Tone L |
Infinitive |
ukubasa |
|
Positive |
Negative |
Infinitive |
ukubasa |
ukungabasi |
|
Imperative |
|
Simple |
+ object concord |
Singular |
basa |
-base |
Plural |
basani |
-baseni |
|
Present |
|
Positive absolute |
Positive relative |
Positive participial |
Negative absolute |
Negative relative |
Negative participial |
1st singular |
ngiyabasa, ngibasa |
engibasayo, engibasa |
ngibasa |
angibasi |
engingabasi |
ngingabasi |
2nd singular |
uyabasa, ubasa |
obasayo, obasa |
ubasa |
awubasi |
ongabasi |
ungabasi |
1st plural |
siyabasa, sibasa |
esibasayo, esibasa |
sibasa |
asibasi |
esingabasi |
singabasi |
2nd plural |
niyabasa, nibasa |
enibasayo, enibasa |
nibasa |
anibasi |
eningabasi |
ningabasi |
Class 1 |
uyabasa, ubasa |
obasayo, obasa |
ebasa |
akabasi |
ongabasi |
engabasi |
Class 2 |
bayabasa, babasa |
ababasayo, ababasa |
bebasa |
ababasi |
abangabasi |
bengabasi |
Class 3 |
uyabasa, ubasa |
obasayo, obasa |
ubasa |
awubasi |
ongabasi |
ungabasi |
Class 4 |
iyabasa, ibasa |
ebasayo, ebasa |
ibasa |
ayibasi |
engabasi |
ingabasi |
Class 5 |
liyabasa, libasa |
elibasayo, elibasa |
libasa |
alibasi |
elingabasi |
lingabasi |
Class 6 |
ayabasa, abasa |
abasayo, abasa |
ebasa |
awabasi |
angabasi |
engabasi |
Class 7 |
siyabasa, sibasa |
esibasayo, esibasa |
sibasa |
asibasi |
esingabasi |
singabasi |
Class 8 |
ziyabasa, zibasa |
ezibasayo, ezibasa |
zibasa |
azibasi |
ezingabasi |
zingabasi |
Class 9 |
iyabasa, ibasa |
ebasayo, ebasa |
ibasa |
ayibasi |
engabasi |
ingabasi |
Class 10 |
ziyabasa, zibasa |
ezibasayo, ezibasa |
zibasa |
azibasi |
ezingabasi |
zingabasi |
Class 11 |
luyabasa, lubasa |
olubasayo, olubasa |
lubasa |
alubasi |
olungabasi |
lungabasi |
Class 14 |
buyabasa, bubasa |
obubasayo, obubasa |
bubasa |
abubasi |
obungabasi |
bungabasi |
Class 15 |
kuyabasa, kubasa |
okubasayo, okubasa |
kubasa |
akubasi |
okungabasi |
kungabasi |
Class 17 |
kuyabasa, kubasa |
okubasayo, okubasa |
kubasa |
akubasi |
okungabasi |
kungabasi |
|
Recent past |
|
Positive absolute |
Positive relative |
Positive participial |
Negative absolute |
Negative relative |
Negative participial |
1st singular |
ngibasile, ngibasē |
engibasile, engibasē |
ngibasile, ngibasē |
angibasanga |
engingabasanga |
ngingabasanga |
2nd singular |
ubasile, ubasē |
obasile, obasē |
ubasile, ubasē |
awubasanga |
ongabasanga |
ungabasanga |
1st plural |
sibasile, sibasē |
esibasile, esibasē |
sibasile, sibasē |
asibasanga |
esingabasanga |
singabasanga |
2nd plural |
nibasile, nibasē |
enibasile, enibasē |
nibasile, nibasē |
anibasanga |
eningabasanga |
ningabasanga |
Class 1 |
ubasile, ubasē |
obasile, obasē |
ebasile, ebasē |
akabasanga |
ongabasanga |
engabasanga |
Class 2 |
babasile, babasē |
ababasile, ababasē |
bebasile, bebasē |
ababasanga |
abangabasanga |
bengabasanga |
Class 3 |
ubasile, ubasē |
obasile, obasē |
ubasile, ubasē |
awubasanga |
ongabasanga |
ungabasanga |
Class 4 |
ibasile, ibasē |
ebasile, ebasē |
ibasile, ibasē |
ayibasanga |
engabasanga |
ingabasanga |
Class 5 |
libasile, libasē |
elibasile, elibasē |
libasile, libasē |
alibasanga |
elingabasanga |
lingabasanga |
Class 6 |
abasile, abasē |
abasile, abasē |
ebasile, ebasē |
awabasanga |
angabasanga |
engabasanga |
Class 7 |
sibasile, sibasē |
esibasile, esibasē |
sibasile, sibasē |
asibasanga |
esingabasanga |
singabasanga |
Class 8 |
zibasile, zibasē |
ezibasile, ezibasē |
zibasile, zibasē |
azibasanga |
ezingabasanga |
zingabasanga |
Class 9 |
ibasile, ibasē |
ebasile, ebasē |
ibasile, ibasē |
ayibasanga |
engabasanga |
ingabasanga |
Class 10 |
zibasile, zibasē |
ezibasile, ezibasē |
zibasile, zibasē |
azibasanga |
ezingabasanga |
zingabasanga |
Class 11 |
lubasile, lubasē |
olubasile, olubasē |
lubasile, lubasē |
alubasanga |
olungabasanga |
lungabasanga |
Class 14 |
bubasile, bubasē |
obubasile, obubasē |
bubasile, bubasē |
abubasanga |
obungabasanga |
bungabasanga |
Class 15 |
kubasile, kubasē |
okubasile, okubasē |
kubasile, kubasē |
akubasanga |
okungabasanga |
kungabasanga |
Class 17 |
kubasile, kubasē |
okubasile, okubasē |
kubasile, kubasē |
akubasanga |
okungabasanga |
kungabasanga |
|
Remote past |
|
Positive absolute |
Positive relative |
Positive participial |
Negative absolute |
Negative relative |
Negative participial |
1st singular |
ngābasa |
engābasa |
ngābasa |
angibasanga |
engingabasanga |
ngingabasanga |
2nd singular |
wābasa |
owābasa |
wābasa |
awubasanga |
ongabasanga |
ungabasanga |
1st plural |
sābasa |
esābasa |
sābasa |
asibasanga |
esingabasanga |
singabasanga |
2nd plural |
nābasa |
enābasa |
nābasa |
anibasanga |
eningabasanga |
ningabasanga |
Class 1 |
wābasa |
owābasa |
ābasa |
akabasanga |
ongabasanga |
engabasanga |
Class 2 |
bābasa |
abābasa |
bābasa |
ababasanga |
abangabasanga |
bengabasanga |
Class 3 |
wābasa |
owābasa |
wābasa |
awubasanga |
ongabasanga |
ungabasanga |
Class 4 |
yābasa |
eyābasa |
yābasa |
ayibasanga |
engabasanga |
ingabasanga |
Class 5 |
lābasa |
elābasa |
lābasa |
alibasanga |
elingabasanga |
lingabasanga |
Class 6 |
ābasa |
ābasa |
ābasa |
awabasanga |
angabasanga |
engabasanga |
Class 7 |
sābasa |
esābasa |
sābasa |
asibasanga |
esingabasanga |
singabasanga |
Class 8 |
zābasa |
ezābasa |
zābasa |
azibasanga |
ezingabasanga |
zingabasanga |
Class 9 |
yābasa |
eyābasa |
yābasa |
ayibasanga |
engabasanga |
ingabasanga |
Class 10 |
zābasa |
ezābasa |
zābasa |
azibasanga |
ezingabasanga |
zingabasanga |
Class 11 |
lwābasa |
olwābasa |
lwābasa |
alubasanga |
olungabasanga |
lungabasanga |
Class 14 |
bābasa |
obābasa |
bābasa |
abubasanga |
obungabasanga |
bungabasanga |
Class 15 |
kwābasa |
okwābasa |
kwābasa |
akubasanga |
okungabasanga |
kungabasanga |
Class 17 |
kwābasa |
okwābasa |
kwābasa |
akubasanga |
okungabasanga |
kungabasanga |
|
Potential |
|
Positive absolute |
Positive relative |
Positive participial |
Negative absolute |
Negative relative |
Negative participial |
1st singular |
ngingabasa |
— |
ngingabasa |
ngingebase |
— |
ngingebase |
2nd singular |
ungabasa |
— |
ungabasa |
ungebase |
— |
ungebase |
1st plural |
singabasa |
— |
singabasa |
singebase |
— |
singebase |
2nd plural |
ningabasa |
— |
ningabasa |
ningebase |
— |
ningebase |
Class 1 |
angabasa |
— |
engabasa |
angebase |
— |
engebase |
Class 2 |
bangabasa |
— |
bengabasa |
bangebase |
— |
bengebase |
Class 3 |
ungabasa |
— |
ungabasa |
ungebase |
— |
ungebase |
Class 4 |
ingabasa |
— |
ingabasa |
ingebase |
— |
ingebase |
Class 5 |
lingabasa |
— |
lingabasa |
lingebase |
— |
lingebase |
Class 6 |
angabasa |
— |
engabasa |
angebase |
— |
engebase |
Class 7 |
singabasa |
— |
singabasa |
singebase |
— |
singebase |
Class 8 |
zingabasa |
— |
zingabasa |
zingebase |
— |
zingebase |
Class 9 |
ingabasa |
— |
ingabasa |
ingebase |
— |
ingebase |
Class 10 |
zingabasa |
— |
zingabasa |
zingebase |
— |
zingebase |
Class 11 |
lungabasa |
— |
lungabasa |
lungebase |
— |
lungebase |
Class 14 |
bungabasa |
— |
bungabasa |
bungebase |
— |
bungebase |
Class 15 |
kungabasa |
— |
kungabasa |
kungebase |
— |
kungebase |
Class 17 |
kungabasa |
— |
kungabasa |
kungebase |
— |
kungebase |
|
Immediate future |
|
Positive absolute |
Positive relative |
Positive participial |
Negative absolute |
Negative relative |
Negative participial |
1st singular |
ngizobasa |
engizobasa |
ngizobasa |
angizubasa |
engingezubasa |
ngingezubasa |
2nd singular |
uzobasa |
ozobasa |
uzobasa |
awuzubasa |
ongezubasa |
ungezubasa |
1st plural |
sizobasa |
esizobasa |
sizobasa |
asizubasa |
esingezubasa |
singezubasa |
2nd plural |
nizobasa |
enizobasa |
nizobasa |
anizubasa |
eningezubasa |
ningezubasa |
Class 1 |
uzobasa |
ozobasa |
ezobasa |
akazubasa |
ongezubasa |
engezubasa |
Class 2 |
bazobasa |
abazobasa |
bezobasa |
abazubasa |
abangezubasa |
bengezubasa |
Class 3 |
uzobasa |
ozobasa |
uzobasa |
awuzubasa |
ongezubasa |
ungezubasa |
Class 4 |
izobasa |
ezobasa |
izobasa |
ayizubasa |
engezubasa |
ingezubasa |
Class 5 |
lizobasa |
elizobasa |
lizobasa |
alizubasa |
elingezubasa |
lingezubasa |
Class 6 |
azobasa |
azobasa |
ezobasa |
awazubasa |
angezubasa |
engezubasa |
Class 7 |
sizobasa |
esizobasa |
sizobasa |
asizubasa |
esingezubasa |
singezubasa |
Class 8 |
zizobasa |
ezizobasa |
zizobasa |
azizubasa |
ezingezubasa |
zingezubasa |
Class 9 |
izobasa |
ezobasa |
izobasa |
ayizubasa |
engezubasa |
ingezubasa |
Class 10 |
zizobasa |
ezizobasa |
zizobasa |
azizubasa |
ezingezubasa |
zingezubasa |
Class 11 |
luzobasa |
oluzobasa |
luzobasa |
aluzubasa |
olungezubasa |
lungezubasa |
Class 14 |
buzobasa |
obuzobasa |
buzobasa |
abuzubasa |
obungezubasa |
bungezubasa |
Class 15 |
kuzobasa |
okuzobasa |
kuzobasa |
akuzubasa |
okungezubasa |
kungezubasa |
Class 17 |
kuzobasa |
okuzobasa |
kuzobasa |
akuzubasa |
okungezubasa |
kungezubasa |
|
Remote future |
|
Positive absolute |
Positive relative |
Positive participial |
Negative absolute |
Negative relative |
Negative participial |
1st singular |
ngiyobasa |
engiyobasa |
ngiyobasa |
angiyubasa |
engingeyubasa |
ngingeyubasa |
2nd singular |
uyobasa |
oyobasa |
uyobasa |
awuyubasa |
ongeyubasa |
ungeyubasa |
1st plural |
siyobasa |
esiyobasa |
siyobasa |
asiyubasa |
esingeyubasa |
singeyubasa |
2nd plural |
niyobasa |
eniyobasa |
niyobasa |
aniyubasa |
eningeyubasa |
ningeyubasa |
Class 1 |
uyobasa |
oyobasa |
eyobasa |
akayubasa |
ongeyubasa |
engeyubasa |
Class 2 |
bayobasa |
abayobasa |
beyobasa |
abayubasa |
abangeyubasa |
bengeyubasa |
Class 3 |
uyobasa |
oyobasa |
uyobasa |
awuyubasa |
ongeyubasa |
ungeyubasa |
Class 4 |
iyobasa |
eyobasa |
iyobasa |
ayiyubasa |
engeyubasa |
ingeyubasa |
Class 5 |
liyobasa |
eliyobasa |
liyobasa |
aliyubasa |
elingeyubasa |
lingeyubasa |
Class 6 |
ayobasa |
ayobasa |
eyobasa |
awayubasa |
angeyubasa |
engeyubasa |
Class 7 |
siyobasa |
esiyobasa |
siyobasa |
asiyubasa |
esingeyubasa |
singeyubasa |
Class 8 |
ziyobasa |
eziyobasa |
ziyobasa |
aziyubasa |
ezingeyubasa |
zingeyubasa |
Class 9 |
iyobasa |
eyobasa |
iyobasa |
ayiyubasa |
engeyubasa |
ingeyubasa |
Class 10 |
ziyobasa |
eziyobasa |
ziyobasa |
aziyubasa |
ezingeyubasa |
zingeyubasa |
Class 11 |
luyobasa |
oluyobasa |
luyobasa |
aluyubasa |
olungeyubasa |
lungeyubasa |
Class 14 |
buyobasa |
obuyobasa |
buyobasa |
abuyubasa |
obungeyubasa |
bungeyubasa |
Class 15 |
kuyobasa |
okuyobasa |
kuyobasa |
akuyubasa |
okungeyubasa |
kungeyubasa |
Class 17 |
kuyobasa |
okuyobasa |
kuyobasa |
akuyubasa |
okungeyubasa |
kungeyubasa |
|
Present subjunctive |
|
Positive |
Negative |
1st singular |
ngibase |
ngingabasi |
2nd singular |
ubase |
ungabasi |
1st plural |
sibase |
singabasi |
2nd plural |
nibase |
ningabasi |
Class 1 |
abase |
angabasi |
Class 2 |
babase |
bangabasi |
Class 3 |
ubase |
ungabasi |
Class 4 |
ibase |
ingabasi |
Class 5 |
libase |
lingabasi |
Class 6 |
abase |
angabasi |
Class 7 |
sibase |
singabasi |
Class 8 |
zibase |
zingabasi |
Class 9 |
ibase |
ingabasi |
Class 10 |
zibase |
zingabasi |
Class 11 |
lubase |
lungabasi |
Class 14 |
bubase |
bungabasi |
Class 15 |
kubase |
kungabasi |
Class 17 |
kubase |
kungabasi |
|
Past subjunctive |
|
Positive |
Negative |
1st singular |
ngabasa |
ngangabasa, angabasa, angangabasa |
2nd singular |
wabasa |
wangabasa, awabasa, awangabasa |
1st plural |
sabasa |
sangabasa, asabasa, asangabasa |
2nd plural |
nabasa |
nangabasa, anabasa, anangabasa |
Class 1 |
wabasa |
wangabasa, akabasa, akangabasa |
Class 2 |
babasa |
bangabasa, ababasa, abangabasa |
Class 3 |
wabasa |
wangabasa, awabasa, awangabasa |
Class 4 |
yabasa |
yangabasa, ayabasa, ayangabasa |
Class 5 |
labasa |
langabasa, alabasa, alangabasa |
Class 6 |
abasa |
angabasa, awabasa, awangabasa |
Class 7 |
sabasa |
sangabasa, asabasa, asangabasa |
Class 8 |
zabasa |
zangabasa, azabasa, azangabasa |
Class 9 |
yabasa |
yangabasa, ayabasa, ayangabasa |
Class 10 |
zabasa |
zangabasa, azabasa, azangabasa |
Class 11 |
lwabasa |
lwangabasa, alwabasa, alwangabasa |
Class 14 |
babasa |
bangabasa, ababasa, abangabasa |
Class 15 |
kwabasa |
kwangabasa, akwabasa, akwangabasa |
Class 17 |
kwabasa |
kwangabasa, akwabasa, akwangabasa |