pope of the Catholic Church from 2005 to 2013 (1927–2022) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Pope Benedict XVI (Latin: Benedictus PP. XVI; German: Benedikt XVI; Italian: Benedetto XVI, born Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger; 16 April 1927 – 31 December 2022) was a Pope of the Catholic Church. He served as the 265th Pope from 2005 to 2013. In that position, he was both the leader of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Vatican City State. Benedict was elected on 19 April 2005 in a papal conclave after the death of Pope John Paul II. He celebrated his papal inauguration Mass on 24 April 2005. He took possession of his cathedral, the Archbasilica of St. John Lateran, on 7 May 2005.
His Holiness Pope Benedict XVI | |
|---|---|
_2.jpg) Benedict XVI in 2010 | |
| Papacy began | 19 April 2005 |
| Papacy ended | 28 February 2013 |
| Predecessor | John Paul II |
| Successor | Francis |
| Orders | |
| Ordination | 29 June 1951 by Michael von Faulhaber |
| Consecration | 28 May 1977 by Josef Stangl |
| Created cardinal | 27 June 1977 by Pope Paul VI |
| Personal details | |
| Birth name | Joseph Aloisius Ratzinger |
| Born | 16 April 1927 Marktl, Germany |
| Died | 31 December 2022 (aged 95) Mater Ecclesiae Monastery, Vatican City |
| Buried | St. Peter's Basilica, Vatican City |
| Nationality | German (with Vatican citizenship) |
| Residence | Mater Ecclesiae Monastery |
| Parents | Joseph Ratzinger, Sr. and Maria Ratzinger (née Peintner) |
| Previous post | Archbishop of Munich and Freising (1977–1982) Cardinal-Priest of Santa Maria Consolatrice al Tiburtino (1977–1993) President of the International Theological Commission (1981–2005) Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith (1981–2005) President of the Pontifical Biblical Commission (1981–2005) Cardinal-Bishop of Velletri-Segni (1993–2005) Dean of the College of Cardinals (2002–2005) Cardinal-Bishop of Ostia (2002–2005) |
| Motto | Cooperatores veritatis (cooperators of the truth)[1] |
| Signature |  |
| Coat of arms |  |
| Other popes named Benedict | |
On 11 February 2013, Benedict announced his resignation in a speech in Latin before the cardinals. His reason was a "lack of strength of mind and body" because of his old age. His resignation became effective on 28 February 2013. He was the first pope to resign since Pope Gregory XII in 1415. He was the first to resign by choice since Pope Celestine V in 1294. As Pope Emeritus, Benedict retains the style of His Holiness, and the title of Pope. He will continue to dress in the papal colour of white. He was succeeded by Pope Francis on 13 March 2013. He moved into the newly renovated Mater Ecclesiae monastery for his retirement on 2 May 2013. In September 2020, Benedict XVI became the longest-lived pope at aged 93.[2]
Ratzinger was ordained as a Catholic priest in 1951.[3] He was a professor at several German universities, including the University of Bonn[4] and the University of Münster.[5] He also taught at the University of Tübingen.[6] and the University of Regensburg.[7]
In 1977, Ratzinger was named by Pope Paul VI as a Cardinal and the Archbishop of Munich and Freising.[7]
Cardinal Ratzinger was Prefect of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith.[8] He became Dean of the College of Cardinals.[9] He was a close friend of Pope John Paul II.
In January 2022 a report written by a German law firm found that Benedict XVI had failed to act over four cases of child abuse when he was in charge as Archbishop of Munich.[10] He has denied these reports.[10]
In 2005, Cardinal Ratzinger was elected Pope at the age of 78. At the conclave, "it was, if not Ratzinger, who? And as they came to know him, the question became, why not Ratzinger?"[11] He chose to be called Benedict XVI.[12][13]
On 11 February 2013, the pope announced that he would abdicate or resign on 28 February 2013: "I have come to the certainty that my strengths, due to an advanced age, are no longer suited to an adequate exercise of the Petrine ministry."[14] The original declaration was made in Latin.[15] He is the first pope to resign since Pope Gregory XII in 1415.[16] He decided to resign then retired on February 28, 2013 in order to take care of his health condition.
On 28 December 2022, Pope Francis said that Benedict was "very sick".[17] Benedict died on 31 December 2022.[18] His funeral was held on 5 January 2023.
In a statistical overview derived from writings by and about Joseph Ratzinger, OCLC/WorldCat includes roughly 360+ works in 520+ publications in 20 languages as well as library holdings.[19]
As Pope, OCLC/WorldCat identifies 1,400+ works in 2,300+ publications in 33 languages and 55,000+ library holdings.[21]
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