𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺

Ashokan Prakrit

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *bʰuH-

Sanskrit भव॑ति (bhávati)

Ashokan Prakrit 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (bhavati)

Inherited from Sanskrit भव॑ति (bhávati), from Proto-Indo-Iranian *bʰáwHati, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰewHeti.

Verb

𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (bhavati)

1. to be; become
   • c. 256 BCE, Aśoka, Major Rock Edict 6 Girnar:

     𑀬 𑀘 𑀓𑀺𑀁𑀘𑀺 𑀫𑀼𑀔𑀢 𑀆𑀜𑀧𑀬𑀸𑀫𑀺 𑀲𑁆𑀯𑀬𑀁 𑀤𑀸𑀧𑀓𑀁 𑀯𑀸 𑀲𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀯𑀸𑀧𑀓𑀁 𑀯𑀸 𑀬 𑀯𑀸 𑀧𑀼𑀦 𑀫𑀳𑀸𑀫𑀸𑀢𑁆𑀭𑁂𑀲𑀼 𑀆𑀘𑀸𑀬𑀺𑀓𑁂 𑀅𑀭𑁄𑀧𑀺𑀢𑀫 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 𑀢𑀸𑀬 𑀅𑀣𑀸𑀬 𑀯𑀺𑀯𑀸𑀤𑁄 𑀦𑀺𑀛𑀢𑀻 𑀯 𑀲𑀁𑀢𑁄 𑀧𑀭𑀺𑀲𑀸𑀬𑀁 𑀆𑀦𑀁𑀢𑀭𑀁 𑀧𑀝𑀺𑀯𑁂𑀤𑁂𑀢𑀯𑁆𑀬𑀁 𑀫𑁂 𑀲𑀭𑁆𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀭 𑀲𑀭𑁆𑀯𑁂 𑀓𑀸𑀮𑁂

     ya ca kiṃci mukhata āñapayāmi svayaṃ dāpakaṃ vā srāvāpakaṃ vā ya vā puna mahāmātresu ācāyike aropitama bhavati tāya athāya vivādo nijhatī va saṃto parisāyaṃ ānaṃtaraṃ paṭivedetavyaṃ me sarvatra sarve kāle

     • 1925 translation by Eugen Hultzsch

       And if in the council a dispute arises, or an amendment is moved, in connexion with any donation or proclamation which I myself am ordering verbally, or (in connexion with) an emergent matter which has been delegated to the Mahāmātras, it must be reported to me immediately, anywhere, at any time.

Alternative forms

Attested at Girnar.

Dialectal forms of 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (“be”)
Variety	Location	Lemmas	Forms edit
Central	Kalsi	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)
	Delhi-Topra	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)
	Rupnath	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)	𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀼 3pl.aor (husu), 𑀲𑀺𑀬𑀸 3sg.potn (siyā)
	Sahasram	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀼 3sg.imp (hotu)
	Gujarra	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀼 3sg.imp (hotu)
	Panguraria	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)	𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ), 𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀼 3pl.aor (husu), 𑀳𑁄𑀲𑀺𑀢𑀺 3sg.fut (hositi)
	Bahapur	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)	?𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (hoti)
	Ahraura	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀽 3sg.imp (hotū)
East	Dhauli	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)
	Jaugada	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)
Northwest	Shahbazgarhi	𐨧𐨆𐨟𐨁 (bhoti)
	Mansehra	𐨧𐨆𐨟𐨁 (bhoti), 𐨱𐨆𐨟𐨁 (hoti)
West	Girnar	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti), 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (bhavati)
South	Yerragudi	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)	𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ), 𑀳𑁄𑀢 3sg.pres (hota), 𑀲𑀺𑀬𑀸 3sg.potn (siyā)
	Siddapura	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)	𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ), ?𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (hoti)
	Brahmagiri	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)	𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ)
	Rajula-Mandagiri	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)	𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ), 𑀳𑁄𑀢 3sg.pres (hota), ?𑀲𑀺𑀬𑀸 3sg.potn (siyā)
	Udegolam	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)	?𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ), 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (hoti), 𑀳𑀼𑀯𑁂𑀬𑀸 3sg.potn (huveyā)
	Nittur	𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti)	𑀳𑀼𑀲𑀁 1sg.aor (husaṃ), 𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 3sg.pres (hoti), 𑀳𑀼𑀯𑁂𑀬𑀸 3sg.potn (huveyā)

Map of dialectal forms of 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (“be”)
𑀳𑁄𑀢𑀺 (hoti) (29) 𐨧𐨆𐨟𐨁 (bhoti) (2) 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (bhavati) (1) 𐨱𐨆𐨟𐨁 (hoti) (1)

Descendants

• Dardic:
  • Ashkun: [script needed] (bōm, “to be”)
  • Dameli: [script needed] (bum)
  • Domaaki: [script needed] (huína, “to become, be”)
  • Gawar-Bati: بو (bō), بم (bima)
  • Indus Kohistani: [script needed] (hō̆-)
  • Kalami: [script needed] (hū-, “to be, become”)
  • Kalasha: [script needed] (hāw-, “to become”)
  • Kashmiri: بۄوُن (bọwun, “to become”)
  • Khowar: بک (bik, “to become”), بوم (bōm)
  • Phalura: ہن (hinu)
  • Shina: بوک (boĭki̯, “to become”)
    • Kohistani Shina: بون (bōnṷ, “to be”)
  • Shumashti: [script needed] (bo-, “to become”)
  • Torwali: حو (hō)
  • Ushojo: بون (bōn)
  • Wotapuri-Katarqalai: [script needed] (wō-)
• Prakrit: 𑀳𑁄𑀇 (hoi), 𑀪𑁄𑀤𑀺 (bhodi) — Śaurasenī, 𑀪𑀯𑀇 (bhavaï), 𑀪𑀯𑀏 (bhavae), 𑀳𑀼𑀯𑁃 (huvai) (see there for further descendants)

Pali

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• bhavati (Latin script)
• भवति (Devanagari script)
• ভৰতি (Bengali script)
• භවති (Sinhalese script)
• ဘဝတိ or ꧤဝတိ (Burmese script)
• ภวติ or ภะวะติ (Thai script)
• ᨽᩅᨲᩥ (Tai Tham script)
• ຠວຕິ or ຠະວະຕິ or ພະວະຕິ (Lao script)
• ភវតិ (Khmer script)
• 𑄞𑅇𑄖𑄨 (Chakma script)

Verb

𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (root bhū, first conjugation)

1. Brahmi script form of bhavati (“to become”)

Conjugation

	Active		Middle
	Singular	Plural	Singular	Plural
Present
1st	𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫𑀺 (bhavāmi)	𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫 (bhavāma)	𑀪𑀯𑁂 (bhave)	𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (bhavāmhe)
2nd	𑀪𑀯𑀲𑀺 (bhavasi)	𑀪𑀯𑀣 (bhavatha)	𑀪𑀯𑀲𑁂 (bhavase)	𑀪𑀯𑀯𑁆𑀳𑁂 (bhavavhe)
3rd	𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (bhavati)	𑀪𑀯𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀺 (bhavanti)	𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁂 (bhavate)	𑀪𑀯𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁂 (bhavante) or 𑀪𑀯𑀭𑁂 (bhavare)
Imperfect
1st	𑀅𑀪𑀯 (abhava) or 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀁 (abhavaṃ) or 𑀪𑀯 (bhava) or 𑀪𑀯𑀁 (bhavaṃ)	𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸 (abhavamhā) or 𑀪𑀯𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀸 (bhavamhā)	𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀺𑀁 (abhaviṃ) or 𑀪𑀯𑀺𑀁 (bhaviṃ)	𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁂 (abhavāmhase) or 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁂 (abhavamhase) or 𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁂 (bhavāmhase) or 𑀪𑀯𑀫𑁆𑀳𑀲𑁂 (bhavamhase)
2nd	𑀅𑀪𑀯𑁄 (abhavo) or 𑀪𑀯𑁄 (bhavo)	𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀣 (abhavattha) or 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀣 (bhavattha)	𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀲𑁂 (abhavase) or 𑀪𑀯𑀲𑁂 (bhavase)	𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀯𑁆𑀳𑀁 (abhavavhaṃ) or 𑀪𑀯𑀯𑁆𑀳𑀁 (bhavavhaṃ)
3rd	𑀅𑀪𑀯 (abhava) or 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀸 (abhavā) or 𑀪𑀯 (bhava) or 𑀪𑀯𑀸 (bhavā)	𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀼 (abhavu) or 𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀽 (abhavū) or 𑀪𑀯𑀼 (bhavu) or 𑀪𑀯𑀽 (bhavū)	𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀣 (abhavattha) or 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀣 (bhavattha)	𑀅𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀼𑀁 (abhavatthuṃ) or 𑀪𑀯𑀢𑁆𑀣𑀼𑀁 (bhavatthuṃ)
Imperative
1st	𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫𑀺 (bhavāmi)	𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫 (bhavāma)	𑀪𑀯𑁂 (bhave)	𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀫𑀲𑁂 (bhavāmase)
2nd	𑀪𑀯 (bhava) or 𑀪𑀯𑀸𑀳𑀺 (bhavāhi)	𑀪𑀯𑀣 (bhavatha)	𑀪𑀯𑀲𑁆𑀲𑀼 (bhavassu)	𑀪𑀯𑀯𑁆𑀳𑁄 (bhavavho)
3rd	𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀼 (bhavatu)	𑀪𑀯𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀼 (bhavantu)	𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀁 (bhavataṃ)	𑀪𑀯𑀦𑁆𑀢𑀁 (bhavantaṃ)
Optative
1st	𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀫𑀺 (bhaveyyāmi) or 𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀁 (bhaveyyaṃ) or 𑀪𑀯𑁂 (bhave)	𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀫 (bhaveyyāma)	𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀁 (bhaveyyaṃ)	𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀫𑁆𑀳𑁂 (bhaveyyāmhe)
2nd	𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀲𑀺 (bhaveyyāsi) or 𑀪𑀯𑁂 (bhave)	𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀸𑀣 (bhaveyyātha)	𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀣𑁄 (bhavetho)	𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀯𑁆𑀳𑁄 (bhaveyyavho)
3rd	𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬 (bhaveyya) or 𑀪𑀯𑁂 (bhave)	𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀬𑁆𑀬𑀼𑀁 (bhaveyyuṃ)	𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀣 (bhavetha)	𑀪𑀯𑁂𑀭𑀁 (bhaveraṃ)

Conjugation of "𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺"

• Present active participle: 𑀪𑀯𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆 (bhavant), which see for forms and usage
• Present middle participle: 𑀪𑀯𑀫𑀸𑀦 (bhavamāna), which see for forms and usage
• Past participle: 𑀪𑀽𑀢 (bhūta), which see for forms and usage

Adjective

𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 (bhavati)

1. Brahmi script form of bhavati, which is masculine/neuter locative singular of 𑀪𑀯𑀦𑁆𑀢𑁆 (bhavant), present participle of the verb above

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• ভৱতি (Assamese script)
• ᬪᬯᬢᬶ (Balinese script)
• ভবতি (Bengali script)
• 𑰥𑰪𑰝𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• ဘဝတိ (Burmese script)
• भवति (Devanagari script)
• ભવતિ (Gujarati script)
• ਭਵਤਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌭𑌵𑌤𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦨꦮꦠꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂦𑂫𑂞𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಭವತಿ (Kannada script)
• ភវតិ (Khmer script)
• ຠວຕິ (Lao script)
• ഭവതി (Malayalam script)
• ᢨᠠᠸᠠᢠᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘥𑘪𑘝𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠪᠾᠠᠸᠠᢐᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧅𑧊𑦽𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐨𑐰𑐟𑐶 (Newa script)
• ଭଵତି (Odia script)
• ꢩꢮꢡꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆨𑆮𑆠𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖥𑖪𑖝𑖰 (Siddham script)
• භවති (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩳𑩾𑩫𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚡𑚦𑚙𑚮 (Takri script)
• ப⁴வதி (Tamil script)
• భవతి (Telugu script)
• ภวติ (Thai script)
• བྷ་ཝ་ཏི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒦𑒫𑒞𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨡𑨭𑨙𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Verb

𑀪𑀯𑀢𑀺 • (bhavati) third-singular indicative

1. Brahmi script form of भवति (“to be”)