年下

Chinese

		year	under; next; lower under; next; lower; below; underneath; down(wards); to go down; latter
simp. and trad. (年下)		年	下
anagram		下年

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): niánxia, niánxià

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˊ ˙ㄒㄧㄚ, ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nin⁴ haa⁶
• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ngièn-hâ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Mainland, variant in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: niánxia
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ ˙ㄒㄧㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: niánsiå
    • Wade–Giles: nien²-hsia⁵
    • Yale: nyán-sya
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nian.shia
    • Palladius: нянься (njanʹsja)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛn³⁵ ɕi̯ä³/
      
  • (Standard Chinese, standard in Taiwan)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: niánxià
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: niánsià
    • Wade–Giles: nien²-hsia⁴
    • Yale: nyán-syà
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nianshiah
    • Palladius: нянься (njanʹsja)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛn³⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: nin⁴ haa⁶
    • Yale: nìhn hah
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nin⁴ haa⁶
    • Guangdong Romanization: nin⁴ ha⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niːn²¹ haː²²/
• Hakka
  • (Southern Sixian, incl. Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ngièn-hâ
    • Hakka Romanization System: ngien^ˇ ha^ˊ
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ngian² ha¹
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋi̯en¹¹ ha²⁴/

Noun

年下

1. (colloquial) period around the Chinese New Year

Synonyms

• (Hakka) 年下仔

Etymology 2

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 年下(としした) (toshishita).

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): niánxià

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: niánxià
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄒㄧㄚˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: niánsià
    • Wade–Giles: nien²-hsia⁴
    • Yale: nyán-syà
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: nianshiah
    • Palladius: нянься (njanʹsja)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛn³⁵ ɕi̯ä⁵¹/

Noun

年下

1. (ACG) younger person (in yaoi)

Japanese

Kanji in this term
年	下
とし Grade: 1	した Grade: 1
kun'yomi

Etymology

Compound of 年 (toshi, “year; age”) +‎ 下 (shita, “down; low, lower”).^[1][2]

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) としした [tòshíshítá] (Heiban – [0])^[2]
• IPA^(key): [to̞ɕiɕita̠]

Noun

年(とし)下(した) • (toshishita) 

1. younger-ness, juniority: the state of being younger than others
2. a younger person, a junior

   好(す)きになった男子(だんし)は年下(としした)だった！

   Suki ni natta danshi wa toshishita datta!

   I fell in love with a younger man!

Antonyms

• 年上(としうえ) (toshiue)

References

1. Shōgaku Tosho (1988) 国語大辞典（新装版） [Unabridged Dictionary of Japanese (Revised Edition)] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

• 2002, Ineko Kondō; Fumi Takano; Mary E Althaus; et. al., Shogakukan Progressive Japanese-English Dictionary, Third Edition, Tokyo: Shōgakukan, →ISBN.