cawl

See also: ċawl

English

WOTD – 1 March 2021

Etymology 1

A bowl of cawl.

Borrowed from Welsh cawl, itself borrowed from Latin caulis (“stalk or stem of a plant, particularly a cabbage”), from Proto-Indo-European *kaw(ǝ)l, *kh₂ulós, or *kowos (“tubular bone; pipe”). The English word is a doublet of caulis, cole, and kale.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation, General American) IPA^(key): /kaʊl/

• Audio (Southern England):

  (file)

• (Mid-Ulster) IPA^(key): /kəʉl/
• Homophone: cowl
• Rhymes: -aʊl

Noun

cawl (countable and uncountable, plural cawls)

1. A traditional Welsh soup, typically made with beef, lamb, or salted bacon with carrot, leeks, potatoes, swedes, and other seasonal vegetables.

Translations

traditional Welsh soup

Welsh: cawl Cymreig m

Etymology 2

A variant of caul.

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /kɔːl/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /kɔl/
• Homophone: call

Noun

cawl (plural cawls)

1. Alternative spelling of caul (“a membrane or veil, especially over a baby's head”)

Further reading

• cawl on Wikipedia.Wikipedia

Anagrams

• claw

Old English

Alternative forms

• cāwel, cāuuel, cāul, cēawl, cēaul, cōuel, cēaol

Etymology

From Latin *cavallum, from cavea (“hollow, cavity; cage, enclosure”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kɑːwl/

Noun

cāwl m

1. basket
   • Lindisfarne Gospels, gloss on Mark 6: 43:

     et sustulerunt reliquias fragmentorum duodecim cophinos plenos et de piscibus / & genomon ða hlafo ðara screadunga tuoelf ceaulas fulle & of fiscum

     and then they took up twelve baskets full of the remains of the bread and the fish.

Declension

Case	Singular	Plural
nominative	cāwl	cāwlas
accusative	cāwl	cāwlas
genitive	cāwles	cāwla
dative	cāwle	cāwlum

Declension of cāwl (strong a-stem)

Descendants

• Middle English: cal, cale, calle, kalle, kelle, kolle
  • English: caul
  • Scots: kelle, kell

Welsh

Etymology

From Middle Welsh cawl, from Proto-Brythonic *kawl, from Latin caulis (“stick or stem of a plant, cabbage-stalk, cabbage”). Cognate with Cornish kowl, Breton kaol.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kau̯l/

Noun

cawl m (diminutive cawlen)

1. soup, pottage, broth; gruel
   1. (figuratively) mixture, hodgepodge, mess
2. cabbage, colewort, potherbs

Synonyms

• potes

Descendants

• → English: cawl

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical	soft	nasal	aspirate
cawl	gawl	nghawl	chawl
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

• R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “cawl”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies

Yola

Noun

cawl

1. Alternative form of caule
   • 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY:

     Pa cawl.

     Upon the horse.

References

• Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 60