hallik

Hungarian

Etymology

Reanalysis of an earlier third-person plural definite form hallik, hall +‎ -ik (in the sense hallják (“they hear it”)) as a passive (middle-voice) form and its object as a subject (which used to coincide, as the object was unmarked).^[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈhɒlːik]
• Hyphenation: hal‧lik
• Rhymes: -ɒlːik

Verb

hallik

1. (intransitive, archaic) Alternative form of hallatszik (“to sound, to be audible, to be able to be heard”)

Usage notes

• This verb is a member of one of those (few) quasi-homonymous verb pairs that exist both with and without an -ik ending. All (intransitive) suffixed forms of these pairs are identical (sometimes they can even have derived forms that coincide), with the exception of their dictionary form (the third-person singular indicative present, with or without -ik). However, the meaning of these pairs is usually distinct, sometimes unrelated. Examples include (fel)áldoz–(le)áldozik, bán–bánik, (meg)bíz–(meg)bízik, (meg)ér–(meg)érik, esz (rare)–eszik, hajol–hajlik, hasonul–(meg)hasonlik, (felül)múl–(el)múlik, (hozzá)nyúl–nyúlik, (el)vesz–(el)veszik~(el)vész, and tör–törik (along with their verbal prefixes), hall–hallik (archaic), érez–érzik (archaic), sometimes with some difference: (el)hibáz–hibádzik, (le)torkol–torkollik. Therefore one may well need to check the context and the arguments to ascertain which member of the verb pair is relevant.
• The stative types of the sense verbs feel, smell, and taste are uncommon in Hungarian (i.e., those expressing some sensory information conveyed, in contrast to the voluntary actions of using these senses or the involuntary perception). Instead, adjectival (-ú/-ű/-jú/-jű) and possessive (…-a/-e/-ja/-je van) constructions are used, and these are also applicable for sound. (The first two rows are for action verbs and perception verbs that behave similarly to English.)

		see / look	hear / sound	smell	taste	feel / touch
Action verb		(meg)néz	(meg)hallgat	(meg)szagol	(meg)kóstol, (literary) (meg)ízlel	megfog, (meg)tapint, (meg)tapogat
Perception verb		lát	hall	érez
Sta- tive	verb	látszik, tűnik, kinéz, fest	hangzik hallatszik	(érződik or archaic érzik) affecting one: esik (jólesik / rosszulesik)
	adjective	… kinézetű / külsejű (someone’s appearance)	… hangú, … hangzású	… szagú (bad/neutral) … illatú (pleasant)	… ízű	… tapintású
	possessive	… kinézete / külseje van … a kinézete / külseje	… hangja van … a hangja	… szaga / illata van …a szaga / …az illata	… íze van … az íze	… tapintása van … a tapintása

Examples:

• Ez a torta citromízű. = Ennek a tortának citromíze van. ― This cake tastes of lemon.
• Ez az autó benzinszagú. = Ennek az autónak benzinszaga van. ― This car smells of petrol.
• Ez az étel finom illatú. = Ennek az ételnek finom illata van. = Ennek az ételnek finom az illata. ― This dish smells delicious.
• Ez a szövet selymes tapintású. = Ennek a szövetnek selymes tapintása van = …selymes a tapintása. ― This fabric feels silky.

On the other hand, certain verbs can express particular sensory impressions, e.g. illatozik (“to smell sweet, to be fragrant”) and bűzlik (“to stink, to reek”).

Conjugation

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	only 3rd-person forms		hallik	only 3rd-person forms		hallanak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	―		hallott	―		hallottak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Future		Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. hallani fog.
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	―		halla or hallék	―		hallának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. hallik vala, hallott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	―		halland (or hallandik)	―		hallandanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	―		hallana (or hallanék)	―		hallanának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hallott volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	―		halljon or halljék	―		halljanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hallott légyen
Infinitive	hallani		―		hallania	―		hallaniuk
Other forms	Verbal noun		Present part.	Past part.	Future part.	Adverbial participle		Causative
	hallás		halló	hallott	―	hallva (hallván)

conjugation of hallik

Click for archaic forms			1st person sg	2nd person sg informal	3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal	1st person pl	2nd person pl informal	3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	only 3rd-person forms		hallhat (or hallhatik)	only 3rd-person forms		hallhatnak
		Def.	intransitive verb, definite forms are not used
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past	Indef.	―		hallhatott	―		hallhattak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Preterit	Indef.	―		hallhata or hallhaték	―		hallhatának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Archaic Past		Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. hallhat vala, hallhatott vala/volt.
	Archaic Future	Indef.	―		hallhatand or hallandhat (or hallhatandik or hallandhatik)	―		hallhatandanak or hallandhatnak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
Condi­tional mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	―		hallhatna (or hallhatnék)	―		hallhatnának
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	Past		Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. hallhatott volna
Sub­junc­tive mood	Pre­sent	Indef.	―		hallhasson (or hallhassék)	―		hallhassanak
		Def.	―
		2nd-p. o.	―
	(Archaic) Past		Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. hallhatott légyen
Inf.	(hallhatni)		―		(hallhatnia)	―		(hallhatniuk)
Positive adjective			―	Neg. adj.	―	Adv. part.	(hallhatva / hallhatván)

potential conjugation of hallik

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

• áthallik
• behallik
• elhallik
• felhallik
• idehallik
• keresztülhallik
• kihallik
• lehallik
• meghallik
• odahallik

References

1. Page 5 in Az ikes ragozás -ik ragjának eredete by Gedeon Mészöly in Nyelvtudományi Közlemények

Further reading

• hallik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Swedish hallick, from Czech holomek, ultimately from holý (“naked”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhal.lik/, [ˈhɑl.lɪk]

Noun

hallik m (definite singular halliken, indefinite plural halliker, definite plural hallikene)

1. a pimp, someone who solicits prostitution

Derived terms

• hallikvirksomhet (“pimping”)

Related terms

• halunk (“rascal, scoundrel”)

References

“hallik” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
“hallik” in Det Norske Akademis ordbok (NAOB).

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Swedish hallick, from Czech holomek, ultimately from holý (“naked”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈhal.lik/, [ˈhɑl.lɪk]

Noun

hallik m (definite singular halliken, indefinite plural hallikar, definite plural hallikane)

1. a pimp, someone who solicits prostitution

Derived terms

• hallikverksemd (“pimping”)

Related terms

• halunk (“rascal, scoundrel”)

References

“hallik” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.