karata
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Karata
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *kargait'ak. Cognate with Estonian kargama (“to jump, hop”), Karelian karata, Livonian kargõ (“to jump”), Ludian kargaita (“to run”), Veps kargata (“to dance”) and Votic kargõtõ.
Pronunciation
Verb
karata (intransitive)
- to escape, run away, flee, fly (from captivity)
- Rangaistusvanki karkasi vankilasta.
- The convict escaped from the prison.
- to elope
- Mies karkasi rakastettunsa kanssa.
- The man eloped with his beloved.
- (military) to desert
- Muutama amerikkalainen karkasi vihollisen puolelle.
- A few Americans deserted to the enemy side.
- to abscond, run off, make off
- Myyjän käräyttämä vanha nainen karkasi tavaroidensa kanssa kaupasta juuri, kun vartija tuli paikalle.
- The old lady caught by a salesperson ran off from the shop with the goods just as the guard arrived.
- (archaic) to leap, charge
Usage notes
- (to escape): Sometimes synonymous with paeta, but see the usage notes there.
Conjugation
| Inflection of karata (Kotus type 73*D/salata, k-∅ gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | karkaan | en karkaa | 1st sing. | olen karannut | en ole karannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | karkaat | et karkaa | 2nd sing. | olet karannut | et ole karannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | karkaa | ei karkaa | 3rd sing. | on karannut | ei ole karannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | karkaamme | emme karkaa | 1st plur. | olemme karanneet | emme ole karanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | karkaatte | ette karkaa | 2nd plur. | olette karanneet | ette ole karanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | karkaavat | eivät karkaa | 3rd plur. | ovat karanneet | eivät ole karanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | karataan | ei karata | passive | on karattu | ei ole karattu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | karkasin | en karannut | 1st sing. | olin karannut | en ollut karannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | karkasit | et karannut | 2nd sing. | olit karannut | et ollut karannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | karkasi | ei karannut | 3rd sing. | oli karannut | ei ollut karannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | karkasimme | emme karanneet | 1st plur. | olimme karanneet | emme olleet karanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | karkasitte | ette karanneet | 2nd plur. | olitte karanneet | ette olleet karanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | karkasivat | eivät karanneet | 3rd plur. | olivat karanneet | eivät olleet karanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | karattiin | ei karattu | passive | oli karattu | ei ollut karattu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | karkaisin | en karkaisi | 1st sing. | olisin karannut | en olisi karannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | karkaisit | et karkaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit karannut | et olisi karannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | karkaisi | ei karkaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi karannut | ei olisi karannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | karkaisimme | emme karkaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme karanneet | emme olisi karanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | karkaisitte | ette karkaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte karanneet | ette olisi karanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | karkaisivat | eivät karkaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat karanneet | eivät olisi karanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | karattaisiin | ei karattaisi | passive | olisi karattu | ei olisi karattu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | karkaa | älä karkaa | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | karatkoon | älköön karatko | 3rd sing. | olkoon karannut | älköön olko karannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | karatkaamme | älkäämme karatko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | karatkaa | älkää karatko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | karatkoot | älkööt karatko | 3rd plur. | olkoot karanneet | älkööt olko karanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | karattakoon | älköön karattako | passive | olkoon karattu | älköön olko karattu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | karannen | en karanne | 1st sing. | lienen karannut | en liene karannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | karannet | et karanne | 2nd sing. | lienet karannut | et liene karannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | karannee | ei karanne | 3rd sing. | lienee karannut | ei liene karannut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | karannemme | emme karanne | 1st plur. | lienemme karanneet | emme liene karanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | karannette | ette karanne | 2nd plur. | lienette karanneet | ette liene karanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | karannevat | eivät karanne | 3rd plur. | lienevät karanneet | eivät liene karanneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | karattaneen | ei karattane | passive | lienee karattu | ei liene karattu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | karata | present | karkaava | karattava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | karannut | karattu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | karatessa | karattaessa | agent4 | karkaama | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | karkaamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | karaten | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | karkaamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | karkaamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | karkaamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | karkaamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | karkaamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | karkaaman | karattaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | karkaaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
nouns
verbs
Further reading
- “karata”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
Anagrams
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *kargait'ak. Cognates include Finnish karata and Estonian kargada.
Pronunciation
Verb
karata
Conjugation
| Conjugation of karata (type 16/maata, k- gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | karkaan | en karkaa | 1st singular | oon karant, oon karannut | en oo karant, en oo karannut |
| 2nd singular | karkaat | et karkaa | 2nd singular | oot karant, oot karannut | et oo karant, et oo karannut |
| 3rd singular | karkajaa | ei karkaa | 3rd singular | ono karant, ono karannut | ei oo karant, ei oo karannut |
| 1st plural | karkaamma | emmä karkaa | 1st plural | oomma karanneet | emmä oo karanneet |
| 2nd plural | karkaatta | että karkaa | 2nd plural | ootta karanneet | että oo karanneet |
| 3rd plural | karkajaat1), karkaavat2), karataa | evät karkaa, ei karata | 3rd plural | ovat karanneet | evät oo karanneet, ei oo karattu |
| impersonal | karataa | ei karata | impersonal | ono karattu | ei oo karattu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | karkaisin | en karant, en karannut | 1st singular | olin karant, olin karannut | en olt karant, en olt karannut |
| 2nd singular | karkaisit, karkaist1) | et karant, et karannut | 2nd singular | olit karant, olit karannut | et olt karant, et olt karannut |
| 3rd singular | karkais | ei karant, ei karannut | 3rd singular | oli karant, oli karannut | ei olt karant, ei olt karannut |
| 1st plural | karkaisimma | emmä karanneet | 1st plural | olimma karanneet | emmä olleet karanneet |
| 2nd plural | karkaisitta | että karanneet | 2nd plural | olitta karanneet | että olleet karanneet |
| 3rd plural | karkaisiit1), karkaisivat2), karattii | evät karanneet, ei karattu | 3rd plural | olivat karanneet | evät olleet karanneet, ei olt karattu |
| impersonal | karattii | ei karattu | impersonal | oli karattu | ei olt karattu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | karkajaisin | en karkajais | 1st singular | olisin karant, olisin karannut | en olis karant, en olis karannut |
| 2nd singular | karkajaisit, karkajaist1) | et karkajais | 2nd singular | olisit karant, olisit karannut | et olis karant, et olis karannut |
| 3rd singular | karkajais | ei karkajais | 3rd singular | olis karant, olis karannut | ei olis karant, ei olis karannut |
| 1st plural | karkajaisimma | emmä karkajais | 1st plural | olisimma karanneet | emmä olis karanneet |
| 2nd plural | karkajaisitta | että karkajais | 2nd plural | olisitta karanneet | että olis karanneet |
| 3rd plural | karkajaisiit1), karkajaisivat2), karattais | evät karkajais, ei karattais | 3rd plural | olisivat karanneet | evät olis karanneet, ei olis karattu |
| impersonal | karattais | ei karattais | impersonal | olis karattu | ei olis karattu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | karkaa | elä karkaa | 2nd singular | oo karant, oo karannut | elä oo karant, elä oo karannut |
| 3rd singular | karatkoo | elköö karatko | 3rd singular | olkoo karant, olkoo karannut | elköö olko karant, elköö olko karannut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | karatkaa | elkää karatko | 2nd plural | olkaa karanneet | elkää olko karanneet |
| 3rd plural | karatkoot | elkööt karatko, elköö karattako | 3rd plural | olkoot karanneet | elkööt olko karanneet, elköö olko karattu |
| impersonal | karattakkoo | elköö karattako | impersonal | olkoo karattu | elköö olko karattu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | karannen | en karanne | |||
| 2nd singular | karannet | et karanne | |||
| 3rd singular | karannoo | ei karanne | |||
| 1st plural | karannemma | emmä karanne | |||
| 2nd plural | karannetta | että karanne | |||
| 3rd plural | karannoot | evät karanne, ei karattane | |||
| impersonal | karattannoo | ei karattane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | karata | present | karkaava | karattava | |
| 2nd | inessive | karatees | past | karant, karannut | karattu |
| instructive | karaten | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (karatkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | karkaamaa | |||
| inessive | karkaamaas | ||||
| elative | karkaamast | ||||
| abessive | karkaamata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | karkaamiin | |||
| partitive | karkaamista, karkaamist | ||||
Synonyms
- (to flee): paeta
Derived terms
Etymology 2
(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)
Pronunciation
Verb
karata
Conjugation
| Conjugation of karata (type 16/maata, k- gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indikativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | karkaan | en karkaa | 1st singular | oon karant, oon karannut | en oo karant, en oo karannut |
| 2nd singular | karkaat | et karkaa | 2nd singular | oot karant, oot karannut | et oo karant, et oo karannut |
| 3rd singular | karkajaa | ei karkaa | 3rd singular | ono karant, ono karannut | ei oo karant, ei oo karannut |
| 1st plural | karkaamma | emmä karkaa | 1st plural | oomma karanneet | emmä oo karanneet |
| 2nd plural | karkaatta | että karkaa | 2nd plural | ootta karanneet | että oo karanneet |
| 3rd plural | karkajaat1), karkaavat2), karataa | evät karkaa, ei karata | 3rd plural | ovat karanneet | evät oo karanneet, ei oo karattu |
| impersonal | karataa | ei karata | impersonal | ono karattu | ei oo karattu |
| Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | karkaisin | en karant, en karannut | 1st singular | olin karant, olin karannut | en olt karant, en olt karannut |
| 2nd singular | karkaisit, karkaist1) | et karant, et karannut | 2nd singular | olit karant, olit karannut | et olt karant, et olt karannut |
| 3rd singular | karkais | ei karant, ei karannut | 3rd singular | oli karant, oli karannut | ei olt karant, ei olt karannut |
| 1st plural | karkaisimma | emmä karanneet | 1st plural | olimma karanneet | emmä olleet karanneet |
| 2nd plural | karkaisitta | että karanneet | 2nd plural | olitta karanneet | että olleet karanneet |
| 3rd plural | karkaisiit1), karkaisivat2), karattii | evät karanneet, ei karattu | 3rd plural | olivat karanneet | evät olleet karanneet, ei olt karattu |
| impersonal | karattii | ei karattu | impersonal | oli karattu | ei olt karattu |
| Konditsionala | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | karkajaisin | en karkajais | 1st singular | olisin karant, olisin karannut | en olis karant, en olis karannut |
| 2nd singular | karkajaisit, karkajaist1) | et karkajais | 2nd singular | olisit karant, olisit karannut | et olis karant, et olis karannut |
| 3rd singular | karkajais | ei karkajais | 3rd singular | olis karant, olis karannut | ei olis karant, ei olis karannut |
| 1st plural | karkajaisimma | emmä karkajais | 1st plural | olisimma karanneet | emmä olis karanneet |
| 2nd plural | karkajaisitta | että karkajais | 2nd plural | olisitta karanneet | että olis karanneet |
| 3rd plural | karkajaisiit1), karkajaisivat2), karattais | evät karkajais, ei karattais | 3rd plural | olisivat karanneet | evät olis karanneet, ei olis karattu |
| impersonal | karattais | ei karattais | impersonal | olis karattu | ei olis karattu |
| Imperativa | |||||
| Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
| 2nd singular | karkaa | elä karkaa | 2nd singular | oo karant, oo karannut | elä oo karant, elä oo karannut |
| 3rd singular | karatkoo | elköö karatko | 3rd singular | olkoo karant, olkoo karannut | elköö olko karant, elköö olko karannut |
| 1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
| 2nd plural | karatkaa | elkää karatko | 2nd plural | olkaa karanneet | elkää olko karanneet |
| 3rd plural | karatkoot | elkööt karatko, elköö karattako | 3rd plural | olkoot karanneet | elkööt olko karanneet, elköö olko karattu |
| impersonal | karattakkoo | elköö karattako | impersonal | olkoo karattu | elköö olko karattu |
| Potentsiala | |||||
| Preesens | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | karannen | en karanne | |||
| 2nd singular | karannet | et karanne | |||
| 3rd singular | karannoo | ei karanne | |||
| 1st plural | karannemma | emmä karanne | |||
| 2nd plural | karannetta | että karanne | |||
| 3rd plural | karannoot | evät karanne, ei karattane | |||
| impersonal | karattannoo | ei karattane | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | karata | present | karkaava | karattava | |
| 2nd | inessive | karatees | past | karant, karannut | karattu |
| instructive | karaten | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (karatkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
| 3rd | illative | karkaamaa | |||
| inessive | karkaamaas | ||||
| elative | karkaamast | ||||
| abessive | karkaamata | ||||
| 4th | nominative | karkaamiin | |||
| partitive | karkaamista, karkaamist | ||||
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 135
Etymology
Borrowed from Portuguese carta. Doublet of karatasi.
Pronunciation
Noun
See also
| Playing cards in Swahili · karata za kucheza (layout · text) | ||||||
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| ree, rea, rei | mbili | tatu | nne | tano | sita | saba |
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| nane | tisa | kumi | ghulamu, mzungu wa tatu | malkia, mzungu wa pili, bibi | mfalme, mzungu wa nne, basha | jokari |
| Suits in Swahili · ng'anda (see also: karata, karata za kucheza) (layout · text) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
.svg){kind=small} |
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| makopa | uru | shupaza, majembe | pao, pau, karanga, mavi ya mbuzi |
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