1809 (MDCCCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and a common year starting on Friday of the Julian calendar, the 1809th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 809th year of the 2nd millennium, the 9th year of the 19th century, and the 10th and last year of the 1800s decade. As of the start of 1809, the Gregorian calendar was 12 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.
| Millennium: | 2nd millennium |
|---|---|
| Centuries: | 18th century – 19th century – 20th century |
| Decades: | 1770s 1780s 1790s – 1800s – 1810s 1820s 1830s |
| Years: | 1806 1807 1808 – 1809 – 1810 1811 1812 |
| Gregorian calendar | 1809 MDCCCIX |
| Ab urbe condita | 2562 |
| Armenian calendar | 1258 ԹՎ ՌՄԾԸ |
| Assyrian calendar | 6559 |
| Balinese saka calendar | 1730–1731 |
| Bengali calendar | 1216 |
| Berber calendar | 2759 |
| British Regnal year | 49 Geo. 3 – 50 Geo. 3 |
| Buddhist calendar | 2353 |
| Burmese calendar | 1171 |
| Byzantine calendar | 7317–7318 |
| Chinese calendar | 戊辰年 (Earth Dragon) 4505 or 4445 — to — 己巳年 (Earth Snake) 4506 or 4446 |
| Coptic calendar | 1525–1526 |
| Discordian calendar | 2975 |
| Ethiopian calendar | 1801–1802 |
| Hebrew calendar | 5569–5570 |
| Hindu calendars | |
| - Vikram Samvat | 1865–1866 |
| - Shaka Samvat | 1730–1731 |
| - Kali Yuga | 4909–4910 |
| Holocene calendar | 11809 |
| Igbo calendar | 809–810 |
| Iranian calendar | 1187–1188 |
| Islamic calendar | 1223–1224 |
| Japanese calendar | Bunka 6 (文化６年) |
| Javanese calendar | 1735–1736 |
| Julian calendar | Gregorian minus 12 days |
| Korean calendar | 4142 |
| Minguo calendar | 103 before ROC 民前103年 |
| Nanakshahi calendar | 341 |
| Thai solar calendar | 2351–2352 |
| Tibetan calendar | 阳土龙年 (male Earth-Dragon) 1935 or 1554 or 782 — to — 阴土蛇年 (female Earth-Snake) 1936 or 1555 or 783 |
- None at this time
- January 4 – Louis Braille, French teacher of the blind (d. 1852).
- January 15 – Pierre-Joseph Proudhon, French anarchist (d. 1864)
- January 19 – Edgar Allan Poe, American writer (d. 1849)
- February 3 – Felix Mendelssohn, German composer (d. 1847)
- February 12 – Abraham Lincoln, 16th President of the United States (d. 1865)
- February 12 – Charles Darwin, British naturalist (d. 1882)
- February 15 – Cyrus McCormick, American inventor (d. 1884)
- March 31 – Nikolai Gogol, Russian writer (d. 1852)
- April 15 – Hermann Gunter Grassmann, Prussian mathematician (d. 1877)
- June 4 – Columbus Delano, American statesman (d. 1896)
- June 4 – John Henry Pratt, English clergyman and mathematician (d. 1871)
- June 8 – Richard Wigginton Thompson, American politician (d. 1900)
- August 6 – Alfred Lord Tennyson, British poet (d. 1892)
- August 8 – Heinrich Abeken, German theologian (d. 1872)
- August 27 – Hannibal Hamlin, American politician (d. 1891)
- August 29 – Oliver Wendell Holmes, Sr., American physician and writer (d. 1894)
- October 22 – Volney E. Howard, American politician (d. 1889)
- December 24 – Kit Carson, American frontiersman (d. 1868)
- December 29 – William Ewart Gladstone, British politician (d. 1898)
- None at this time
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