bergen
From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: Bergen
Etymology
Shortened from Bergen rucksack, possibly named after their creator, Norwegian Ole F. Bergan, combined with the name of the Norwegian city of Bergen.
Noun
bergen (plural bergens)
- (UK, military) A large rucksack.
- 2012, Peter Ratcliffe, Eye of the Storm:
- Their bergens were already stuffed almost to bursting point, as were their belt kits, with rations, water, radios and spare batteries, ammunition, personal equipment, sleeping bags, waterproofs, medical packs, survival kits, and much more.
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch bergen, from Old Dutch bergan, from Proto-West Germanic *bergan, from Proto-Germanic *berganą.
Verb
bergen
- (transitive) to store, to stash away
- (transitive) to salvage (a vessel)
Conjugation
| Conjugation of bergen (strong class 3b) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | bergen | |||
| past singular | borg | |||
| past participle | geborgen | |||
| infinitive | bergen | |||
| gerund | bergen n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | berg | borg | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | bergt, berg2 | borg | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | bergt | borg | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | bergt | borgt | ||
| 3rd person singular | bergt | borg | ||
| plural | bergen | borgen | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | berge | borge | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | bergen | borgen | ||
| imperative sing. | berg | |||
| imperative plur.1 | bergt | |||
| participles | bergend | geborgen | ||
| 1) Archaic. 2) In case of inversion. | ||||
Derived terms
Descendants
- Afrikaans: berg
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
bergen
Anagrams
Etymology
From Middle High German bergen, from Old High German bergan, from Proto-West Germanic *bergan, from Proto-Germanic *berganą.
Pronunciation
Verb
bergen (class 3 strong, third-person singular present birgt, past tense barg, past participle geborgen, past subjunctive bärge, auxiliary haben)
- (transitive) to save (someone); to rescue
- (transitive) to salvage; to recover
- (transitive) to conceal; shelter; to contain
- (transitive, naval) to take in (a sail); to shorten (a sail)
- die Segel bergen ― to shorten the sail
Conjugation
| infinitive | bergen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | bergend | ||||
| past participle | geborgen | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich berge | wir bergen | i | ich berge | wir bergen |
| du birgst | ihr bergt | du bergest | ihr berget | ||
| er birgt | sie bergen | er berge | sie bergen | ||
| preterite | ich barg | wir bargen | ii | ich bärge1 | wir bärgen1 |
| du bargst | ihr bargt | du bärgest1 du bärgst1 |
ihr bärget1 ihr bärgt1 | ||
| er barg | sie bargen | er bärge1 | sie bärgen1 | ||
| imperative | birg (du) | bergt (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
- geborgen (adjective)
Related terms
- Bergegut, Berglohn, Bergung
Further reading
Etymology
Verb
bergen
Inflection
| Strong class 3 | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | bergen | |
| 3rd sg. past | barch | |
| 3rd pl. past | borgen | |
| Past participle | geborgen | |
| Infinitive | bergen | |
| In genitive | bergens | |
| In dative | bergene | |
| Indicative | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | berge | barch |
| 2nd singular | berchs, berges | borchs, borges |
| 3rd singular | bercht, berget | barch |
| 1st plural | bergen | borgen |
| 2nd plural | bercht, berget | borcht, borget |
| 3rd plural | bergen | borgen |
| Subjunctive | Present | Past |
| 1st singular | berge | borge |
| 2nd singular | berchs, berges | borges |
| 3rd singular | berge | borge |
| 1st plural | bergen | borgen |
| 2nd plural | bercht, berget | borget |
| 3rd plural | bergen | borgen |
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | berch, berge | |
| Plural | bercht, berget | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | bergende | geborgen |
Derived terms
- berginge
- gebergen
- misbergen
- ontbergen
- verbergen
Descendants
Further reading
- “berghen (III)”, in Vroegmiddelnederlands Woordenboek, 2000
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “bergen (II)”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN, page II
Verb
bergen
- Alternative form of berwen
Pronunciation
Noun
bergen
Noun
bergen
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