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Dowty,Alan(1989),Closed Borders: The Contemporary Assault on Freedom of Movement,Yale University Press,ISBN0-300-04498-4
Harrison,Hope Millard(2003),Driving the Soviets Up the Wall: Soviet-East German Relations, 1953-1961,Princeton University Press,ISBN0-691-09678-3
Krasnov,Vladislav(1985),Soviet Defectors: The KGB Wanted List,Hoover Press,ISBN0-8179-8231-0
Mynz,Rainer(1995),Where Did They All Come From? Typology and Geography of European Mass Migration In the Twentieth Century; EUROPEAN POPULATION CONFERENCE CONGRESS EUROPEAN DE DEMOGRAPHE,United Nations Population Division
Pearson,Raymond(1998),The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Empire,Macmillan,ISBN0-312-17407-1
Thackeray,Frank W.(2004),Events that changed Germany,Greenwood Publishing Group,ISBN0-313-32814-5