary also features crocodiles, African manatees, and other typical ساحلian species.[31] |
| Dougga / Thugga |  | باجا, تونس 36°25′25″N 9°13′13″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii) | 70 (170) | 1997 | The site features the ruins of Dougga, a former capital of a لیبیاn–Punic state, which flourished under قدیم روم and the بازنطینی سلطنت, but declined in the اسلامی عہدِ زریں.[32] |
| Ecosystem and Relict Cultural Landscape of Lopé-Okanda |  | اوگوئی اویندو صوبہ and اوگوئی لولو صوبہ،  گیبون0°30′N 11°30′E | Mixed: (iii), (iv), (ix), (x) | 491,291 (1,214,010) | 2007 | The park features well-preserved tropical rain forests and savanna, resulting in a diverse ecosystem consisting of endangered, large mammals.[33] |
| Fasil Ghebbi, Gondar Region |  | امہارا علاقہ, ایتھوپیا 12°36′25″N 37°27′58″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii) | — | 1979 | The fortress was the residence of the Ethiopian emperors during the 16th and 17th century. The city remains, which feature buildings with Hindu and مسلم فن تعمیر influences, were later remodelled with Baroque-style architecture by یسوعی missionaries.[34] |
| Fort Jesus, Mombasa |  | ممباسا, کینیا4°03′46″S 39°40′46″E | ثقافتی: (i), (iv) | 161,485 (399,040) | 2011 | Fort Jesus is a پرتگال fort built from 1593 to 1596 on Mombasa Island to guard the old port of Mombasa, Kenya. The site's layout follows the نشاۃ ثانیہ ideal that the human body is perfectly proportionate.[35] |
| Forts and Castles, Volta, Greater Accra, Central and Western Regions |  | وسطی علاقہ (گھانا), عظیم اکرا علاقہ, وولٹا علاقہ, and مغربی علاقہ (گھانا)، گھانا5°14′51″N 0°47′07″W | ثقافتی: (vi) | — | 1979 | The site features the remains of fortified trading posts, built along the Ghanaian coast between 1482 and 1786.[36] |
| Fossil Hominid Sites of South Africa[lower-alpha 1] |  | گاؤتنگ, لیمپوپو, and شمال مغربی (جنوبی افریقی صوبہ)، جنوبی افریقا24°09′31″S 29°10′37″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (vi) | — | 1999 | The various fossil sites contain traces of human occupation and evolution dating 3.3 million years.[37] |
| Garajonay National Park |  | لا گومیرا, ہسپانیہ28°07′34″N 17°14′14″W | قدرتی: (vii), (ix) | 3,984 (9,840) | 1986 | Most of the park, in the middle of the island of La Gomera of the جزائر کناری, is covered with a lush laurel forest.[38] |
| Garamba National Park† |  | اورینتال صوبہ, جمہوری جمہوریہ کانگو4°00′N 29°15′E | قدرتی: (vii), (x) | 500,000 (1,200,000) | 1980 | The park has vast savannas, grasslands and woodland, featuring elephants, giraffes, hippopotamuses and the سفید گینڈا.[39] Garamba was deemed to be endangered following the diminution of the white rhinoceros population in the area,[40] but it was removed from the list in 1991.[41] However, it later regained the status in 1996, when three rangers were killed and the population of white rhinoceros fell once again.[42][43] |
| Gebel Barkal and the Sites of the Napatan Region |  | مرواہ, سوڈان 18°32′00″N 31°49′00″E | ثقافتی: (i), (ii), (iii), (iv), (vi) | 183 (450) | 2003 | The five sites in the دریائے نیل feature temples that are testimonial to the نبتہn and Meroitic cultures.[44] |
| Gough and Inaccessible Islands |  | سینٹ ہلینا، اسینشن و ترسٹان دا کونیا, مملکت متحدہ40°19′29″S 9°55′43″W | قدرتی: (vii), (x) | 7,900 (20,000) | 1995 | The site represent one of the least-disrupted islands and marine ecosystems in the معتدل آب و ہوا. The cliffs are free of introduced mammals and feature one of the world's largest colonies of seabirds.[45] |
| Great Zimbabwe National Monument |  | ماسونگو صوبہ, زمبابوے20°17′00″S 30°56′00″E | ثقافتی: (i), (iii), (vi) | 722 (1,780) | 1986 | The city, now in ruins, was an important trading center between the 11th and 15th centuries, and was capital of the Bantu civilization.[46] |
| ہرار |  | ہراری علاقہ، ایتھوپیا 9°18′32″N 42°08′16″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) | 48 (120) | 2006 | The city is on a plateau and surrounded by gorges and savanna. It contains 82 mosques, 102 shrines, and unique interior design in the townhouses. It is said to be the fourth-holiest city of Islam.[47] |
| قاہرہ المعز |  | قاہرہ, مصر 30°03′00″N 31°15′40″E | ثقافتی: (i), (v), (vi) | 524 (1,290) | 1979 | One of the world's oldest Islamic cities and in the middle of urban Cairo, the site dates from the 10th century and reached its golden age in the 14th century. It contains mosques, مدرسہ, ترکی حمام and fountains.[48] |
| Historic Centre of Agadez |  | تچیروزیرینے محکمہ، نائجر 16°58′25″N 7°59′29″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii) | 78 (190) | 2013 | [49] |
| مکناس |  | مکناس، المغرب 33°53′00″N 5°33′30″W | ثقافتی: (iv) | — | 1996 | The former capital was founded in the 11th century and turned into a city with Spanish-Moorish influence during the 17th and 18th centuries.[50] |
| Historic Town of Grand-Bassam |  | جنوبی کوموے، آئیوری کوسٹ 5°11′45″N 3°44′11″W | ثقافتی: (iii), (iv) | 110 (270) | 2012 | A colonial town built during the 19th and 20th centuries, Grand-Bassam was the first Ivorian capital following French rule in the region. Its quarters, which specialised in commerce, administration and general housing, helped the city become the economic and judicial hub of the country, in addition to being its most important port.[51] |
| Ichkeul National Park |  | بنزرت, تونس 37°09′49″N 9°40′29″E | قدرتی: (x) | 12,600 (31,000) | 1980 | Ichkeul Lake and the surrounding wetlands is a destination for hundreds of thousands of migrating birds, including ducks, geese, storks and pink flamingos. It was once part of a chain that extended across North Africa.[52] |
| iSimangaliso Wetland Park |  | کوازولو نیٹل, جنوبی افریقا 27°50′20″S 32°33′00″E | قدرتی: (vii), (ix), (x) | 239,566 (591,980) | 1999 | The park features a variety of landforms, including مرجانی جل پتھرs, long sandy beaches, coastal dunes, lake systems, and papyrus wetland, caused by fluvial, marine and aeolian processes.[53] |
| Island of Gorée |  | ڈاکار علاقہ، سینیگال 14°40′02″N 17°24′03″W | ثقافتی: (vi) | — | 1978 | The island was the largest slave-trading center on the African coast from the 15th to the 19th century.[54] |
| Island of Mozambique |  | Nampula، موزمبیق15°02′03″S 40°44′09″E | ثقافتی: (iv), (vi) | — | 1991 | The fortified former Portuguese trading post has used the same architectural techniques, style, and materials since the 16th century.[55] |
| Island of Saint-Louis |  | سینٹ-لوئیس علاقہ, سینیگال 16°01′40″N 16°30′16″W | ثقافتی: (ii), (iv) | — | 2000 | The French colonial settlement from the 17th century is on an island in the mouth of the دریائے سینیگال. It played an important role in the culture and economy of West Africa.[56] |
| Kahuzi-Biega National Park† |  | مانیما and جنوبی کیوو, جمہوری جمہوریہ کانگو2°30′N 28°45′E | قدرتی: (x) | 600,000 (1,500,000) | 1980 | The park is dominated by two extinct volcanoes, Kahuzi and Biega. It also has abundant fauna, including the graueria gorillas.[57] The park was deemed to be endangered in 1997 when deforestation and hunting became a major problem. Militia groups and illegal settlers were also settling in the park, while fire and poaching helped justify the World Heritage Committee's decision.[58] |
| قیروان |  | قیروان, تونس 35°40′54″N 10°06′14″E | ثقافتی: (i), (ii), (iii), (v), (vi) | — | 1988 | The former capital was founded in 670 and flourished in the 9th century. Its heritage includes the جامع القیروان الاکبر and the Mosque of the Three Gates.[59] |
| قصبہ، الجزائر |  | الجزائر شہر, الجزائر 36°47′00″N 3°03′37″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (v) | 60 (150) | 1992 | A unique Islamic city on the بحیرہ روم coast, the former site overlooks the قرطاج trading posts of the 4th century BCE. It contains remains of a citadel, old mosques, and Ottoman-style palaces.[60] |
| Kenya Lake System in the Great Rift Valley |  | رفٹ ویلی صوبہ, کینیا 0°26′33″N 36°14′24″E | قدرتی: (viii), (x) | 161,485 (399,040) | 2011 | Located in the Great Rift Valley, Kenya, the site features three lakes: Lake Bogoria, Lake Nakuru and Lake Elementaita. A highly diverse population of birds, including thirteen threatened species, frequent the area.[61][62] |
| Khami Ruins National Monument |  | Matabeleland، زمبابوے 20°09′30″S 28°22′36″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (iv) | — | 1986 | The city was built after the mid-16th century and was an important trading center.[63] |
| Kilimanjaro National Park |  | کلیمنجارو علاقہ, تنزانیہ3°04′00″S 37°22′00″E | قدرتی: (vii) | 75,575 (186,750) | 1987 | The volcanic massif کلیمنجارو is Africa's highest point at 5,895 میٹر (19,341 فٹ)، and is surrounded by a park with savanna and forest featuring numerous mammals.[64] |
| Kondoa Rock-Art Sites | Kondoa district, تنزانیہ 4°43′28″S 35°50′02″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (vi) | 233,600 (577,000) | 2006 | Two millennia of rock carving, many of high artistic value, have been found at 150 shelters in the site. They tell the tale of socio-economic development from hunter-gatherer to agro-pastoralism.[65] | |
| Konso Cultural Landscape |  | جنوبی اقوام، قومیتیں، اور عوامی علاقہ، ایتھوپیا 5°18′N 37°24′E | ثقافتی: (iii), (v) | 14,000 (35,000) | 2011 | The site features 55 کلومیٹر (180,000 فٹ) of stonewalled terraces and fortified settlements in the Konso highlands of Ethiopia.[66] |
| Koutammakou, the Land of the Batammariba |  | کارا علاقہ, ٹوگو10°04′00″N 1°08′00″E | ثقافتی: (v), (vi) | 50,000 (120,000) | 2004 | The Batammariba's mud tower houses have become a symbol of Togo. They range up to two stories and feature spherical granaries.[67] |
| آیت بن حدو |  | آیت بن حدو, المغرب 31°02′50″N 7°07′44″W | ثقافتی: (iv), (v) | 3 (7.4) | 1987 | The ksar is an example of a traditional pre-Saharan habitat, surrounded by high walls and reinforced with corner towers.[68] |
| Kunta Kinteh Island and Related Sites[lower-alpha 2] |  | بانجول, Lower Niumi, and Upper Niumi,  گیمبیا13°18′58″N 16°21′26″W | ثقافتی: (iii), (vi) | 8 (20) | 2003 | The site is a testimony to the encounters between Africa and Europe from pre-colonial times to independence along the دریائے گمبیا.[69] |
| Lake Malawi National Park |  | Central Region and Southern Region, ملاوی14°02′00″S 34°53′00″E | قدرتی: (vii), (ix), (x) | 9,400 (23,000) | 1984 | جھیل ملاوی contains hundreds of fish species, mostly endemic.[70] |
| Lakes of Ounianga |  | انیدی علاقہ، چاڈ19°03′18″N 20°30′20″E | قدرتی: (vii) | 62,808 (155,200) | 2012 | The Lakes of Ounianga are a series of 18 lakes located in the Sahara desert, in North-Eastern Chad. They exhibit a variety of sizes, depths, chemical compositions and colorations, and some of them are home to aquatic fauna.[71] |
| Lake Turkana National Parks |  | جھیل ٹرکانا, کینیا 3°03′05″N 36°30′13″E | قدرتی: (viii), (x) | 161,485 (399,040) | 1997 | Turkana, as Africa's largest نمکین پانی lake, is an important area for the study of fauna and flora. It is a breeding ground for the Nile crocodile, دریائی گھوڑا and several venomous snakes.[72] |
| Lamu Old Town |  | Lamu, کینیا 2°16′05″S 40°54′07″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iv), (vi) | 16 (40) | 2001 | The town is the oldest Swahili settlement, and is built in coral stone and mangrove timber. It features inner courtyards, verandas, and elaborate wooden doors.[73] |
| Laurisilva of Madeira |  | مادیعیرا, پرتگال32°46′00″N 17°00′00″W | قدرتی: (ix), (x) | 15,000 (37,000) | 1999 | The site is the largest surviving area of laurel forest. It consists of approximately 90% old-growth forest and is home to endemic species such as the Madeiran long-toed pigeon.[74] |
| Le Morne Cultural Landscape |  | ریویر نوار ضلع، موریشس 20°27′07″S 57°19′42″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (vi) | 349 (860) | 2008 | The rugged mountain that juts into the ocean was used as a shelter by runaway slaves through the 18th and early 19th centuries. They formed small settlements in the caves and on its summit.[75] |
| Lower Valley of the Awash |  | افار علاقہ, ایتھوپیا 11°06′00″N 40°34′46″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (iv) | — | 1980 | Palaentological findings from at least four million years ago, such as Lucy، give evidence of human evolution.[76] |
| Lower Valley of the Omo |  | جنوبی اقوام، قومیتیں، اور عوامی علاقہ, ایتھوپیا 4°48′00″N 35°58′00″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (iv) | — | 1980 | The prehistoric site near جھیل ٹرکانا is the location of many fossil findings, such as Homo gracilis.[77] |
| M'Zab Valley |  | غرادیہ, الجزائر 32°29′00″N 3°41′00″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (v) | 4,000 (9,900) | 1982 | The intact, traditional human habitat was built around five ksour in the 10th century by the اباضیہes.[78] |
| Maloti-Drakensberg Park |  | Qacha's Nek District, لیسوتھو*کوازولو نیٹل، جنوبی افریقا*29°45′55″S 29°07′23″E | Mixed: (i), (iii), (vii), (x) | 249,313 (616,070) | 2000 | The park features incisive dramatic cutbacks, golden sandstone ramparts, and the largest concentration of cave art in Sub-Saharan Africa.[79] |
| Mana Pools National Park, Sapi and Chewore Safari Areas |  | ماتابیلےلینڈ شمالی صوبہ, زمبابوے 15°49′10″S 29°24′29″E | قدرتی: (vii), (ix), (x) | 676,600 (1,672,000) | 1984 | The park, located on the banks of the Zambezi River, features a variety of wild animals, such as افریقی بھینس, leopards, cheetahs and Nile crocodiles.[80] |
| Manovo-Gounda St. Floris National Park† |  | بامینگوئی-بانگوران, وسطی افریقی جمہوریہ9°00′N 21°30′E | قدرتی: (ix), (x) | 1,740,000 (4,300,000) | 1988 | The park features vast savannas with a wealth of flora and fauna, such as black rhinoceros, ہاتھیs, چیتاs, تیندواs, wild dogs, red-fronted gazelles and buffalo.[81] The site was placed on the List of World Heritage in Danger in 1997 due to grazing and غیر قانونی شکار that is thought to have claimed 80% of the wildlife in the park. Also cited was the shooting of four park staff and "a general state of deteriorating security".[82] |
| Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape |  | لیمپوپو, جنوبی افریقا 22°11′33″S 29°14′20″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (iv), (v) | 28,168 (69,600) | 2003 | The open savanna landscape lies at the confluence of the دریائے لیمپوپو and Shashe Rivers. It was the heart of the Mapungubwe Kingdom until the 14th century, when the area was abandoned, leaving untouched remains of palaces and settlements.[83] |
| Matobo Hills |  | ماتابیلےلینڈ جنوبی صوبہ, زمبابوے 20°30′S 28°30′E | ثقافتی: (iii), (v), (vi) | 205,000 (510,000) | 2003 | The large boulders have been used as natural shelters since the early پتھر کا دور and feature a collection of rock paintings.[84] |
| Medina of Essaouira (formerly Mogador) |  | صویرہ، المغرب 31°31′00″N 9°46′10″W | ثقافتی: (ii), (iv) | 30 (74) | 2001 | The fortified seaport built during the late 18th century has a mix of North African and European architecture, and was a major trading hub between the Sahara and Europe.[85] |
| Medina of Fez |  | فاس، المغرب 34°03′40″N 4°58′40″W | ثقافتی: (ii), (v) | 280 (690) | 1981 | The former capital was founded in the 9th century and features the world's oldest university. The urban fabric and main monuments date from the 13th and 14th centuries.[86] |
| مراکش (شہر) |  | مراکش (شہر), المغرب 31°37′53″N 7°59′12″W | ثقافتی: (i), (ii), (iv), (v) | 1,107 (2,740) | 1985 | The town was founded in the 1070s and remained a political, economic, and cultural centre for a long time. Monuments from that period include the مسجد کتبیہ, the قصبہ، الجزائر، and the battlements. The city also holds newer features, including palaces.[87] |
| سوسہ |  | سوسہ، تونس 35°49′40″N 10°38′19″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (iv), (v) | 32 (79) | 1988 | A prime example of a town from the early Islamic period, the city was an important port during the 9th century.[88] |
| تطوان |  | تطوان, المغرب 35°34′15″N 5°22′00″W | ثقافتی: (ii), (iv), (v) | 7 (17) | 1997 | Morocco's most complete medina served as the main point of contact between Morocco and اندلوسیا during the 8th century. The town was rebuilt by Andalusian refugees following the استرداد.[89] |
| Medina of Tunis |  | تونس شہر, تونس 36°49′00″N 10°10′00″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (v) | — | 1979 | The medina holds 700 monuments, including palaces, mosques, mausoleums, مدرسہ and fourtains, testifying to Tunis' golden age from the 12th to the 16th century.[90] |
| ممفس، مصر and its Necropolis – the Pyramid Fields from Giza to Dahshur |  | گیزہ, مصر 29°58′34″N 31°07′49″E | ثقافتی: (i), (iii), (vi) | 16,358 (40,420) | 1979 | The former capital features funerary monuments, like rock tombs, mastabas, temples, and pyramids. It is one of the قدیم دنیا کے سات عجائبات عالم.[91] |
| وکٹوریا آبشار |  | Livingstone District and ماتابیلےلینڈ شمالی صوبہ,  زیمبیا* زمبابوے*17°55′28″S 25°51′19″E | قدرتی: (vii), (viii) | 8,780 (21,700) | 1989 | The falls of the Zambezi River، which is more than 2 کلومیٹر (6,561 فٹ 8 انچ) wide, plunge down various basalt gorges resulting in a colorful mist.[92] |
| Mount Kenya National Park/Natural Forest |  | وسطی صوبہ (کینیا) and مشرقی صوبہ (کینیا), کینیا0°09′18″N 37°18′56″E | قدرتی: (vii), (ix) | 142,020 (350,900) | 1997 | The park surrounds the 5,199 میٹر (17,057 فٹ) کوہ کینیا and features twelve glaciers.[93] |
| Mount Nimba Strict Nature Reserve† |  | لولا پریفیکچور, آئیوری کوسٹ* جمہوریہ گنی*7°36′11″N 8°23′27″W | قدرتی: (ix), (x) | 18,000 (44,000) | 1981 | The reserve features Mount Nimba، its slopes covered in dense forest and grassy mountain pastures.[94] In 1992, the park was inscribed on the World Heritage Committee's danger list, citing a proposed iron and ore mining concession inside the park's boundaries and the apparition of refugees. The state party later stated that there was an error with the proposed mining site's boundaries, and that it was not in the reserve.[95] However, as of 2011, the site remains on the list due to poor security on the Ivorian side.[96] |
| صحرائے نمیب |  |  نمیبیا24°53′07″S 15°24′28″E | قدرتی: (vii), (viii), (ix), (x) | 3,077,700 (7,605,000) | 2013 | [97] |
| Ngorongoro Conservation Area |  | آروشا علاقہ, تنزانیہ 3°11′14″S 35°32′27″E | Mixed: (iv), (vii), (viii), (ix), (x) | 809,440 (2,000,200) | 1979 | The site features a concentration of wild animals in a crater beside the active volcano Oldonyo Lengai.[98] |
| Niokolo-Koba National Park† |  | کیدؤگؤ علاقہ and تامباکؤندا علاقہ, سینیگال13°04′00″N 12°43′00″W | قدرتی: (x) | 913,000 (2,260,000) | 1981 | The forests and savannas bordering the دریائے گمبیا have a diverse fauna, including Derby eland، chimpanzees, lions, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.[99] The park was listed as being endangered for low mammal populations, the construction of a dam, and management problems.[100] |
| ابوسمبل |  | اسوان, مصر 22°20′11″N 31°37′34″E | ثقافتی: (i), (iii), (vi) | 374 (920) | 1979 | Located along the دریائے نیل, the site contains monuments such as the Temple of رمسيس ثانی and the Sanctuary of ایزیس.[101] |
| Okapi Wildlife Reserve† |  | اورینتال صوبہ, جمہوری جمہوریہ کانگو 2°00′N 28°30′E | قدرتی: (x) | 1,372,625 (3,391,830) | 1996 | Covering a fifth of the Ituri Rainforest in the دریائے کانگو basin, the reserve contains many threatened species of primates and birds. It is inhabited by the nomadic pygmy Mbuti and Efé tribes.[102] In 1997, looting, the killing of elephants, and the departure of reserve staff led the World Heritage Committee to place the reserve on its List of World Heritage in Danger, only a year following its inscription as a natural heritage site.[103] |
| Okavango Delta |  | اورینتال صوبہ، بوٹسوانا19°17′00″S 22°54′00″E | قدرتی: (x) | 2,023,590 (5,000,400) | 2014 | [104] |
| Old Towns of Djenné |  | Djenné, مالی 13°54′23″N 4°33′18″W | ثقافتی: (iii), (iv) | — | 1988 | Inhabited since 250 BCE, the city was an important link in the trans-Saharan gold trade. It contains 2,000 traditional houses.[105] |
| Old Town of Ghadamès |  | Ghadames، لیبیا 30°08′00″N 9°30′00″E | ثقافتی: (v) | — | 1986 | Located in an oasis, Ghadames is one of the oldest pre-Saharan cities and represents a traditional architecture with vertical division of functions.[106] |
| Osun-Osogbo Sacred Grove |  | اوسوگبو, نائجیریا7°45′20″N 4°33′08″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (vi) | 75 (190) | 2005 | The dense forests are one of the final remnants of high forests in southern Nigeria. It is the last sacred grove of the Yoruba culture.[107] |
| Pitons, Cirques and Remparts of Reunion Island |  | رے یونیوں، فرانس21°05′58″S 55°28′48″E | قدرتی: (vii), (x) | 105,838 (261,530) | 2010 | Outstanding terrain and biodiversity, as part of La Réunion National Park.[108] |
| الجدیدہ (مراکش) |  | الجدیدہ (مراکش), المغرب 33°15′24″N 8°30′07″W | ثقافتی: (ii), (iv) | 8 (20) | 2004 | The fortification, akin to نشاۃ ثانیہ military design from the early 16th century, was taken over by Morocco in 1769. Surviving buildings include the cistern and a گوتھک فن تعمیر church.[109] |
| Punic Town of Kerkuane and its Necropolis |  | نابل, تونس 36°56′47″N 11°05′57″E | ثقافتی: (iii) | — | 1985 | The city was abandoned in 250 BCE during the First Punic War, and is the only surviving example of a فونیقی–Punic settlement.[110] |
| رباط (شہر), Modern Capital and Historic City: a Shared Heritage |  | رباط سلا زمور زعیر, المغرب 34°01′27″N 6°49′22″W | ثقافتی: (ii), (iv) | 349 (860) | 2012 | Rebuilt under the direction of the French from 1912 to the 1930s, the city blends historic and modern features, such as botanical gardens, the Hassan Mosque، and the remnants of Moorish and Andalusian settlements from the 17th century.[111] |
| Rainforests of the Atsinanana† |  | Eastern Madagascar, مڈغاسکر14°27′35″S 49°42′09″E | قدرتی: (ix), (x) | 479,660 (1,185,300) | 2007 | The site consists of six national parks, and protects the island's unique biodiversity, which has evolved in isolation for 60 million years.[112] The park was deemed to be in danger in 2010, when logging and hunting activities continued to escalate, despite a ban by Madagascar on exporting illegal timber.[113] |
| Richtersveld Cultural and Botanical Landscape |  | شمالی کیپ, جنوبی افریقا 28°36′00″S 17°12′14″E | ثقافتی: (iv), (v) | 160,000 (400,000) | 2007 | The mountainous desert sustains the semi-nomadic livelihood of the Nama، which includes seasonal migrations that have gone unchanged for two millennia.[114] |
| Robben Island |  | مغربی کیپ، جنوبی افریقا 33°48′00″S 18°22′00″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (vi) | 475 (1,170) | 1999 | Between the 17th and 20th century, the island was used as a prison, including for political prisoners, a hospital for socially unacceptable groups, and a military base.[115] |
| Rock-Art Sites of Tadrart Acacus |  | فزان، لیبیا 24°50′00″N 10°20′00″E | ثقافتی: (iii) | — | 1985 | Thousands of cave paintings are visible in different styles, dating from 12,000 BCE to 100 CE.[116] |
| لالیبیلا |  | امہارا علاقہ، ایتھوپیا 12°01′46″N 39°02′26″E | ثقافتی: (i), (ii), (iii) | — | 1978 | The site contains eleven medieval cave churches from the 13th century.[117] |
| Royal Hill of Ambohimanga |  | اینٹانانیریو، مڈغاسکر 18°45′33″S 47°33′46″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (iv), (vi) | 59 (150) | 2001 | The royal city and burial site is a spiritual and sacred site which has created strong feelings of national identity for several centuries.[118] |
| Royal Palaces of Abomey |  | زوؤ محکمہ, بینن7°11′00″N 1°59′00″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (iv) | 48 (120) | 1985 | The city held the seat of twelve kings who ruled the داهومی between 1625 and 1900. All but one king built their palace within the area.[119] |
| Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Ruins of Songo Mnara |  | Kilwa District، تنزانیہ 8°57′28″S 39°31′22″E | ثقافتی: (iii) | — | 1981 | The site features the remains of two ports used extensively for trade across the Indian Ocean from the 13th and 16th century.[120] It was placed onto the list of List of World Heritage in Danger by the World Heritage Committee in 2004, citing "the continuing deterioration and the serious threats affecting the property of the Ruins of Kilwa Kisiwani and Songo Mnara".[121] Conditions subsequently improved and the site was removed from the World Heritage in Danger list in 2014.[122] |
| Ruins of Loropéni |  | لوروپئنی, برکینا فاسو10°15′00″N 3°35′00″W | ثقافتی: (iii) | 1.1 (2.7) | 2009 | More than a thousand years old, Loropéni is the best-preserved of ten fortresses in Lobi, which were part of about a hundred stone enclosures built during the trans-Saharan gold trade.[123] |
| Rwenzori Mountains National Park |  | بوندیبوگیو ضلع, کابارولے ضلع, and کاسیسے ضلع, یوگنڈا0°13′25″N 29°55′27″E | قدرتی: (vii), (x) | 99,600 (246,000) | 1994 | Covering most of the Rwenzori Mountains, including Mount Margherita، Africa's third-highest peak, the park features glaciers, waterfalls and lakes in an Alpine landscape. It also features various endangered species and unusual flora.[124] |
| Sacred Mijikenda Kaya Forests |  | صوبہ ساحل, کینیا 3°55′55″S 39°35′46″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (v), (vi) | 1,538 (3,800) | 2008 | The site comprises eleven forests spread 200 کلومیٹر (660,000 فٹ) along the coast of Kenya. They hold the remains of villages built during the 16th century by the Mijikenda، and are now considered sacred sites.[125] |
| Saint Catherine Area |  | محافظہ جنوبی سینا, مصر 28°33′22″N 33°58′32″E | ثقافتی: (i), (iii), (iv), (vi) | 60,100 (149,000) | 2002 | The orthodox monastery from the 6th century is positioned near حورب where, according to the عہد نامہ قدیم, موسیٰ علیہ السلام received the الواح. The region is sacred for Christians, Muslims and Jews.[126] |
| Salonga National Park† |  | مانیما and جنوبی کیوو, جمہوری جمہوریہ کانگو2°S 21°E | قدرتی: (vii), (ix) | 3,600,000 (8,900,000) | 1984 | Africa's largest tropical rain forest reserve is situated at the heart of the دریائے کانگو basin and only accessible by water. It is the habitat of endangered species such as the bonobo, the Congo peafowl, the forest elephant, and the slender-snouted crocodile.[127] The site was deemed to be in danger in 1999, due to increased poaching activities and encroachments.[128] |
| Saloum Delta |  | سینیگال 13°50′07″N 16°29′55″W | ثقافتی: (iii), (iv), (v) | 145,811 (360,310) | 2011 | The area has sustained human life thanks to fishing and shellfish gathering, for which there are 218 shellfish mounds across the site.[129] |
| سان کریستوبال دے لگونا |  | صوبہ سانتا کروز دے فینیریفے، ہسپانیہ 28°28′40″N 16°18′42″W | ثقافتی: (ii), (iv) | 60 (150) | 1999 | The city contains two centres: the unplanned Upper Town, and the planned Lower Town, laid out according to philosophical principals. Many of the buildings date from the 16th to the 18th centuries.[130] |
| Sangha Trinational |  | کیمرون* وسطی افریقی جمہوریہ* جمہوریہ کانگو*2°36′34″N 16°33′15″E | قدرتی: (ix), (x) | 746,309 (1,844,170) | 2012 | [131] |
| Selous Game Reserve† |  | لیندی علاقہ, موروگورو علاقہ, متوارا علاقہ, پوانی علاقہ, and رووما علاقہ, تنزانیہ9°00′S 37°24′E | قدرتی: (ix), (x) | 5,000,000 (12,000,000) | 1982 | The park's vegetation varies from dense thickets to open wooded grasslands, and features large numbers of elephants, black rhinoceros, cheetahs, giraffes, hippos and crocodiles.[132] It was placed onto the list of List of World Heritage in Danger by the World Heritage Committee in 2014 due to widespread غیر قانونی شکار، especially of elephants and rhinoceros.[133] |
| سرنگیٹی نیشنل پارک |  | آروشا علاقہ, مارا علاقہ, and شینیانگا علاقہ, تنزانیہ2°20′00″S 34°34′00″E | قدرتی: (vii), (x) | 1,476,300 (3,648,000) | 1981 | The vast savanna is known for the annual migration for herds of پاڑا, غزال، zebras, and their predators.[134] |
| Simien National Park† |  | امہارا علاقہ, ایتھوپیا 13°11′00″N 38°04′00″E | قدرتی: (vii), (x) | 22,000 (54,000) | 1978 | The eroded ایتھوپیائی کوہستانی خطہ comprises jagged mountain peaks, deep valleys, and sharp precipices dropping about 1,500 میٹر (4,900 فٹ).[135] The decrease of the walia ibex, bushbuck, and bushpig populations, as well as an increase of the human population in the park prompted the World Heritage Committee to place it on their List of World Heritage in Danger in 1996.[136] |
| Stone Circles of Senegambia |  | سینٹرل ریور ڈویژن and کاولاک علاقہ, گیمبیا* سینیگال*13°41′28″N 15°31′21″W | ثقافتی: (i), (iii) | 10 (25) | 2006 | The groups of stone circles are among over 1,000 different monuments along the دریائے گمبیا. Used as burial grounds, they were erected between the 3rd century BCE and the 16th century CE.[137] |
| سٹون ٹاؤن |  | زنجبار، تنزانیہ 6°09′47″S 39°11′21″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (vi) | 96 (240) | 2000 | A prime example of an East African coastal trading town, its urban fabric and townscape remains intact.[138] |
| Sukur Cultural Landscape |  | میڈاگالی، نائجیریا 10°44′26″N 13°34′19″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (v), (vi) | — | 1999 | The site features the Palace of the Hidi, terraced fields, and the remains of a former iron industry.[139] |
| Taï National Park |  | گویگلو and ساساندرا, آئیوری کوسٹ5°45′00″N 7°07′00″W | قدرتی: (vii), (x) | 330,000 (820,000) | 1982 | One of few remaining sections of the West African tropical forest، the park features a rich flora, including eleven species of monkeys.[140] |
| Tassili n'Ajjer |  | الیزی and تمنراست، الجزائر25°30′N 9°00′E | Mixed: (i), (iii), (vii), (viii) | 7,200,000 (18,000,000) | 1982 | The site is in a landscape with 15,000 cave engravings that record climatic changes, animal migrations, and the evolution of human life, dating from 6,000 BCE to the first centuries CE.[141] |
| Teide National Park |  | صوبہ سانتا کروز دے فینیریفے, ہسپانیہ 28°16′17″N 16°38′37″W | قدرتی: (vii), (viii) | 18,990 (46,900) | 2007 | The national park features the ٹیڈ stratovolcano، which at 3,718 میٹر (12,198 فٹ) is Spain's tallest mountain and the world's third-tallest volcano.[142] |
| ٹمبکٹو† |  | Timbuktu Cercle, مالی 16°46′24″N 2°59′58″W | ثقافتی: (ii), (iv), (v) | — | 1988 | The city was a centre for the propagation of Islam in the 15th and 16th centuries, and features three mosques and many مدرسہs.[143] The sites were deemed endangered after the Battle of Gao in June 2012, which followed several weeks of constant threats to the area. Days later, some sites within Timbuktu were destroyed by Ansar Dine, an Islamist group, citing religious reasons.[144] |
| Timgad |  | صوبہ باتنہ, الجزائر 35°29′03″N 6°28′07″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (iv) | 0.04 (0.099) | 1982 | A military colony built by تراجان in 100 CE, the site features cardo and decumanus streets, typical of a Roman town.[145] |
| تیبازہ |  | تیبازہ, الجزائر 36°35′31″N 2°26′58″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (iv) | 52 (130) | 1982 | First a قرطاج trading center, Tipasa was converted into a military base by the Romans. Heavy Christian influences can be seen from the 3rd and 4th centuries, though Tipasa went into steady decline in the بازنطینی سلطنت period.[146] |
| Tiya |  | جنوبی اقوام، قومیتیں، اور عوامی علاقہ, ایتھوپیا 8°26′06″N 38°36′44″E | ثقافتی: (i), (iv) | — | 1980 | The archaeological site contains 36 monuments, which includes 32 carved stelae covered with symbols hard to decrypt.[147] |
| Tomb of Askia† |  | علاقہ گاو, مالی 16°17′23″N 0°02′40″E | ثقافتی: (ii), (iii), (iv) | 4 (9.9) | 2004 | Built in 1495, the pyramid was built as a tomb for Emperor Askia Mohamed. It represents the power of an empire that controlled the trans-Saharan gold trade.[148] The site was deemed endangered after the Battle of Gao in June 2012, which followed several weeks of constant threats to the area.[149] |
| Tombs of Buganda Kings at Kasubi† |  | کمپالا ضلع, یوگنڈا 0°20′55″N 32°33′05″E | ثقافتی: (i), (iii), (iv), (vi) | 27 (67) | 2001 | The tombs, built after 1884, are a major example of prime architecture using organic materials, principally wood, thatch, reed, and wattle and daub.[150] The tombs were almost completely destroyed by a fire in March 2010, prompting the World Heritage Committee to reluctantly mark the site as being in danger. The Ugandan government has since called for the reconstruction of the tombs, and UNESCO has agreed to mobilise funds for the project.[151][152] |
| Tsingy de Bemaraha Strict Nature Reserve |  | میلاکا, مڈغاسکر 18°40′00″S 44°45′00″E | قدرتی: (vii), (x) | 152,000 (380,000) | 1990 | The canyon of the Manambolo River comprises karstic and limestone landscapes cut into peaks and a forest of limestone needles. It also holds undisturbed forests, lakes and چمرنگs, which are the habitat for lemurs and birds.[153] |
| Tsodilo |  | North-West, بوٹسوانا 18°45′00″S 21°44′00″E | ثقافتی: (i), (iii), (vi) | 4,800 (12,000) | 2001 | The site features more than 4,500 rock art paintings in the صحرائے کالاہاری. Archaeological records provide evidence of human and environmental activities ranging over 100,000 years.[154] |
| Twyfelfontein or /Ui-//aes |  | Kunene، نمیبیا 20°35′44″S 14°22′21″E | ثقافتی: (iii), (v) | 57 (140) | 2007 | The site has one of the largest concentrations of rock engravings in Africa, which range from a period of over 2,000 years.[155] |
| Vallée de Mai Nature Reserve |  | Praslin, سیشیلز 4°19′45″S 55°44′15″E | قدرتی: (vii), (viii), (ix), (x) | 20 (49) | 1983 | The natural palm forest is preserved in almost its original state.[156] |
| Virunga National Park† |  | شمالی کیوو and اورینتال صوبہ, جمہوری جمہوریہ کانگو0°55′00″N 29°10′00″E | قدرتی: (vii), (viii), (x) | 800,000 (2,000,000) | 1979 | The park comprises swamps, savannas, and snowfields.[157] Virunga was inscribed on the World Heritage Committee's List of World Heritage in Danger in 1994, due to the روانڈیائی نسل کشی and the subsequent increase of the refugee population in the park, deforestation, poaching, departure of park staff, and depletion of forests.[158] |
| Vredefort Dome |  | فری سٹیٹ (صوبہ) and شمال مغربی (جنوبی افریقی صوبہ), جنوبی افریقا26°52′S 27°16′E | قدرتی: (viii) | 30,000 (74,000) | 2005 | The crater, with a diameter of 190 کلومیٹر (620,000 فٹ), is the largest, oldest, and most deeply eroded astrobleme found on Earth, dating back more than two billion years.[159] |
| W National Park of Niger |  | ساے محکمہ، نائجر 12°21′N 2°21′E | قدرتی: (ix), (x) | 220,000 (540,000) | 1996 | The park is in the zone between savanna and forest lands, and is an important ecosystem for the biogeographical area.[160] |
| Wadi Al-Hitan (Whale Valley) |  | محافظہ فیوم, مصر 29°20′00″N 30°11′00″E | قدرتی: (viii) | 20,015 (49,460) | 2005 | Located in western Egypt, the site contains fossil remains of the now extinct Archaeoceti, mapping the evolution of the whales from a land-based to an aquatic mammal.[161] |
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