adu

See also: Appendix:Variations of "adu"

Esperanto

Pronunciation

• Audio:

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Verb

adu

1. imperative of adi

Gun

Alternative forms

• aɖú (Benin)

Etymology

From Proto-Gbe *aɖú. Cognates include Fon aɖǔ, Saxwe Gbe aɖú, Aja aɖu

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.ɖú/

Noun

adú (plural adú lẹ́) (Nigeria)

1. tooth

Hausa

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ʔá.dú/
  • (Standard Kano Hausa) IPA^(key): [ʔá.dɪ́]

Noun

adu f (possessed form adun)

1. smallpox

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈɒdu]
• Hyphenation: adu
• Rhymes: -du

Noun

adu (plural aduk)

1. trump (the suit, in a game of cards, that outranks all others)

Declension

Inflection (stem in long/high vowel, back harmony)

	singular	plural
nominative	adu	aduk
accusative	adut	adukat
dative	adunak	aduknak
instrumental	aduval	adukkal
causal-final	aduért	adukért
translative	aduvá	adukká
terminative	aduig	adukig
essive-formal	aduként	adukként
essive-modal	—	—
inessive	aduban	adukban
superessive	adun	adukon
adessive	adunál	aduknál
illative	aduba	adukba
sublative	adura	adukra
allative	aduhoz	adukhoz
elative	aduból	adukból
delative	aduról	adukról
ablative	adutól	aduktól
non-attributive possessive – singular	adué	aduké
non-attributive possessive – plural	aduéi	adukéi

Possessive forms of adu

possessor	single possession	multiple possessions
1st person sing.	adum	aduim
2nd person sing.	adud	aduid
3rd person sing.	aduja	adui
1st person plural	adunk	aduink
2nd person plural	adutok	aduitok
3rd person plural	adujuk	aduik

Further reading

• adu in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• adu in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).

Indonesian

Alternative forms

• adoe (1901–1947)

Etymology

From Malay adu, from Classical Malay ادو (adu), from Old Malay hadu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *adu (“compete, confront in a contest”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈadu/
• Hyphenation: adu

Verb

adu

1. to compete, to contest
2. to complain

Conjugation

Conjugation of adu (meng-, ber-, transitive)

root	adu
	active	passive		imperative colloquial	emphatic jussive
		reflective1	ordinary
	ordinary
active	mengadu, beradu	teradu	diadu	adu	adulah
locative
perfective causative / applicative2	mengadukan	teradukan	diadukan	adukan	adukanlah
	causative
active
locative
perfective causative / applicative2	memperadukan		diperadukan	peradukan

¹ There is other form of reflective passive verb with affixation of ke- -an which not included in the table. This form is only attested in active voice without causative affixation of per-.
² The -kan row is either causative or applicative. With transitive roots it mostly has applicative meaning.
Some of these forms do not normally exist or are rarely used in standard Indonesian. Some forms may also change meaning.

Noun

adu

1. competition

   Synonym: lomba

2. cockfight

Derived terms

• aduan
• beradu
• memperadukan
• mengadu
• mengadukan
• pengadu
• pengaduan
• peraduan
• teradu
• teradukan

• adu bagong
• adu banteng
• adu cepat
• adu jangkrik
• adu jotos
• adu kambing
• adu kekuatan
• adu lari
• adu lengan
• adu mulut
• adu nasib
• adu pagar
• adu pandang
• adu penalti

Further reading

• “adu” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation – Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic of Indonesia, 2016.

Javanese

Romanization

adu

1. Romanization of ꦲꦢꦸ

Latvian

Verb

adu

1. first-person singular present indicative of adīt

Limos Kalinga

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *hadu, from Proto-Austronesian *Sadu. Cognate with Puyuma sadru and Yami aro.

Adjective

adú

1. many

Malay

Alternative forms

• ادو

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈadu/
• Hyphenation: adu

Etymology 1

From Classical Malay ادو (adu), from Old Malay hadu, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *adu (“compete, confront in a contest”). See beradu.

Verb

adu

1. to compete, to contest.

   Mereka sedang adu tenaga.

   They are currently competing in strength.

2. to fight.

   Dia adu musuhnya seorang diri.

   He fought his enemy alone.

3. to complain

Noun

adu (plural adu-adu)

1. competition; usually as peraduan.

Derived terms

• adukan
• beradu
• diadu
• diadukan
• mengadu
• mengadukan
• peraduan

Etymology 2

Verb

adu

1. (royal, poetic) to sleep. See beradu.

Further reading

• “adu” in Pusat Rujukan Persuratan Melayu | Malay Literary Reference Centre, Kuala Lumpur: Dewan Bahasa dan Pustaka, 2017.

Northern Kurdish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɑːˈdʊ/

Noun

adu m (Arabic spelling ئادو)

1. Alternative form of edû (“enemy; rival”)

Declension

Declension of adu

definite masculine gender
case	singular	plural
nominative	adu	adu
construct	aduyê	aduyên
oblique	aduyî	aduyan
demonstrative oblique	wî aduyî	wan aduyan
vocative	aduyo	aduyino
indefinite masculine gender
case	singular	plural
nominative	aduyek	aduyin
construct	aduyekî	aduyine
oblique	aduyekî	aduyinan

References

• Chyet, Michael L. (2020) “adu”, in Ferhenga Birûskî: Kurmanji–English Dictionary (Language Series; 1), volume 1, London: Transnational Press, page 2

Old Javanese

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *adu (“compete, confront in a contest”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /a.du/
• Rhymes: -du
• Homophones: aḍu, aḍū
• Hyphenation: a‧du

Verb

adu

1. to stand opposite
2. to face, to meet

Derived terms

• adon-adon
• apaṅadwa
• aṅadoni
• aṅadu
• aṅadu-adu
• aṅadwakĕn
• aṅadwani
• inadu
• inadwakĕn
• inadwan
• madu
• paṅadwa
• pinadwakĕn
• pādwakĕna

• adu manis
• aṅadu piśuna
• inadu caṇḍi
• maṅadu minda

Descendants

• > Javanese: ꦲꦢꦸ (adu) (inherited)

Further reading

• "adu" in P.J. Zoetmulder with the collaboration of S.O. Robson, Old Javanese-English Dictionary. 's-Gravenhage: M. Nijhoff, 1982.

Romanian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ˈadu]

Verb

adu

1. second-person singular imperative of aduce

Tarifit

Preposition

adu (Tifinagh spelling ⴰⴷⵓ)

1. under, underneath

   Synonym: sadu

   adu tfřewt

   Under the wood.

Ternate

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈa.du/

Noun

adu

1. spleen

References

• Rika Hayami-Allen (2001) A descriptive study of the language of Ternate, the northern Moluccas, Indonesia, University of Pittsburgh

Torricelli

Noun

adu

1. a type of mushroom

References

• Drinfeld, Andrey. 2023. Aro-English / English-Aro Dictionary. Ms. 112pp.

West Makian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈa.d̪u/

Verb

adu

1. (transitive) to fell a tree

   Synonym: telo

Conjugation

Conjugation of adu (action verb)

		singular	plural
			inclusive	exclusive
1st person		taadu	maadu	aadu
2nd person		naadu	faadu
3rd person	inanimate	iadu	daadu
	animate
imperative		naadu, adu	faadu, adu

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics