galla

See also: Galla and gälla

Cimbrian

Etymology

From Middle High German galle, from Old High German galla, from Proto-Germanic *gallǭ. Cognate with German Galle, English gall.

Noun

galla f (Sette Comuni)

1. bile
2. gall (impudence)

   Ze hat an gròoses hèertze bàdar an grössora galla.

   He has a big heart but a bigger gall.

References

• “galla” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo

Czech

Alternative forms

• gallština (dated)

Etymology

Borrowed from German Galla.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɡala]
• Rhymes: -ala
• Hyphenation: ga‧l‧la

Noun

galla f (indeclinable)

1. (dated) Oromo (language)

   Synonym: oromština

Further reading

• “galla”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)

Finnish

Etymology

From German Galla.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡɑlːɑ/, [ˈɡɑ̝lːɑ̝]
• Rhymes: -ɑlːɑ
• Hyphenation^(key): gal‧la

Noun

galla (dated)

1. Oromo (a language of Ethiopia)

Declension

Inflection of galla (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative		galla	—
genitive		gallan	—
partitive		gallaa	—
illative		gallaan	—
		singular	plural
nominative		galla	—
accusative	nom.	galla	—
	gen.	gallan
genitive		gallan	—
partitive		gallaa	—
inessive		gallassa	—
elative		gallasta	—
illative		gallaan	—
adessive		gallalla	—
ablative		gallalta	—
allative		gallalle	—
essive		gallana	—
translative		gallaksi	—
abessive		gallatta	—
instructive		—	—
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of galla (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative gallani — accusative nom. gallani — gen. gallani genitive gallani — partitive gallaani — inessive gallassani — elative gallastani — illative gallaani — adessive gallallani — ablative gallaltani — allative gallalleni — essive gallanani — translative gallakseni — abessive gallattani — instructive — — comitative — — second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative gallasi — accusative nom. gallasi — gen. gallasi genitive gallasi — partitive gallaasi — inessive gallassasi — elative gallastasi — illative gallaasi — adessive gallallasi — ablative gallaltasi — allative gallallesi — essive gallanasi — translative gallaksesi — abessive gallattasi — instructive — — comitative — — first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative gallamme — accusative nom. gallamme — gen. gallamme genitive gallamme — partitive gallaamme — inessive gallassamme — elative gallastamme — illative gallaamme — adessive gallallamme — ablative gallaltamme — allative gallallemme — essive gallanamme — translative gallaksemme — abessive gallattamme — instructive — — comitative — — second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative gallanne — accusative nom. gallanne — gen. gallanne genitive gallanne — partitive gallaanne — inessive gallassanne — elative gallastanne — illative gallaanne — adessive gallallanne — ablative gallaltanne — allative gallallenne — essive gallananne — translative gallaksenne — abessive gallattanne — instructive — — comitative — — third-person possessor singular plural nominative gallansa — accusative nom. gallansa — gen. gallansa genitive gallansa — partitive gallaansa — inessive gallassaan gallassansa — elative gallastaan gallastansa — illative gallaansa — adessive gallallaan gallallansa — ablative gallaltaan gallaltansa — allative gallalleen gallallensa — essive gallanaan gallanansa — translative gallakseen gallaksensa — abessive gallattaan gallattansa — instructive — — comitative — —

Synonyms

• oromo

Galician

Gallas

Alternative forms

• galha (reintegrationist)

Etymology 1

Probably from Vulgar Latin *gallea, from Latin galla (“oak-apple”).^[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡaʎa̝/

Noun

galla f (plural gallas)

1. twig

   Synonym: guizo

2. branch

   Synonym: póla

3. forked branch
4. prong
5. (also in the plural) fork
6. barb (of a hook)
7. gall (tumorous growt)

   Synonyms: bugallo, carrabouxo, coco

Derived terms

• esgallar
• gallado
• galladura
• gallar
• galleiro
• galleta
• galleto
• gallo

 

References

• Xavier Varela Barreiro, Xavier Gómez Guinovart (2006–2018) “galla”, in Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: ILG
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, editor (2006–2013), “galla”, in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega [Dictionary of Dictionaries of the Galician language] (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Antón Luís Santamarina Fernández, Ernesto Xosé González Seoane, María Álvarez de la Granja, editors (2003–2018), “galla”, in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega
• Rosario Álvarez Blanco, editor (2014–2024), “galla”, in Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués (in Galician), Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega, →ISSN

1. Joan Coromines, José A[ntonio] Pascual (1983–1991) “gajo”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico [Critic Castilian and Hispanic Etymological Dictionary] (in Spanish), Madrid: Gredos

Etymology 2

Verb

galla

1. inflection of gallar:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡal.la/
• Rhymes: -alla
• Hyphenation: gàl‧la

Etymology 1

From Latin galla.

Noun

galla f (plural galle)

1. gall
2. acorn
3. round pill
4. pimple (caused by sunburn)
5. hairgrip

Adjective

galla

1. feminine singular of gallo

Related terms

• a galla

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

galla

1. inflection of gallare:
   1. third-person singular present indicative
   2. second-person singular imperative

Latin

Etymology

There are various hypotheses^[1]:

• Perhaps from or influenced by Germanic, if the sense is "poison-sore"; see Proto-Germanic *gallǭ (English gall).
• From Proto-Indo-European *gel- (“form into a ball; ball”). Cognate with Latin glaeba, glomus and Proto-Germanic *klumpô (“mass, lump, clump; clasp”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈɡal.la/, [ˈɡälːʲä]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈɡal.la/, [ˈɡälːä]

Noun

galla f (genitive gallae); first declension

1. an oak apple, gall-nut
   • c. 37 BCE – 30 BCE, Virgil, Georgics 4.267:

     proderit et tunsum gallae admiscere saporem […]

     It is good too to blend a taste of pounded oak apples […]

2. a harsh, sour kind of wine

Declension

First-declension noun.

	singular	plural
nominative	galla	gallae
genitive	gallae	gallārum
dative	gallae	gallīs
accusative	gallam	gallās
ablative	gallā	gallīs
vocative	galla	gallae

Derived terms

• gallula
• *galleus (“oaken”)

Descendants

• Catalan: gala, agalla
• → English: gall
• French: galle
• Italian: galla
• Portuguese: galha, galho
• → Russian: галл (gall)
• Spanish: galla, gajo

References

1. Pokorny, Julius (1959) “gel-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 356-357

Further reading

• “galla”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “galla”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• galla in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• galla in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “galla”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “galla”, in William Smith, editor (1848), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology, London: John Murray

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *gasliyā, from *gas, of uncertain ultimate origin. Pott has adduced Spanish galgo (“greyhound”), which, however, is founded on canis Gallicus. See gasradh for root.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkaɫ̪ə/

Noun

galla f (genitive singular galla, plural gallachan)

1. bitch

Usage notes

• Often used as a swear word, especially in compounds.

Derived terms

• mac na galla
• nighean na galla
• thalla gu taigh na galla

References

Spanish

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡaʝa/ [ˈɡa.ʝa]

• IPA^(key): (most of Spain and Latin America) /ˈɡaʝa/ [ˈɡa.ʝa]
• IPA^(key): (rural northern Spain, Andes Mountains, Paraguay, Philippines) /ˈɡaʎa/ [ˈɡa.ʎa]
• IPA^(key): (Buenos Aires and environs) /ˈɡaʃa/ [ˈɡa.ʃa]
• IPA^(key): (elsewhere in Argentina and Uruguay) /ˈɡaʒa/ [ˈɡa.ʒa]

 

• Rhymes: -aʝa

• Rhymes: -aʝa
• Rhymes: -aʎa
• Rhymes: -aʃa
• Rhymes: -aʒa

• Syllabification: ga‧lla

Noun

galla f (plural gallas)

1. (Chile, colloquial) female equivalent of gallo, broad (US), chick, gal (woman)

   Synonym: tipa

Further reading

• “galla”, in Diccionario de la lengua española [Dictionary of the Spanish Language] (in Spanish), online version 23.7, Royal Spanish Academy [Spanish: Real Academia Española], 2023 November 28

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:

galla

Wikipedia ^sv

Etymology

From Old Swedish galle, from Old Norse gall, from Proto-Germanic *gallǭ.

Noun

galla c (uncountable)

1. bile

Declension

		nominative	genitive
singular	indefinite	galla	gallas
	definite	gallan	gallans
plural	indefinite	—	—
	definite	—	—

Declension of galla

Derived terms

• gallblåsa
• gallfeber
• gallsten
• gallskrik

References

• galla in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• galla in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• galla in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
• Svensk MeSH

Welsh

Alternative forms

• gall (literary, second-person singular imperative)
• gallaf (first-person singular present/future)

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈɡaɬa/

Verb

galla

1. inflection of gallu:
   1. first-person singular present/future colloquial
   2. (rare) second-person singular imperative

Mutation

Mutated forms of galla

radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
galla	alla	ngalla	unchanged

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.