ଟିଣ

ଟିଣ ହେଉଛି ଏକ ରାସାୟନିକ ମୌଳିକ ଯାହାର ପ୍ରତୀକ Sn ([stannum; ଷ୍ଟାନମ୍] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has italic markup (help) ପାଇଁ) ଓ ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ ୫୦ ।

ବାକିସବୁ ପାଇଁ, ଟିଣ (ବହୁବିକଳ୍ପ) ପ୍ରସଙ୍ଗଟି ଦେଖନ୍ତୁ ।

Tin,  ₅₀Sn

ସାଧାରଣ ଗୁଣ
ନାମ, ପ୍ରତୀକ	tin, Sn
Appearance	silvery (left, beta) or gray (right, alpha)
ଉଚ୍ଚାରଣ	/ˈtɪn/
Tin in the periodic table
Ge ↑ Sn ↓ Pb indium ← tin → antimony
ପରମାଣୁ କ୍ରମାଙ୍କ (Z)	50
ଶ୍ରେଣୀ, ବ୍ଳକ	group 14 (carbon group), p-block
ପର୍ଯ୍ୟାୟ	period 5
ମୌଳିକ ପ୍ରକାର	post-transition metal
ମାନକ ପରମାଣବିକ ଓଜନ (Ar)	118.710
ଇଲେକ୍‌ଟ୍ରୋନ୍ ବିନ୍ୟାସ	[Kr] 4d10 5s2 5p2
per shell	2, 8, 18, 18, 4
ଭୌତିକ ଗୁଣ
ଅବସ୍ଥା	solid
ଗଳନାଙ୍କ	505.08 K ​(231.93 °C, ​449.47 °F)
ସ୍ଫୁଟନାଙ୍କ	2875 K ​(2602 °C, ​4716 °F)
Density near r.t.	(white) 7.365 g/cm3 (gray) 5.769 g/cm3
when liquid, at m.p.	6.99 g/cm3
Heat of fusion	(white) 7.03 kJ/mol
Heat of	(white) 296.1 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity	(white) 27.112 J/(mol·K)
pressure P (Pa) 1 10 100 1 k 10 k 100 k at T (K) 1497 1657 1855 2107 2438 2893
Atomic properties
Oxidation states	4, 3[1], 2, 1[2], -4 (amphoteric oxide)
Electronegativity	Pauling scale: 1.96
Atomic radius	empirical: 140 pm
Covalent radius	139±4 pm
Van der Waals radius	217 pm
Miscellanea
Crystal structure	​tetragonal white
Speed of sound thin rod	(rolled) 2730 m/s (at r.t.)
Thermal expansion	22.0 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity	66.8 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity	115 n Ω·m (at 0 °C)
Magnetic ordering	(gray) diamagnetic[3], (white) paramagnetic
Young's modulus	50 GPa
Shear modulus	18 GPa
Bulk modulus	58 GPa
Poisson ratio	0.36
Mohs hardness	1.5
Brinell hardness	~350 MPa
CAS Number	7440-31-5
ଇତିହାସ
ଆବିଷ୍କାର	around 3500 BC
Most stable isotopes of tin
iso NA half-life DM DE (MeV) DP 112Sn 0.97% 112Sn is stable with 62 neutrons 114Sn 0.66% 114Sn is stable with 64 neutrons 115Sn 0.34% 115Sn is stable with 65 neutrons 116Sn 14.54% 116Sn is stable with 66 neutrons 117Sn 7.68% 117Sn is stable with 67 neutrons 118Sn 24.22% 118Sn is stable with 68 neutrons 119Sn 8.59% 119Sn is stable with 69 neutrons 120Sn 32.58% 120Sn is stable with 70 neutrons 122Sn 4.63% 122Sn is stable with 72 neutrons 124Sn 5.79% >1×1017 y β−β− 2.2870 124Te 126Sn trace 2.3×105 y β− 0.380 126Sb
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ଧର୍ମ

ଉପସ୍ଥିତି

ଗଠନ

ଉତ୍ପାଦନ

ସମସ୍ଥାନିକ

ବ୍ୟବହାର

ଆଧାର

1. "SnH3". NIST Chemistry WebBook. National Institure of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 23 January 2013.
2. "HSn". NIST Chemistry WebBook. National Institute of Standards and Technology. Retrieved 23 January 2013.
3. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.

ସହାୟକ ଗ୍ରନ୍ଥ

• This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Carlin, James F., Jr. (1998). "Significant events affecting tin prices since 1958". U.S. National Geodetic Survey.
• CRC contributors (2006). David R. Lide (editor) (ed.). Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (87th ed.). Boca Raton, Florida: CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group. ISBN 0-8493-0487-3. {{cite book}}: |author= has generic name (help)
• Emsley, John (2001). "Tin". Nature's Building Blocks: An A–Z Guide to the Elements. Oxford, England, UK: Oxford University Press. pp. 445–450. ISBN 0-19-850340-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
• Greenwood, N. N.; Earnshaw, A. (1997). Chemistry of the Elements (2nd ed.). Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 0-7506-3365-4.
• Heiserman, David L. (1992). "Element 50: Tin". Exploring Chemical Elements and their Compounds. New York: TAB Books. ISBN 0-8306-3018-X.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)
• MacIntosh, Robert M. (1968). "Tin". In Clifford A. Hampel (editor) (ed.). The Encyclopedia of the Chemical Elements. New York: Reinhold Book Corporation. pp. 722–732. LCCN 68-29938. {{cite book}}: |editor= has generic name (help)
• Stwertka, Albert (1998). "Tin". Guide to the Elements (Revised ed.). Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-508083-1.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: ref duplicates default (link)

ବାହାର ଲିଙ୍କ

• Tin at The Periodic Table of Videos (University of Nottingham)
• Theodore Gray's Wooden Periodic Table Table Archived 2006-01-04 at the Wayback Machine.: Tin samples and castings
• Base Metals: Tin Archived 2012-07-12 at the Wayback Machine.