腐

腐 U+8150, 腐 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8150 ← 腏 [U+814F] CJK Unified Ideographs 腑 → [U+8151]

Translingual

Han character

腐 (Kangxi radical 130, 肉+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 戈戈人月人 (IIOBO), four-corner 0022₇, composition ⿸府肉)

Derived characters

• 𭬙, 𫓘, 𮌾

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 987, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 29625
• Dae Jaweon: page 1439, character 15
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 5, page 2933, character 3
• Unihan data for U+8150

Chinese

simp. and trad.		腐

Glyph origin

	Old Chinese
鉜	*bu
跗	*po, *bos
柎	*po
腑	*poʔ
俯	*poʔ
府	*poʔ
付	*pos
咐	*pos
怤	*pʰo
泭	*pʰo, *bo
姇	*pʰo
紨	*pʰo
拊	*pʰoʔ
弣	*pʰoʔ
符	*bo
苻	*bo
坿	*bo, *bos
腐	*boʔ
附	*bos
駙	*bos
鮒	*bos
袝	*bos
蚹	*bos
胕	*bos

Characters in the same phonetic series (付) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *boʔ) : phonetic 府 (OC *poʔ) + semantic 肉 (“ribs, flesh, body”) – decay as aspect of the flesh.

Pronunciation

Variety	Location	edit 腐
Mandarin	Beijing	/fu²¹⁴/
	Harbin	/fu²¹³/
	Tianjin	/fu¹³/
	Jinan	/fu⁴²/
	Qingdao	/fu⁵⁵/
	Zhengzhou	/fu⁵³/
	Xi'an	/fu⁵³/
	Xining	/fv̩⁵³/
	Yinchuan	/fu⁵³/
	Lanzhou	/fu⁴⁴²/
	Ürümqi	/fu⁵¹/
	Wuhan	/fu⁴²/
	Chengdu	/fu⁵³/
	Guiyang	/fu⁴²/
	Kunming	/fu⁵³/
	Nanjing	/fu²¹²/
	Hefei	/fu²⁴/
Jin	Taiyuan	/fu⁵³/
	Pingyao	/xu⁵³/
	Hohhot	/fu⁵³/ ～竹 /fəʔ⁴³/ 豆～
Wu	Shanghai	/ɦu²³/ /vu²³/
	Suzhou	/vu³¹/
	Hangzhou	/vu¹³/
	Wenzhou	/vøy²²/
Hui	Shexian	/fu³⁵/
	Tunxi	/fu³¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/fu⁴¹/
	Xiangtan	/ɸu⁴²/
Gan	Nanchang	/fu²¹³/ 豆～
Hakka	Meixian	/fu⁵³/ 豆～
	Taoyuan	/fu³¹/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/fu²²/
	Nanning	/fu²²/
	Hong Kong	/fu²²/
Min	Xiamen (Hokkien)	/hu⁵³/ /hu²²/
	Fuzhou (Eastern Min)	/pou²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Northern Min)	/xu²¹/ /xu⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Teochew)	/hu³³/ /hu³⁵/
	Haikou (Hainanese)	/fu³¹/ ～敗 /hu²³/ 豆～

Rime
Character	腐
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	虞 (24)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	扶雨切
Baxter	bjuX
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bɨoX/
Pan Wuyun	/bioX/
Shao Rongfen	/bioX/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/buə̆X/
Li Rong	/bioX/
Wang Li	/bĭuX/
Bernhard Karlgren	/bʱi̯uX/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fù
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fu6

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	腐
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	fǔ
Middle Chinese	‹ bjuX ›
Old Chinese	/*[b](r)oʔ/
English	rotten
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	腐
Reading #	1/1
No.	3524
Phonetic component	付
Rime group	侯
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	父
Old Chinese	/*boʔ/

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): fǔ (fu³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄨˇ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): fu³

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): fu⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): fu⁵

• Gan (Wiktionary): fu³
• Hakka

  (Sixian, PFS): fú / fû / fu

  (Meixian, Guangdong): fu⁴

• Jin (Wiktionary): fu²
• Northern Min (KCR): hǔ / hū
• Eastern Min (BUC): bô / hô
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): hū / hú

  (Teochew, Peng'im): hu¹ / hu⁷

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶wu; ⁶vu
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): fu³

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fǔ
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄨˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fǔ
    • Wade–Giles: fu³
    • Yale: fǔ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fuu
    • Palladius: фу (fu)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu²¹⁴/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: fu³
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: fu
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu⁵³/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: fu⁶
    • Yale: fuh
    • Cantonese Pinyin: fu⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: fu⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fuː²²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: fu⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu³²/
• Gan
  • (Nanchang)
    • Wiktionary: fu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fu²¹³/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: fú / fû / fu
    • Hakka Romanization System: fu^ˋ / fu^ˊ / fu
    • Hagfa Pinyim: fu³ / fu¹ / fu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /fu³¹/, /fu²⁴/, /fu⁵⁵/
  • (Meixian)
    • Guangdong: fu⁴
    • Sinological IPA: /fu⁵³/

Note:

• Sixian:
  • fû - to become powdery from decay;
  • fu - in 豆腐.

• Jin
  • (Taiyuan)⁺
    • Wiktionary: fu²
    • Sinological IPA (old-style): /fu⁵³/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hǔ / hū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /xu²¹/, /xu⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: bô / hô
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pou²⁴²/, /hou²⁴²/
Note:
• bô - vernacular;
• hô - literary.
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hū / hú
    • Tâi-lô: hū / hú
    • Phofsit Daibuun: hu, huo
    • IPA (Xiamen): /hu²²/, /hu⁵³/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /hu⁴¹/, /hu⁵⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /hu²²/, /hu⁵³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /hu³³/, /hu⁵³/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /hu³³/, /hu⁴¹/
Note:
• hū - vernacular;
• hú - literary.
• • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: hu¹ / hu⁷
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hu / hū
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hu³³/, /hu¹¹/
Note: hu7 - used in 豆腐.
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶wu; ⁶vu
    • MiniDict: wu^去; vu^去
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhu; ³vu
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ɦu²³/, /vu²³/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: fu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɸu⁴¹/

---

• Dialectal data

---

• Middle Chinese: bjuX

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[b](r)oʔ/

  (Zhengzhang): /*boʔ/

Definitions

腐

1. to rot; to decay; to spoil

   • 肉腐出蟲，魚枯生蠹。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     肉腐出虫，鱼枯生蠹。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Xunzi, c. 3^rd century BCE

     Ròu fǔ chū chóng, yú kū shēng dù. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. stale; antiquated; inflexible
3. tofu; bean curd

   豆腐  ―  dòufǔ  ―  tofu

   腐乳  ―  fǔrǔ  ―  fermented bean curd

4. (historical) castration (as a form of punishment)
5. (ACG, often attributive) yaoi; boys' love; BL

   腐女  ―  fǔnǚ  ―  fujoshi

Compounds

• 乳腐 (rǔfǔ)
• 凍豆腐 / 冻豆腐
• 刀切豆腐
• 切齒腐心 / 切齿腐心
• 吃豆腐 (chī dòufu)
• 孤雛腐鼠 / 孤雏腐鼠
• 摧枯折腐
• 杏仁豆腐
• 板腐
• 槁骨腐肉
• 熏腐
• 物腐蟲生 / 物腐虫生
• 磨豆腐
• 糟豆腐
• 紅腐貫朽 / 红腐贯朽
• 老腐敗 / 老腐败
• 老豆腐 (lǎodòufu)
• 脣腐齒落 / 唇腐齿落
• 腐乳 (fǔrǔ)
• 腐人
• 腐儒 (fǔrú)
• 腐刑 (fǔxíng)
• 腐化 (fǔhuà)
• 腐化分子
• 腐史
• 腐壞 / 腐坏 (fǔhuài)
• 腐心
• 腐惡 / 腐恶
• 腐敗 / 腐败 (fǔbài)
• 腐朽 (fǔxiǔ)
• 腐植土
• 腐植質 / 腐植质
• 腐殖質 / 腐殖质 (fǔzhízhì)
• 腐氣 / 腐气
• 腐熟
• 腐爛 / 腐烂 (fǔlàn)
• 腐生 (fǔshēng)
• 腐生植物
• 腐病 (fǔbìng)
• 腐竹 (fǔzhú)
• 腐肉 (fǔròu)
• 腐腸之藥 / 腐肠之药
• 腐臭 (fǔchòu)
• 腐草
• 腐蝕 / 腐蚀 (fǔshí)
• 腐蝕劑 / 腐蚀剂 (fǔshíjì)
• 腐酒
• 腐餘 / 腐余
• 腐鼠
• 臭豆腐 (chòudòufu)
• 豆腐
• 豆腐乳 (dòufurǔ)
• 豆腐乾 / 豆腐干
• 豆腐官
• 豆腐干
• 豆腐心
• 豆腐皮 (dòufupí)
• 豆腐腦 / 豆腐脑 (dòufunǎo)
• 豆腐衣
• 豆腐西施
• 豆腐飯 / 豆腐饭 (dòufufàn)
• 豆腐鯊 / 豆腐鲨 (dòufushā)
• 貫朽粟腐 / 贯朽粟腐
• 貪汙腐化 / 贪污腐化
• 迂腐 (yūfǔ)
• 酸腐
• 醬豆腐 / 酱豆腐 (jiàngdòufu)
• 防腐 (fángfǔ)
• 防腐劑 / 防腐剂 (fángfǔjì)
• 陳腐 / 陈腐 (chénfǔ)
• 鴟得腐鼠 / 鸱得腐鼠
• 麻婆豆腐 (mápó dòufu)

Descendants

• → Isan: ฟุย
• → Lao: ຟຸຍ (fu nya)

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 腐

腐

(Jōyō kanji)

1. to spoil, rot, corrode, moulder
2. to speak ill of

Readings

• Go-on: ぶ (bu)
• Kan-on: ふ (fu, Jōyō)
• Kun: くさる (kusaru, 腐る, Jōyō)、くされる (kusareru, 腐れる, Jōyō)、くさす (kusasu, 腐す)、くさらす (kusarasu, 腐らす, Jōyō)

Derived terms

Compounds

• 腐食(ふしょく) (fushoku)
• 腐敗(ふはい) (fuhai)
• 豆腐(とうふ) (tōfu)
• 腐男子(ふだんし) (fudanshi)
• 腐女子(ふじょし) (fujoshi)

Korean

Etymology

From Middle Chinese 腐 (MC bjuX).

Hanja

腐 (eumhun 썩을 부 (sseogeul bu))

1. hanja form^? of 부 (“rot, decay, spoil”)

Vietnamese

Han character

腐: Hán Nôm readings: hủ, phụ

1. chữ Hán form of hủ (“to spoil, to rot”).

Derived terms

• 古腐 (cổ hủ)
• 腐女 (hủ nữ)
• 腐敗 (hủ bại)
• 豆腐 (đậu hủ)