Noun
koń m animal (diminutive konik, augmentative konisko, related adjective koński)
- horse (hoofed mammal, Equus ferus caballus, often used throughout history for riding and draft work)
- (chess) knight (chess piece, often in the shape of a horse's head, that is moved two squares in one direction and one at right angles to that direction in a single move, leaping over any intervening pieces)
- Synonym: skoczek
- (gymnastics) horse (piece of equipment with a body on two or four legs, approximately four feet high, sometimes (pommel horse) with two handles on top)
- ticket salesperson
- horse (children's toy resembling a horse)
- (in the plural) horse-drawn carriage
- (archaic, collective) horserider and horse
- (obsolete, education, Warsaw, school slang) F (bad or failing grade)
- Synonym: jedynka
- (obsolete) lazy person
- Synonym: leniwiec
- (obsolete) a type of siege engine similar to a battering ram
- (Middle Polish) a type of torture device
Declension
More information singular, plural ...
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Trivia
According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), koń is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 15 times in scientific texts, 11 times in news, 3 times in essays, 28 times in fiction, and 25 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 82 times, making it the 781st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[1]
References
Ida Kurcz (1990) “koń”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 194
Further reading
- koń in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- konie in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- koń in Polish dictionaries at PWN
- Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “koń”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
- “KOŃ”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century], 27.03.2023
- Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “koń”, in Słownik języka polskiego
- Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “koń”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861
- J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1902), “koń”, in Słownik języka polskiego (in Polish), volume 2, Warsaw, page 460
- koń in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego