strand

See also: Strand and štrand

Languages (11)

English

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Afrikaans • Danish • Dutch • Hungarian • Icelandic • Middle English • Norwegian Bokmål • Norwegian Nynorsk • Old English • Swedish

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Page categories

English

Pronunciation

• (UK) IPA^(key): /stɹænd/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /stɹænd/, [stɹɛənd]

• Audio (General American):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ænd

Etymology 1

• From Middle English strand, strond, from Old English strand (“strand, sea-shore, shore”), from Proto-West Germanic *strand, from Proto-Germanic *strandō (“edge, rim, shore”), from Proto-Indo-European *(s)trAnt- (“strand, border, field”), from Proto-Indo-European *ster- (“to broaden, spread out”). Cognate with West Frisian strân, Dutch strand, German Strand, Danish strand, Swedish strand, Norwegian Bokmål strand, Icelandic strönd.
• (street): Perhaps from the similarity of shape.

Noun

strand (plural strands)

1. The shore or beach of the sea or ocean.

   Grand Strand

   • 1557 July 1, Virgil, “The Second Boke of Virgiles Aenæis”, in Henry [Howard, Earl] of Surrey, transl., edited by William Bolland, Certain Bokes of Virgiles Aenaeis, Turned into English Meter ([Roxburghe Club Publications; I]), London: […] A[braham] J[ohn] Valpy, […], published 1814, →OCLC:

     A woman that wandring in our coaſtes hath bought / A plot for price: where ſhe a citie ſet: / To whom we gaue the ſtrond for to manure.

   • 1726 October 28, [Jonathan Swift], “The Author Sets out as Captain of a Ship. […]”, in Travels into Several Remote Nations of the World. […] [Gulliver’s Travels], volume II, London: […] Benj[amin] Motte, […], →OCLC, part IV (A Voyage to the Houyhnhnms), page 159:

     They rowed about a League; and then ſet me down on a Strand.

2. (poetic, archaic or regional) The shore or beach of a lake or river.
3. A small brook or rivulet.
4. (British dialectal, Northern England, Scotland) A passage for water; gutter.
5. A street.

Alternative forms

• strond (obsolete)

Translations

beach

Bulgarian: бряг (bg) m (brjag), крайбрежие (bg) n (krajbrežie) Catalan: platja (ca) f Chinese: Mandarin: 海滨 (zh) (hǎibīn) Czech: pláž (cs) f, břeh (cs) m Danish: strand (da) c Dutch: strand (nl) Esperanto: strando Estonian: rand (et) Faroese: sandstrond f Finnish: ranta (fi) French: grève (fr) f German: Strand (de) m Greek: Ancient: αἰγιαλός m (aigialós), (Epic) ῥηγμίν f (rhēgmín) Hungarian: tengerpart (hu) Icelandic: strönd (is) f Irish: trá f Italian: spiaggia (it) f, battigia (it) f, bagnasciuga (it) m Javanese: pesisir (jv) Latvian: pludmale f Macedonian: брег m (breg), пла́жа (mk) f (pláža), кра́јбрежје n (krájbrežje) Malay: pantai (ms) Maori: tātahi, tuaone, tāhuna, onetai Norwegian: strand (no) m Polish: plaża (pl) f Portuguese: praia (pt) f Romanian: plajă (ro) f, țărm (ro) n Russian: бе́рег (ru) m (béreg), пля́ж (ru) m (pljáž) Slovak: pláž f Slovene: plaža (sl) f Spanish: playa (es) f Swedish: strand (sv) c

Verb

strand (third-person singular simple present strands, present participle stranding, simple past and past participle stranded)

1. (transitive, nautical) To run aground; to beach.
2. (transitive, figuratively) To leave (someone) in a difficult situation; to abandon or desert.
3. (transitive, baseball) To cause the third out of an inning to be made, leaving a runner on base.

   Jones pops up; that's going to strand a pair.

4. (transitive, grammar) To leave an element (e.g., an adposition) without its complement adjacent to it.
   • 1985, Joan Maling, Annie Zaenen, “Preposition-Stranding and Passive”, in Nordic Journal of Linguistics, volume 8, number 2, →DOI, page 199:

     We first note that wh-movement can freely strand prepositions in Icelandic, as in the other Scandinavian languages.

   • 2021, Emily Manetta, “Verb-second and the verb-stranding verb phrase ellipsis debate”, in Glossa: a journal of general linguistics‎, volume 6, number 1, →DOI, page 6:

     In her dissertation, Goldberg (2005) offers a review of diagnostics used to identify verb-stranding VPE to that point, including tests which link the characteristics of English-style VPE (which strands an auxiliary verb) to verb-stranding VPE in languages like Hebrew and Irish.

Synonyms

• (run aground): beach
• (leave someone in a difficult situation): abandon, desert

Translations

to run aground

Albanian: rend (sq) Bulgarian: засядам (bg) (zasjadam) Dutch: stranden (nl) Finnish: ajaa karille French: échouer (fr) Galician: varar (gl) Ido: strandar (io) Italian: incagliarsi (it), spiaggiare Maori: whakapae, whakakukū Old English: *strandian Ottoman Turkish: اوتورمق (oturmak) Portuguese: encalhar (pt) Russian: сесть на мель (ru) pf (sestʹ na melʹ), высадиться (ru) pf (vysaditʹsja) Serbo-Croatian: nasukati (sh) Slovak: uviaznúť (na plytčine) Spanish: varar (es)

to leave someone in a difficult situation

Albanian: braktis (sq) Finnish: jättää heitteille, hylätä (fi) French: abandonner (fr) Ido: strandar (io) Italian: abbandonare (it) Maori: whakamahue, whakarere Portuguese: abandonar (pt) Russian: бросить (ru) pf (brositʹ), бросить на произвол судьбы pf (brositʹ na proizvol sudʹby), оставить в беде pf (ostavitʹ v bede), подставить (ru) pf (podstavitʹ) Slovak: opustiť Spanish: abandonar (es)

(grammar) to leave an element without its object

Chinese: Mandarin: 懸空 / 悬空 (zh) (xuánkōng) French: échouer (fr)

Etymology 2

Origin uncertain. Cognate with Scots stran, strawn, strand (“strand”). Perhaps the same as strand ("rivulet, stream, gutter"; see Etymology 1 above); or from Middle English *stran, from Old French estran (“a rope, cord”), from Middle High German stren, strene (“skein, strand”), from Old High German streno, from Proto-West Germanic *strenō, from Proto-Germanic *strinô (“strip, strand”), from Proto-Indo-European *strēy-, *ster- (“strip, line, streak, ray, stripe, row”); related to Dutch streng (“skein, hank of thread, strand, string”), German Strähne (“skein, hank of thread, strand of hair”). Compare also Old High German stranga (“strand of hair”), modern German Strang (“strand, thread, cord”).

Noun

strand (plural strands)

1. Each of the strings which, twisted together, make up a yarn, rope or cord.
2. A string.
3. An individual length of any fine, string-like substance.

   strand of spaghetti

   strand of hair

4. (electronics) A group of wires, usually twisted or braided.
5. (broadcasting) A series of programmes on a particular theme or linked subject.
   • 2020, Nichola Dobson, Historical Dictionary of Animation and Cartoons, page 45:

     By 1985, the children's strand had been renamed Children's BBC (CBBC by the mid-1990s), which continued to show animation among other programming in a dedicated time slot.

6. (figurative) An element in a composite whole; a sequence of linked events or facts; a logical thread.

   strand of truth

   • 2001, Bernard E. Harcourt, chapter 6, in Illusion of Order:

     The explanation draws equally from other contemporary strands of political and social theory.

   • 2004, David Wray, Literacy: Major Themes in Education, Taylor & Francis, →ISBN, page 78:

     She responds to both questions in writing and checks her answer on the fact question. Her suspicions confirmed about the importance of the two names, Miranda vows to pay close attention to this strand of the story as she continues to read.

   • 2024 August 21, 'Industry Insider', “The value of rail reopenings”, in RAIL, number 1016, page 68:

     The concept of a combined authority headed by an elected Mayor is a key strand in current transport development, and is driving a new generation of projects such as bringing rail connectivity to Portishead and stations served by the Mid-Cornwall Metro.

7. (genetics) A nucleotide chain.
9. (Philippines, education)
   1. (formal) A specialization of a senior high school track.
   2. (informal) Synonym of track.

Synonyms

• See also Thesaurus:string

Derived terms

• beta strand
• do the strand
• Hechtian strand
• lagging strand
• leading strand
• sense strand
• single-strand binding protein
• slut strand
• strand line
• template strand

Translations

Note: many languages have particular words for “a strand of <substance>” that are different for each substance. The translations below refer to strands in general. You might find a more appropriate translation under the word for the substance itself.

each of strings that make up yarn, rope or cord

Bulgarian: нищка f (ništka) Czech: vlákno (cs) n, žíla (cs) f Esperanto: kablero Finnish: säie (fi) French: brin (fr) m, toron (fr) m Hebrew: גְּדִיל (he) m (gdil) Italian: filo (it) m Macedonian: ни́шка f (níška) Malayalam: ഇഴ (ml) (iḻa) Maori: kanoi, kāwiriwiri, io (mi), whenu, kāwai, mimire, hotahota Romanian: fir (ro) n Russian: жи́ла (ru) f (žíla), нить (ru) f (nitʹ) Spanish: hebra (es) f, filástica (es) f Tarifit: ẓeṭṭu m

string

Bulgarian: връв (bg) f (vrǎv) Esperanto: fadeno (eo) Finnish: säie (fi), jänne (fi) French: cordelette (fr) f German: Strang (de) m Ido: torono (io) Italian: filo (it) m, filamento (it) m Macedonian: ко́нче n (kónče) Maori: kanoi m pl Portuguese: cordel (pt) m Romanian: șirag (ro) n Slovak: vlákno n, žila n (wire) Spanish: hebra (es) f, estoperol (es) m Swedish: sträng (sv) c Telugu: పోగు (te) (pōgu)

individual length of string-like substance

Belarusian: пасма f (pasma) Bulgarian: кичур (bg) m (kičur) Catalan: floc (ca) m Chinese: Mandarin: 綹 / 绺 (zh) (liǔ), 一綹頭髮 / 一绺头发 (yī liǔ tóufa) Czech: pramen (cs) m, pramínek m Finnish: hius (fi) (hair); pätkä (fi) (any) French: mèche (fr) f German: Strähne (de) f Italian: ciocca (it) f Kurdish: Central Kurdish: تاڵ (tall) Laki: تاڵ (ku) (tall) Macedonian: пе́рче n (pérče), ки́чер m (kíčer) (figuratively) Persian: تار (fa) (târ), طره (fa) (torre), ترنه (torne) Portuguese: madeixa (pt) f, mecha (pt) Romanian: șuviță (ro) f Russian: пря́дь (ru) f (prjádʹ) Slovak: prameň vlasov m Spanish: pequeño mechón m, pelo (es) m, brizna (es) f, brinza (es) f Swedish: strå (sv) n

electronics: group of wires, usually twisted or braided

Finnish: johdin (fi)

broadcasting:series of programmes on a particular theme

Finnish: sarja (fi)

figuratively: element in a composite whole; sequence of linked events or facts; a logical thread

Finnish: juonne (element); ketju (fi) (sequence)

genetics: nucleotide chain

Chinese: Mandarin: 链 (zh) (liàn) Finnish: ketju (fi) French: brin (fr) German: Strang (de) m Italian: filamento (it) Portuguese: fita (pt) Russian: цепь (ru) f (cepʹ), цепочка (ru) f (cepočka) Spanish: cadena (es), hebra (es)

Verb

strand (third-person singular simple present strands, present participle stranding, simple past and past participle stranded)

1. (transitive) To break a strand of (a rope).
2. (transitive) To form by uniting strands.

Translations

to form by uniting strands

Bulgarian: усуквам (bg) (usukvam) Finnish: punoa (fi) Macedonian: усу́кува (usúkuva) Russian: связывать (ru) impf (svjazyvatʹ) Swedish: sno (sv)

Anagrams

• Arndts, trDNAs, drants, darsn't

Afrikaans

Etymology

From Dutch strand, from Middle Dutch strant.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /strant/

• Audio:

  (file)

Noun

strand (plural strande, diminutive strandjie)

1. beach

Danish

Etymology

From Old Norse strǫnd.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /stran/, [sd̥ʁɑnˀ]

Noun

strand c (singular definite stranden, plural indefinite strande)

1. beach
2. shore, seashore
3. seaside

Inflection

Declension of strand

common gender	singular		plural
	indefinite	definite	indefinite	definite
nominative	strand	stranden	strande	strandene
genitive	strands	strandens	strandes	strandenes

Derived terms

• forstrand c
• fribadestrand c
• sandstrand c
• strandarve c
• strandasters c
• strandbo c
• strandbred c
• strande
• strandfodring c
• strandhugst c
• stranding c
• strandkant c
• strandkål c
• strandløber c
• strandløg c
• strandløve c
• strandpiber c
• strandret c
• strandskade c
• strandsnegl c
• strandsvin n
• strandvasker c
• strandvolley c

Verb

strand

1. imperative of strande

References

• “strand” in Den Danske Ordbog

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /strɑnt/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: strand
• Rhymes: -ɑnt
• Homophone: Strand

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch strant. This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Noun

strand n (plural stranden, diminutive strandje n)

1. beach, strand

Derived terms

• kiezelstrand
• naaktstrand
• rotsstrand
• stadsstrand
• strandbal
• stranddag
• strandduizendguldenkruid
• Strandeiland
• strandjut
• strandjutter
• strandkrab
• strandloper
• strandmeer
• strandpaal
• strandpaviljoen
• strandplevier
• strandstoel
• strandtent
• strandvond
• strandwacht
• strandweer
• strandwolf
• zandstrand

Descendants

• Afrikaans: strand

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

strand

1. inflection of stranden:
   1. first-person singular present indicative
   2. (in case of inversion) second-person singular present indicative
   3. imperative