Վիքիմեդիայի նախագծի կաղապար From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
{{Cite arXiv}} | arXiv preprints |
---|---|
{{Cite AV media}} | audio and visual media |
{{Cite AV media notes}} | AV media liner notes |
{{Cite bioRxiv}} | bioRxiv preprints |
{{Cite book}} | books and chapters |
{{Cite CiteSeerX}} | CiteSeerX papers |
{{Cite conference}} | conference papers |
{{cite document}} | short, stand-alone, offline documents |
{{Cite encyclopedia}} | edited collections |
{{Cite episode}} | radio or TV episodes |
{{Cite interview}} | interviews |
{{Cite journal}} | academic journals |
{{Cite magazine}} | magazines, periodicals |
{{Cite mailing list}} | public mailing lists |
{{Cite map}} | maps |
{{Cite medRxiv}} | medRxiv preprints |
{{Cite news}} | news articles |
{{Cite newsgroup}} | online newsgroups |
{{Cite podcast}} | podcasts |
{{Cite press release}} | press releases |
{{Cite report}} | reports |
{{Cite serial}} | audio or video serials |
{{Cite sign}} | signs, plaques |
{{Cite speech}} | speeches |
{{Cite SSRN}} | SSRN papers |
{{Cite tech report}} | technical reports |
{{Cite thesis}} | theses |
{{Cite web}} | web sources not covered by the above |
{{Cite arXiv}} | arXiv preprints |
---|---|
{{Cite AV media}} | audio and visual media |
{{Cite AV media notes}} | AV media liner notes |
{{Cite bioRxiv}} | bioRxiv preprints |
{{Cite book}} | books and chapters |
{{Cite CiteSeerX}} | CiteSeerX papers |
{{Cite conference}} | conference papers |
{{cite document}} | short, stand-alone, offline documents |
{{Cite encyclopedia}} | edited collections |
{{Cite episode}} | radio or TV episodes |
{{Cite interview}} | interviews |
{{Cite journal}} | academic journals |
{{Cite magazine}} | magazines, periodicals |
{{Cite mailing list}} | public mailing lists |
{{Cite map}} | maps |
{{Cite medRxiv}} | medRxiv preprints |
{{Cite news}} | news articles |
{{Cite newsgroup}} | online newsgroups |
{{Cite podcast}} | podcasts |
{{Cite press release}} | press releases |
{{Cite report}} | reports |
{{Cite serial}} | audio or video serials |
{{Cite sign}} | signs, plaques |
{{Cite speech}} | speeches |
{{Cite SSRN}} | SSRN papers |
{{Cite tech report}} | technical reports |
{{Cite thesis}} | theses |
{{Cite web}} | web sources not covered by the above |
Օգտագործում է Lua: |
This Citation Style 1 template is used to create citations for books. When citing an article in a periodical, use {{cite journal}} or {{cite magazine}}. For conference papers, use {{cite conference}}. For edited collections, use {{cite encyclopedia}}. For theses, use {{cite thesis}}.
Օգտագործման համար պատճենեք ներքոնշյալ կաղապարը: Բոլոր պարամետրերը պետք է լինեն փոքրատառով: Օգտագործեք "|" (pipe) նշանը պարամետրերի միջև՝ իրարից բաժանելու համար: Խմբագրման էջում խոչընդոտներից խուսափելու համար ջնջեք չօգտագործվող պարամետրերը: Որոշ օրինակներ կարող են ընդգրկել ընթացիկ ամսաթիվը: Եթե ամսաթիվը դատարկ է, ապա մաքրեք
էջը:
|
Կաղապար:Citation Style documentation/usage vertical common
{{cite book
| last =
| first =
| author-link =
| date =
| title =
| url =
| location =
| publisher =
| page = <!-- or pages: -->
| isbn =
}}
|}
|
Parameters | Prerequisites | Brief instructions / notes | Vertical list |
---|---|---|---|
last1 | Author's last name or single name author. Don't link. | {{cite book |last1 = |first1 = |author-link1 = |last2 = |first2 = |author-link2 = |last3 = |first3 = |author-link3 = |last4 = |first4 = |author-link4 = |last5 = |first5 = |author-link5 = |display-authors = |author-mask1 = |author-mask2 = |author-mask3 = |author-mask4 = |author-mask5 = |editor-last1 = |editor-first1 = |editor-link1 = |editor-last2 = |editor-first2 = |editor-link2 = |editor-last3 = |editor-first3 = |editor-link3 = |editor-last4 = |editor-first4 = |editor-link4 = |editor-last5 = |editor-first5 = |editor-link5 = |display-editors = |editor-mask1 = |editor-mask2 = |editor-mask3 = |editor-mask4 = |editor-mask5 = |translator-last1 = |translator-first1 = |translator-link1 = |translator-last2 = |translator-first2 = |translator-link2 = |translator-last3 = |translator-first3 = |translator-link3 = |translator-last4 = |translator-first4 = |translator-link4 = |translator-last5 = |translator-first5 = |translator-link5 = |display-translators = |translator-mask1 = |translator-mask2 = |translator-mask3 = |translator-mask4 = |translator-mask5 = |others = |name-list-style = |date = |year = |orig-date = |chapter = |script-chapter = |trans-chapter = |chapter-url = |chapter-url-access = |chapter-format = |title = |script-title = |trans-title = |title-link = |url = |url-status = |url-access = |format = |type = |series = |language = |volume = |edition = |publication-place = |location = |publisher = |publication-date = |page = |pages = |at = |no-pp = |arxiv = |asin = |asin-tld = |bibcode = |bibcode-access = |biorxiv = |citeseerx = |doi = |doi-access = |doi-broken-date = |eissn = |hdl = |hdl-access = |isbn = |ismn = |issn = |jfm = |jstor = |jstor-access = |lccn = |mr = |oclc = |ol = |ol-access = |osti = |osti-access = |pmc = |pmc-embargo-date = |pmid = |rfc = |sbn = |ssrn = |s2cid = |s2cid-access = |zbl = |id = |archive-url = |archive-date = |access-date = |via = |quote = |script-quote = |trans-quote = |quote-page = |quote-pages = |mode = |postscript = |ref = }} | |
first1 | last1 | Author's first name. Don't link. | |
author-link1 | last1 | Title of Wikipedia article about the first author. Don't link. | |
last2 | last1 | Like last1 , but for 2nd author. | |
first2 | last2 | Like first1 , but for 2nd author. | |
author-link2 | last2 | Like author-link1 , but for 2nd author. | |
last3 | last2 | Like last1 , but for 3rd author. | |
first3 | last3 | Like first1 , but for 3rd author. | |
author-link3 | last3 | Like author-link1 , but for 3rd author. | |
last4 | last3 | Like last1 , but for 4th author. | |
first4 | last4 | Like first1 , but for 4th author. | |
author-link4 | last4 | Like author-link1 , but for 4th author. | |
last5 | last4 | Like last1 , but for 5th author. Similar: last6, etc. | |
first5 | last5 | Like first1 , but for 5th author. Similar: first6, etc. | |
author-link5 | last5 | Like author-link1 , but for 5th author. Similar: author-link6, etc. | |
display-authors | last1 | Number (number of authors displayed) or etal (more authors) | |
author-mask1 | last1 | See Display options below; not for lists of cited works | |
author-mask2 | last2 | ||
author-mask3 | last3 | ||
author-mask4 | last4 | ||
author-mask5 | last5 | ||
editor-last1 | may also use "editor-last" | ||
editor-first1 | editor-last1 | may also use "editor-first" | |
editor-link1 | editor-last1 | may also use "editor-link" | |
editor-mask1 | editor-last1 | ||
display-editors | |||
translator-last1 | Like last1 , but for translator | ||
translator-first1 | translator-last1 | Like first1 , but for translator | |
translator-link1 | translator-last1 | Like author-link1 , but for translator | |
translator-last2 | translator-last1 | Like last1 , but for 2nd translator. Similar: translator-last3, etc. | |
translator-first2 | translator-last2 | Like first1 , but for 2nd translator. Similar: translator-first3, etc. | |
translator-link2 | translator-last2 | Like author-link1 , but for 2nd transl. Similar: translator-link3, ... | |
display-translators | translator-last1 | Like display-authors , but for translators | |
translator-mask1 | translator-last1 | See Display options below; not for lists of cited works | |
translator-mask2 | translator-last2 | ||
name-list-style | last2 | Set to amp or ampersand to separate the last author with " & "; set to and to separate with " and " | |
others | |||
date | |||
year | |||
orig-date | date or year | ||
chapter | This should be the title of the chapter cited. Do not wikilink "chapter" if "chapter-url" is provided | ||
script-chapter | |||
trans-chapter | chapter or script-chapter | ||
chapter-url | chapter or script-chapter | ||
chapter-format | chapter-url | ||
title | |||
script-title | |||
trans-title | title or script-title | ||
title-link | title or script-title | Name of a Wikipedia article about the work. Do not use if "url" is provided | |
url | title or script-title | Do not use if "title-link" is provided | |
url-status | archive-url | ||
url-access | url | ||
format | url | ||
type | |||
series | |||
language | |||
volume | |||
edition | |||
publication-place | publisher | ||
location | publisher | can be used for written-at location when "publication-place" is used for publication place | |
publisher | |||
publication-date | |||
page | choose one: "page", "pages", or "at" | ||
pages | choose one: "page", "pages", or "at". Use when content on multiple pages supports the article text. | ||
at | choose one: "page", "pages", or "at" | ||
no-pp | page or pages | set no-pp to "yes" to suppress the "p." or "pp." before page numbers | |
arxiv | |||
asin | |||
asin-tld | asin | ||
bibcode | |||
biorxiv | |||
citeseerx | |||
doi | |||
doi-broken-date | doi | ||
eissn | |||
hdl | |||
isbn | always include ISBN, if one has been assigned | ||
issn | |||
ismn | |||
jfm | |||
jstor | |||
lccn | |||
mr | |||
oclc | |||
ol | |||
osti | |||
pmc | |||
pmc-embargo-date | pmc | ||
pmid | |||
rfc | |||
sbn | |||
ssrn | |||
s2cid | |||
zbl | |||
id | |||
archive-url | archive-date, url | ||
archive-date | archive-url | ||
access-date | url | ||
via | |||
quote | |||
script-quote | |||
trans-quote | |||
quote-page | choose one: "quote-page", "quote-pages" | ||
quote-pages | choose one: "quote-page", "quote-pages". Use when quote contains contents from multiple pages. | ||
mode | cs1 or cs2 | ||
postscript | |||
ref | |||
If a field name is listed in the Prerequisites column, it is a prerequisite for the field to the left. |
Title
*{{cite book |title=Mysterious Book}}
Title and year
*{{cite book |title=Mysterious Book |date=1901}}
Basic usage (single author)
*{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Joe |author-link=Joe Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs}}
Basic usage (two authors)
*{{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |author-link1=Joe Bloggs |last2=Bloggs |first2=Fred |author-link2=Fred Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs}}
Basic usage with url (and access-date) and edition
*{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Joe |author-link=Joe Bloggs |date=1974 |title=Book of Bloggs |edition=1st |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/ |access-date=February 17, 2006}}
Citing a chapter in a book with different authors for different chapters and an editor
*{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Fred |date=January 1, 2001 |editor-last=Doe |editor-first=John |title=Big Compilation Book with Many Chapters and Distinct Chapter Authors |publisher=Book Publishers |pages=100–110 |chapter=Chapter 2: The History of the Bloggs Family |isbn=}}
Citing a chapter in a book with two joint authors and an editor
*{{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |last2=Egg |first2=Fred |date=January 1, 2001 |editor-last=Doe |editor-first=John |title=Big Book with Many Chapters and Two Co-authors |publisher=Book Publishers |orig-date=1st pub. 1986 |pages=100–110 |chapter=Chapter 6: Getting There |chapter-url=https://en.wikipedia.org/ |isbn= |name-list-style=amp}}
Three authors, title with a differently-named title link, edition
*{{cite book |last1=Bloggs |first1=Joe |author-link1=Joe Bloggs |last2=Smith |first2=John |last3=Smythe |first3=Jim |title=1000 Acres |title-link=A Thousand Acres |edition=2nd}}
Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (without volume and lastauthoramp)
*{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G. M. S. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2007 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East. Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-65-3}}
Complex usage showing effect of using volume parameter and lastauthoramp parameter (with volume and lastauthoramp)
*{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G. M. S. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2007 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East |volume=I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |name-list-style=amp}}
Date without day, wikilinked title, publisher, pages, edition, location
*{{cite book |last1=Cordell |first1=Bruce R. |last2=Grubb |first2=Jeff |last3=Noonan |first3=David |date=September 2001 |title=Manual of the Planes |title-link=Manual of the Planes |edition=3rd |publisher=Wizards of the Coast |location=Renton, Washington |isbn=0-7869-1850-0 |pages=134–137}}
Other language
*{{cite book |last=Bloggs |first=Jean |date=1974 |title=Livre de Bloggs |edition=1st |language=French |trans-title=Book of Bloggs |url=https://en.wikipedia.org/ |access-date=February 17, 2006}}
{{cite book}}
: CS1 սպաս․ չճանաչված լեզու (link)Using a DOI
*{{cite book |last=Mumford |first=David |author-link=David Mumford |date=1999 |title=The Red Book of Varieties and Schemes: Includes the Michigan Lectures (1974) on Curves and Their Jacobians |edition=2nd |publisher=Springer-Verlag |doi=10.1007/b62130 |isbn=354063293X}}
Using author-mask parameter
*{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G. M. S. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2004 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |name-list-style=amp}}
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Flynn |first2=F. C. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2004 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume II: The Germans Come to the Help of Their Ally (1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-66-1 |name-list-style=amp |author-mask=2}}
{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Flynn |first2=F. C. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Gleave |first4=T. P. |date=2004 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=Sir James |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=The Mediterranean and Middle East, Volume III: British Fortunes Reach Their Lowest Ebb (September 1941 to September 1942) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-67-X |name-list-style=amp |author-mask=2}}
Using display-authors parameter
*{{cite book |last1=Playfair |first1=I. S. O. |author-link1=Ian Stanley Ord Playfair |last2=Stitt |first2=G. M. S. |last3=Molony |first3=C. J. C. |last4=Toomer |first4=S. E. |date=2004 |orig-date=1st pub. [[HMSO]]:1954 |editor-last=Butler |editor-first=J. R. M. |editor-link=James Ramsay Montagu Butler |series=History of the Second World War, United Kingdom Military Series |title=Mediterranean and Middle East Volume I: The Early Successes Against Italy (to May 1941) |publisher=Naval & Military Press |location=Uckfield, East Sussex |isbn=1-845740-65-3 |display-authors=1}}
Ներդրուկ պարամետրերը կախյալ են իրենց ծնողական պարամետրերից.
This template embeds COinS metadata in the HTML output, allowing reference management software to retrieve bibliographic metadata. As a general rule, only one data item per parameter. Do not include explanatory or alternate text:
|date=27 September 2007
not |date=27 September 2007 (print version 25 September)
Use of templates within the citation template is discouraged because many of these templates will add extraneous HTML or CSS that will be included raw in the metadata. Also, HTML entities, for example
, –
, etc, should not be used in parameters that contribute to the metadata. Do not include Wiki markup ''
(italic font) or '''
(bold font) because these markup characters will contaminate the metadata.
|periodical=
, |journal=
, |newspaper=
, |magazine=
, |work=
, |website=
, |encyclopedia=
, |encyclopaedia=
, |dictionary=
|chapter=
, |contribution=
, |entry=
, |article=
, |section=
|title=
|publication-place=
, |publicationplace=
, |place=
, |location=
|date=
, |year=
, |publication-date=
, |publicationdate=
|series=
, |version=
|volume=
|issue=
, |number=
|page=
, |pages=
, |at=
|edition=
|publisher=
, |distributor=
, |institution=
|url=
|chapter-url=
, |chapterurl=
, |contribution-url=
, |contributionurl=
, |section-url=
, |sectionurl=
|author#=
, |author-last#=
, |author#-last=
, |last#=
, |surname#=
|author-first#=
, |author#-first=
, |first#=
, |given#=
|isbn=
, |issn=
, |doi=
, |pmc=
, etc)Կաղապար:Citation Style documentation/whats new
None of the cs1|2 parameters is deprecated.
|author=Bono
). Aliases: surname, author, last1, surname1, author1.
|first1=...
|last1=...
|author2=...
.vanc
and when the list uses last
/first
parameters for the name list(s).|vauthors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corporation))
|vauthors=
as described above{{sfn}}
links to multiple-work citations by the same author in the same year.[more] Do not wikilink. Displays after the authors and is enclosed in parentheses. If there is no author, then displays after publisher. c.
", like this: |date=c. 1900
.
|date=n.d.
|date=
is recommended unless all of the following conditions are met:
|ref=harv
, or the template is {{citation}}
, or |mode=cs2
|date=
format is YYYY-MM-DD.CITEREF
disambiguator.|orig-year=First published 1859
or |orig-year=Composed 1904
. Alias: origyeardmy
– set publication dates to day month year format; access- and archive-dates are not modified;mdy
– as above for month day, year formatymd
– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DDdmy-all
– set publication, access-, and archive-dates to day month year format;mdy-all
– as above for month day, year formatymd-all
– as above for year initial numeric format YYYY-MM-DD
... |title=Tōkyō tawā |script-title=ja:東京タワー |trans-title=Tokyo Tower ...
newline | [ | ] | | |
---|---|---|---|
space | [ | ] | {{!}} (preferred) |
{{bracket|text}} | | or {{pipe}} – |
... |chapter=Tōkyō tawā |script-chapter=ja:東京タワー |trans-chapter=Tokyo Tower ...
|language=French, German
. The use of language names or language codes recognized by Wikimedia adds the page to the appropriate subcategory of Կատեգորիա:CS1 foreign language sources; do not use templates or wikilinks. Note: When the language is "English" (or "en"), no language is displayed in the citation. Note: When two or more languages are listed there is no need to include "and" before the last language. "and" is inserted automatically by the template.|edition=2nd
produces "2nd ed." Does not display if a periodical field is defined.|page=
or |pages=
, but not both. Displays preceded by p.
unless |nopp=y
.|page=
or |pages=
, but not both. Separate using an en dash (–); separate non-sequential pages with a comma (,); do not use to indicate the total number of pages in the source. Displays preceded by pp.
unless |nopp=y
. Hyphens are automatically converted to en dashes; if hyphens are appropriate, for example: pp. 3-1–3-15, use |pages=3{{hyphen}}1–3{{hyphen}}15
or |at=pp. 3-1–3-15
.
p.
or pp.
notations where this is inappropriate; for example, where |page=Front cover
or |pages=passim
.|page=
or |pages=
. Use only one of |page=
, |pages=
, or |at=
.#ixzz2rBr3aO94
or ?utm_source=google&utm_medium=...&utm_term=...&utm_campaign=...
. For Google Books pages, see WP:PAGELINKS. Do not link to any commercial booksellers, such as Amazon.com. Invalid URLs, including those containing spaces, will result in an error message.
|dead-url=no
) the archived link is displayed first, with the original link at the end. Alias: archiveurl.
|dead-url=yes
. Equivalent values are y or true. When the URL is still live, but pre-emptively archived, then set |dead-url=no
; this changes the display order, with the title retaining the original link and the archive linked at the end. When the original URL has been usurped for the purposes of spam, advertising, or is otherwise unsuitable, setting |dead-url=unfit
or |dead-url=usurped
suppresses display of the original URL (but |url=
is still required). Alias: deadurl.|template-doc-demo=true
to disable categorization; mainly used for documentation where the error is demonstrated. Alias: no-cat.http://
and https://
will be supported by all browsers; however, ftp://
, gopher://
, irc://
, ircs://
, mailto:
and news:
may require a plug-in or an external application and should normally be avoided. IPv6 host-names are currently not supported.%20
. To encode the URL, replace the following characters with:sp | " | ' | < | > | [ | ] | { | | | } |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
%20 | %22 | %27 | %3c | %3e | %5b | %5d | %7b | %7c | %7d |
|ref=ID
generates an anchor with the given ID (the id
attribute in the citation's <cite id="ID">
HTML tag). Setting |ref=ID
identifies the template as a target and allows wikilinking to full references, especially useful with short-form citations like shortened notes and parenthetical referencing. The special value |ref=harv
generates an anchor identifier suitable for use with {{sfn}} and {{harv}} templates. When |mode=cs2
defaults to |ref=harv
.
|id=NCJ 122967
will append "NCJ 122967" at the end of the citation. You can use templates such as |id={{NCJ|122967}}
to append Կաղապար:NCJ instead.These identifiers create links and are designed to accept a single value. Using multiple values or other text will break the link and/or invalidate the identifier. In general, the parameters should include only the variable part of the identifier, e.g. rfc=822
or pmc=345678
.
arxiv=hep-th/9205027
(before April 2007) or arxiv=0706.0001
or arxiv=1501.00001
(since April 2007). Do not include extraneous file extensions like ".pdf" or ".html".au
, br
, ca
, cn
, co.jp
, co.uk
, de
, es
, fr
, it
, mx
1974AJ.....79..819H
078733
for http://biorxiv.org/content/early/2016/10/01/078733 or https://dx.doi.org/10.1101/078733)10.1.1.176.341
for http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.176.341 )10.1038/news070508-7
. It is checked to ensure it begins with (10.
).
978-0-8126-9593-9
. Dashes in the ISBN are optional, but preferred. Use the ISBN actually printed on or in the book. Use the 13-digit ISBN – beginning with 978 or 979 – when it is available. If only a 10-digit ISBN is printed on or in the book, use it. ISBNs can be found on the page with the publisher's information – usually the back of the title page – or beneath the barcode as a number beginning with 978 or 979 (barcodes beginning with any other numbers are not ISBNs). For sources with the older 9-digit SBN system, prefix the number with a zero; thus, SBN 902888-45-5 should be entered as |isbn=0-902888-45-5
. Do not convert a 10-digit ISBN to 13-digit by just adding the 978 prefix; the last digit is a calculated check digit and just making changes to the numbers will make the ISBN invalid. This parameter should hold only the ISBN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens, with "X" permitted as the last character in a 10-digit ISBN – and the proper check digit. Alias: ISBN979-0-9016791-7-7
. Hyphens or spaces in the ISMN are optional. Use the ISMN actually printed on or in the work. This parameter should hold only the ISMN without any additional characters. It is checked for length, invalid characters – anything other than numbers, spaces, and hyphens – and the proper check digit. Alias: ISMNjstor=3793107
will generate JSTOR 3793107.pmc=345678
. Do not include "PMC" in the value.
|editor-first1=...
|editor-last1=...
|editor2=...
.vanc
and when the list uses last
/first
parameters for the name list(s)|veditors=Smythe JB, ((Megabux Corporation))
|veditors=
, as described above|mode=cs1
, element separator and terminal punctuation is a period (.
); where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are capitalized ('Retrieved...'). For |mode=cs2
, element separator is a comma (,
); terminal punctuation is omitted; where appropriate, initial letters of certain words are not capitalized ('retrieved...'). To override default terminal punctuation use postscript.{{reflist}}
, <references />
or similar as there is no control of the order in which references are displayed. You can also use editor-mask and translator-mask in the same way.|display-authors=2
will display only the first two authors in a citation. By default, all authors are displayed. |display-authors=etal
displays all authors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: displayauthors.|display-editors=2
will display only the first two editors in a citation. By default, all editors are displayed. |display-editors=etal
displays all editors in the list followed by et al. Aliases: displayeditors. &
) when set to y
, yes
, or true
. Example: |last-author-amp=yes
.
); for no terminating punctuation, specify |postscript=none
– leaving |postscript=
empty is the same as omitting it, but is ambiguous. Ignored if quote is defined.Citations of online sources that require registration or a subscription are acceptable in Wikipedia as documented in Verifiability – Access to sources. As a courtesy to readers and other editors, editors can signal the access restrictions of the external links included in a citation.
Four access levels can be used:
free
: the source is free to read for anyone (this applies in particular to articles in open access)registration
: a free registration is required to access the sourcelimited
: there are other constraints (such as a cap on daily views) to freely access this sourcesubscription
: the source is only accessible via a paid subscriptionAs there are often multiple external links with different access levels in the same citation, these values are attributed to a particular external link.
|url=
Links inserted with |url=
are expected to be free to read by default. If not, editors can use one of
|url-access=subscription
|url-access=registration
|url-access=limited
to indicate the relevant access restriction.
Links inserted by identifiers such as |doi=
are not expected to offer a free full text by default. If they do, editors can use |doi-access=free
(in the case of |doi=
) to indicate the relevant access level. The following identifiers are supported:
|bibcode=
with |bibcode-access=free
|doi=
with |doi-access=free
|hdl=
with |hdl-access=free
|jstor=
with |jstor-access=free
|ol=
with |ol-access=free
|osti=
with |osti-access=free
Some identifiers always link to free full texts. In this case, the access level is automatically indicated by the template. This is the case for |arxiv=
, |biorxiv=
, |citeseerx=
, |pmc=
, |rfc=
and |ssrn=
.
The parameters |registration=yes
and |subscription=yes
can also be used to indicate the access level of a citation. However, they do not indicate which link they apply to, so editors are encouraged to use |url-access=registration
and |url-access=subscription
instead, when the restriction applies to |url=
. If the restriction applies to an identifier, these parameters should be omitted.
These parameters add a link note to the end of the citation:
|registration=yes
(or y
, or true
); superseded by subscription if both are set.|subscription=yes
(or y
, or true
); supersedes registration if both are set.Setting |registration=
or |subscription=
to any value other than y
, yes
, or true
will generate an error message.
Seamless Wikipedia browsing. On steroids.
Every time you click a link to Wikipedia, Wiktionary or Wikiquote in your browser's search results, it will show the modern Wikiwand interface.
Wikiwand extension is a five stars, simple, with minimum permission required to keep your browsing private, safe and transparent.