barna

See also: Appendix:Variations of "barna"

Albanian

Etymology

Gheg plural form of bar (“herb, grass”). Sometimes replaced by the Ottoman loanword ilaç.

Noun

barna f (definite plural barnat)

1. drug, medicine

Derived terms

• barnatore

Related terms

• bar

Basque

Etymology

Most likely connected to Iberian nabar (“deep”).

Pronunciation

• Audio:

  (file)

• IPA^(key): /barna/, [bar.na]

Adjective

barna (comparative barnago, superlative barnen, excessive barnegi)

1. deep

Declension

		indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive		barna	barna	barnak
ergative		barnak	barnak	barnek
dative		barnari	barnari	barnei
genitive		barnaren	barnaren	barnen
comitative		barnarekin	barnarekin	barnekin
causative		barnarengatik	barnarengatik	barnengatik
benefactive		barnarentzat	barnarentzat	barnentzat
instrumental		barnaz	barnaz	barnez
inessive	anim.	barnarengan	barnarengan	barnengan
	inanim.	barnatan	barnan	barnetan
locative	anim.	—	—	—
	inanim.	barnatako	barnako	barnetako
allative	anim.	barnarengana	barnarengana	barnengana
	inanim.	barnatara	barnara	barnetara
terminative	anim.	barnarenganaino	barnarenganaino	barnenganaino
	inanim.	barnataraino	barnaraino	barnetaraino
directive	anim.	barnarenganantz	barnarenganantz	barnenganantz
	inanim.	barnatarantz	barnarantz	barnetarantz
destinative	anim.	barnarenganako	barnarenganako	barnenganako
	inanim.	barnatarako	barnarako	barnetarako
ablative	anim.	barnarengandik	barnarengandik	barnengandik
	inanim.	barnatatik	barnatik	barnetatik
partitive		barnarik	—	—
prolative		barnatzat	—	—

Declension of barna (adjective, ending in -a)

Adverb

barna (comparative barnago, superlative barnen, excessive barnegi)

1. deeply

Noun

barna inan

1. conscience, soul

Declension

	indefinite	singular	plural
absolutive	barna	barna	barnak
ergative	barnak	barnak	barnek
dative	barnari	barnari	barnei
genitive	barnaren	barnaren	barnen
comitative	barnarekin	barnarekin	barnekin
causative	barnarengatik	barnarengatik	barnengatik
benefactive	barnarentzat	barnarentzat	barnentzat
instrumental	barnaz	barnaz	barnez
inessive	barnatan	barnan	barnetan
locative	barnatako	barnako	barnetako
allative	barnatara	barnara	barnetara
terminative	barnataraino	barnaraino	barnetaraino
directive	barnatarantz	barnarantz	barnetarantz
destinative	barnatarako	barnarako	barnetarako
ablative	barnatatik	barnatik	barnetatik
partitive	barnarik	—	—
prolative	barnatzat	—	—

Declension of barna (inanimate, ending in -a)

References

• Villamor, Fernando (2020) A basic dictionary and grammar of the Iberian language
• “barna”, in Euskaltzaindiaren Hiztegia [Dictionary of the Basque Academy], Euskaltzaindia
• “barna”, in Orotariko Euskal Hiztegia [General Basque Dictionary], Euskaltzaindia, 1987–2005

Gothic

Romanization

barna

1. Romanization of 𐌱𐌰𐍂𐌽𐌰

Hungarian

Etymology

From German. Compare braun (“brown”).^[1]

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈbɒrnɒ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Hyphenation: bar‧na
• Rhymes: -nɒ

Adjective

barna (comparative barnább, superlative legbarnább)

1. brown
2. having dark complexion/skin, tanned
3. brown-haired, brunette
   • 1899, Endre Ady, Színházban‎:

     Nincs egy tűrhető szereplő, / Unalmas, rossz mind a hány, / Ha hiányzik páholyából / Az az édes, barna lány.

     There's no decent character, / each of them is dull and bad, / if her box is empty, lacking, / oh without that sweet brunette.

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)
	singular	plural
nominative	barna	barnák
accusative	barnát	barnákat
dative	barnának	barnáknak
instrumental	barnával	barnákkal
causal-final	barnáért	barnákért
translative	barnává	barnákká
terminative	barnáig	barnákig
essive-formal	barnaként	barnákként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	barnában	barnákban
superessive	barnán	barnákon
adessive	barnánál	barnáknál
illative	barnába	barnákba
sublative	barnára	barnákra
allative	barnához	barnákhoz
elative	barnából	barnákból
delative	barnáról	barnákról
ablative	barnától	barnáktól
non-attributive possessive - singular	barnáé	barnáké
non-attributive possessive - plural	barnáéi	barnákéi

Derived terms

• barnállik
• barnás
• barnít
• barnul

Compound words

• csokoládébarna
• gesztenyebarna
• halványbarna
• őzbarna
• rozsdabarna
• sötétbarna

Expressions

• barna cukor
• barna törpe

See also

Colors in Hungarian · színek (terms that are not originally color names are usually supplemented with színű (“-colored”) or the nearest color name; less common names are marked in small) (layout · text)

fehér	szürke	fekete
piros​/​vörös; karmazsin​/​bíborvörös	narancssárga; barna	(citrom)sárga; krém-/vajszínű
citromzöld	zöld	mentazöld
cián​/​kékeszöld; zöldeskék	azúr(kék)​/​égszínkék	kék
ibolya(sz.); indigó(sz.)​/​kékeslila	bíbor(sz.)​/​bordó; lila	rózsaszín

References

1. barna in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

• barna in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• barna in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

Icelandic

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpartna/
• Rhymes: -artna

Etymology 1

From barn (“child”).

Verb

barna (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative barnaði, supine barnað)

1. to make pregnant, knock up [with accusative]

   Ég frétti að Jón hefði barnað enn eina stelpuna.

   I heard that John has knocked up yet another girl.

Conjugation

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að barna
supine (sagnbót)		barnað
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		barnandi
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég barna	við börnum	present (nútíð)	ég barni	við börnum
	þú barnar	þið barnið		þú barnir	þið barnið
	hann, hún, það barnar	þeir, þær, þau barna		hann, hún, það barni	þeir, þær, þau barni
past (þátíð)	ég barnaði	við börnuðum	past (þátíð)	ég barnaði	við börnuðum
	þú barnaðir	þið börnuðuð		þú barnaðir	þið börnuðuð
	hann, hún, það barnaði	þeir, þær, þau börnuðu		hann, hún, það barnaði	þeir, þær, þau börnuðu
imperative (boðháttur)	barna (þú)	barnið (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	barnaðu	barniði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

barna — active voice (germynd)

infinitive (nafnháttur)		að barnast
supine (sagnbót)		barnast
present participle (lýsingarháttur nútíðar)		barnandist ** ** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
	indicative (framsöguháttur)			subjunctive (viðtengingarháttur)
present (nútíð)	ég barnast	við börnumst	present (nútíð)	ég barnist	við börnumst
	þú barnast	þið barnist		þú barnist	þið barnist
	hann, hún, það barnast	þeir, þær, þau barnast		hann, hún, það barnist	þeir, þær, þau barnist
past (þátíð)	ég barnaðist	við börnuðumst	past (þátíð)	ég barnaðist	við börnuðumst
	þú barnaðist	þið börnuðust		þú barnaðist	þið börnuðust
	hann, hún, það barnaðist	þeir, þær, þau börnuðust		hann, hún, það barnaðist	þeir, þær, þau börnuðust
imperative (boðháttur)	barnast (þú)	barnist (þið)
	Forms with appended personal pronoun
	barnastu	barnisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.

barnast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)

strong declension (sterk beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	barnaður	börnuð	barnað		barnaðir	barnaðar	börnuð
accusative (þolfall)	barnaðan	barnaða	barnað		barnaða	barnaðar	börnuð
dative (þágufall)	börnuðum	barnaðri	börnuðu		börnuðum	börnuðum	börnuðum
genitive (eignarfall)	barnaðs	barnaðrar	barnaðs		barnaðra	barnaðra	barnaðra
weak declension (veik beyging)	singular (eintala)				plural (fleirtala)
	masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)		masculine (karlkyn)	feminine (kvenkyn)	neuter (hvorugkyn)
nominative (nefnifall)	barnaði	barnaða	barnaða		börnuðu	börnuðu	börnuðu
accusative (þolfall)	barnaða	börnuðu	barnaða		börnuðu	börnuðu	börnuðu
dative (þágufall)	barnaða	börnuðu	barnaða		börnuðu	börnuðu	börnuðu
genitive (eignarfall)	barnaða	börnuðu	barnaða		börnuðu	börnuðu	börnuðu

barnaður — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)

See also

• barna söguna fyrir
• óléttur
• þungaður
• barnshafandi
• ófrískur
• vanfær
• kasóléttur

Etymology 2

Noun

barna

1. indefinite genitive plural of barn

Kashubian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *borna.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbar.na/
• Rhymes: -arna
• Syllabification: bar‧na

Noun

barna f

1. harrow

Further reading

• “barna”, in Internetowi Słowôrz Kaszëbsczégò Jãzëka [Internet Dictionary of the Kashubian Language], Fundacja Kaszuby, 2022

Norwegian Bokmål

Alternative forms

• barnene

Pronunciation

This entry needs pronunciation information. If you are familiar with the IPA then please add some!

Noun

barna n

1. definite plural of barn

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• borna

Noun

barna n

1. definite plural of barn

Old Norse

Etymology

From barn (“child”).

Verb

barna

1. to get with child

Conjugation

infinitive	barna
present participle	barnandi
past participle	barnaðr
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	barna	barnaða
2nd-person singular	barnar	barnaðir
3rd-person singular	barnar	barnaði
1st-person plural	bǫrnum	bǫrnuðum
2nd-person plural	barnið	bǫrnuðuð
3rd-person plural	barna	bǫrnuðu
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	barna	barnaða
2nd-person singular	barnir	barnaðir
3rd-person singular	barni	barnaði
1st-person plural	barnim	barnaðim
2nd-person plural	barnið	barnaðið
3rd-person plural	barni	barnaði
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	barna
1st-person plural	bǫrnum
2nd-person plural	barnið

Conjugation of barna — active (weak class 2)

infinitive	barnask
present participle	barnandisk
past participle	barnazk
indicative	present	past
1st-person singular	bǫrnumk	bǫrnuðumk
2nd-person singular	barnask	barnaðisk
3rd-person singular	barnask	barnaðisk
1st-person plural	bǫrnumsk	bǫrnuðumsk
2nd-person plural	barnizk	bǫrnuðuzk
3rd-person plural	barnask	bǫrnuðusk
subjunctive	present	past
1st-person singular	bǫrnumk	bǫrnuðumk
2nd-person singular	barnisk	barnaðisk
3rd-person singular	barnisk	barnaðisk
1st-person plural	barnimsk	barnaðimsk
2nd-person plural	barnizk	barnaðizk
3rd-person plural	barnisk	barnaðisk
imperative	present
2nd-person singular	barnask
1st-person plural	bǫrnumsk
2nd-person plural	barnizk

Conjugation of barna — mediopassive (weak class 2)

Further reading

• Zoëga, Geir T. (1910) “barna”, in A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press; also available at the Internet Archive

Swedish

Noun

barna

1. (dialectal, nonstandard) definite plural of barn
   • 1895, Gustaf Fröding, “Illackt fôlk [Mean people]”, in Räggler å paschaser [Tall tales and adventures]:

     barna rände sôm möss ikring

     the children ran like mice around

   • 1971, Astrid Lindgren, Pippi går till sjöss [Pippi heads off to sea]:

     Negerprinsessa, tänk bara! Jag ska ha en egen neger som blankar mej med skokräm över hela kroppen, så att jag blir lika svart som dom andra negerbarna

     Negro princess, just imagine! I shall have a Negro of my own that can cover me in shoe polish, so that I become as black as the other Negro children.

   • (Can we date this quote?), Roald Dahl, translated by Viveka Tunek, Kalle och chokladfabriken [Charlie and the Chocolate Factory], 6th edition, Rabén & Sjögren, →ISBN, page 170:

     Men har du någon gång börjat fundera / och låtit det inom dig klarna / vad som sker med barna?

     But have you ever wondered / and realized by yourself / what happens to the children?

Usage notes

In most of Sweden’s traditional dialects the Old Swedish definite neuter plural ending -in developed into -a rather than the -en ending found in standard Swedish. Though such forms are considered strictly non-standard, they are found in dialectal texts and occasionally in the works of authors such as Astrid Lindgren, as well as in the spoken language of many dialecta around the Swedish-speaking area.

Anagrams

• banar

Wajarri

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /baɳa/

Noun

barna

1. country, land