Kelimpahan unsur di kerak Bumi

Kelimpahan unsur di kerak Bumi telah diteliti oleh berbagai sumber, dan hasilnya disajikan dalam tabel di bawah ini. Unsur paling melimpah di kerak Bumi adalah oksigen, diikuti silikon, aluminium, dan besi.

Kelimpahan unsur di kerak Bumi, menurut berbagai sumber

Urutan	nomor, nama, simbol			Kelimpahan unsur di kerak Bumi (ppm, bagian per sejuta)					Produksi tahunan
				Darling[1]	Barbalace[2]	WebElements[3]	Israel Science and Technology[4]	Jefferson Lab[5]	(2016, dalam ton)[6]
1	8	oksigen	O	466,000	474,000	460,000	467,100	461,000
2	14	silikon	Si	277,200	277,100	270,000	276,900	282,000	7,200,000
3	13	aluminium	Al	81,300	82,000	82,000	80,700	82,300	57,600,000
4	26	besi	Fe	50,000	41,000	63,000	50,500	56,300	1,150,000,000
5	20	kalsium	Ca	36,300	41,000	50,000	36,500	41,500
6	11	natrium	Na	28,300	23,000	23,000	27,500	23,600	255,000,000
7	12	magnesium	Mg	20,900	23,000	29,000	20,800	23,300	1,010,000
8	19	kalium	K	25,900	21,000	15,000	25,800	20,900
9	22	titanium	Ti	4,400	5,600	6,600	6,200	5,600	6,600,000
10	1	hidrogen	H	1,400		1,500	1,400	1,400
11	15	fosfor	P	1,200	1,000	1,000	1,300	1,050
12	25	mangan	Mn	1,000	950	1,100	900	950	16,000,000
13	9	fluorin	F	800	950	540	290	585
14	56	barium	Ba	500	340	340	500	425
15	6	karbon	C	300	480	1,800	940	200
16	38	stronsium	Sr		370	360		370	350,000
17	16	sulfur	S	500	260	420	520	350	69,300,000
18	40	zirkonium	Zr		190	130	250	165	1,460,000
19	74	tungsten	W		160.6	1.1		1.25	86,400
20	23	vanadium	V	100	160	190		120	76,000
21	17	klorin	Cl	500	130	170	450	145
22	24	kromium	Cr	100	100	140	350	102	26,000,000
23	37	rubidium	Rb	300	90	60		90
24	28	nikel	Ni		80	90	190	84	2,250,000
25	30	seng	Zn		75	79		70	11,900,000
26	29	tembaga	Cu	100	50	68		60	19,400,000
27	58	cerium	Ce		68	60		66.5
28	60	neodymium	Nd		38	33		41.5
29	57	lanthanum	La		32	34		39
30	39	yttrium	Y		30	29		33	6,000
31	7	nitrogen	N	50	25	20		19	140,000,000
32	27	cobalt	Co		20	30		25	123,000
33	3	lithium	Li		20	17		20	35,000
34	41	niobium	Nb		20	17		20	64,000
35	31	gallium	Ga		18	19		19
36	21	skandium	Sc		16	26		22
37	82	timbal	Pb		14	10		14	4,820,000
38	62	samarium	Sm		7.9	6		7.05
39	90	torium	Th		12	6		9.6
40	59	praseodymium	Pr		9.5	8.7		9.2
41	5	boron	B		950	8.7		10	9,400,000
42	64	gadolinium	Gd		7.7	5.2		6.2
43	66	dysprosium	Dy		6	6.2		5.2
44	72	hafnium	Hf		5.3	3.3		3.0
45	68	erbium	Er		3.8	3.0		3.5
46	70	ytterbium	Yb		3.3	2.8		3.2
47	55	caesium	Cs		3	1.9		3
48	4	beryllium	Be		2.6	1.9		2.8	220
49	50	tin	Sn	0	2.2	2.2		2.3	280,000
50	63	europium	Eu		2.1	1.8		2.0
51	92	uranium	U		0	1.8		2.7	74,119
52	73	tantalum	Ta		2	1.7		2.0	1,100
53	32	germanium	Ge		1.8	1.4		1.5	155
54	42	molybdenum	Mo		1.5	1.1		1.2	227,000
55	33	arsenic	As		1.5	2.1		1.8	36,500
56	67	holmium	Ho		1.4	1.2		1.3
57	65	terbium	Tb		1.1	0.94		1.2
58	69	thulium	Tm		0.48	0.45		0.52
59	35	bromine	Br		0.37	3		2.4	391,000
60	81	thallium	Tl		0.6	0.530		0.850	10
61	71	lutetium[7]	Lu					0.5
62	51	antimony	Sb		0.2	0.2		0.2	130,000
63	53	iodine	I		0.14	0.490		0.450	31,600
64	48	cadmium	Cd		0.11	0.15		0.15	23,000
65	47	perak	Ag		0.070	0.080		0.075	27,000
66	80	raksa	Hg		0.05	0.067		0.085	4,500
67	34	selenium	Se		0.05	0.05		0.05	2,200
68	49	indium	In		0.049	0.160		0.250	655
69	83	bismut	Bi		0.048	0.025		0.0085	10,200
70	52	tellurium	Te		0.005	0.001		0.001	2,200
71	78	platinum	Pt		0.003	0.0037		0.005	172
72	79	emas	Au		0.0011	0.0031		0.004	3,100
73	44	ruthenium	Ru		0.001	0.001		0.001
74	46	palladium	Pd		0.0006	0.0063		0.015	208
75	75	rhenium	Re		0.0004	0.0026		0.0007	47.2
76	77	iridium	Ir		0.0003	0.0004		0.001
77	45	rhodium	Rh		0.0002	0.0007		0.001
78	76	osmium	Os		0.0001	0.0018		0.0015

Referensi

1. "Elements, Terrestrial Abundance". www.daviddarling.info. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 10 April 2007. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-14.
2. Barbalace, Kenneth. "Periodic Table of Elements". Environmental Chemistry.com. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-14.
3. "Abundance in Earth's Crust". WebElements.com. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 9 March 2007. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-14.
4. "List of Periodic Table Elements Sorted by Abundance in Earth's crust". Israel Science and Technology Homepage. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-15.
5. "It's Elemental — The Periodic Table of Elements". Jefferson Lab. Diarsipkan dari versi asli tanggal 29 April 2007. Diakses tanggal 2007-04-14.
6. Commodity Statistics and Information. USGS. All production numbers are for mines, except for Al, Cd, Fe, Ge, In, N, Se (plants, refineries), S (all forms) and As, Br, Mg, Si (unspecified). Data for B, K, Ti, Y are given not for the pure element but for the most common oxide, data for Na and Cl are for NaCl. For many elements like Si, Al, data are ambiguous (many forms produced) and are taken for the pure element. U data is pure element required for consumption by current reactor fleet Diarsipkan 2017-10-01 di Wayback Machine.. WNA.
7. Emsley, John (2001). Nature's building blocks: an A-Z guide to the elements. Oxford University Press. hlm. 240–242. ISBN 0-19-850341-5.