abicio

Latin

Etymology

From ab- (“from, down or away from”) +‎ iaciō (“throw, hurl”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /aˈbi.ki.oː/, [äˈbɪkioː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /aˈbi.t͡ʃi.o/, [äˈbiːt͡ʃio]
• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /abˈi̯i.ki.oː/, [äbˈi̯ɪkioː]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /abˈji.t͡ʃi.o/, [äbˈjiːt͡ʃio]

Verb

abiciō (present infinitive abicere, perfect active abiēcī, supine abiectum); third conjugation iō-variant

1. to throw or hurl down or away, cast or push away or aside
2. to give up, abandon; expose; discard
3. to humble, degrade, reduce, lower, cast down
4. to overthrow, vanquish
5. to sell cheaply, undervalue; waste; degrade, belittle
6. (with se) to throw oneself on the ground; throw oneself away, degrade oneself, give up in despair
7. (of weapons) to discharge, fling, hurl, cast, throw

Conjugation

Conjugation of abiciō (third conjugation iō-variant)
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	abiciō	abicis	abicit	abicimus	abicitis	abiciunt
	imperfect	abiciēbam	abiciēbās	abiciēbat	abiciēbāmus	abiciēbātis	abiciēbant
	future	abiciam	abiciēs	abiciet	abiciēmus	abiciētis	abicient
	perfect	abiēcī	abiēcistī	abiēcit	abiēcimus	abiēcistis	abiēcērunt, abiēcēre
	pluperfect	abiēceram	abiēcerās	abiēcerat	abiēcerāmus	abiēcerātis	abiēcerant
	future perfect	abiēcerō	abiēceris	abiēcerit	abiēcerimus	abiēceritis	abiēcerint
passive	present	abicior	abiceris, abicere	abicitur	abicimur	abiciminī	abiciuntur
	imperfect	abiciēbar	abiciēbāris, abiciēbāre	abiciēbātur	abiciēbāmur	abiciēbāminī	abiciēbantur
	future	abiciar	abiciēris, abiciēre	abiciētur	abiciēmur	abiciēminī	abicientur
	perfect	abiectus + present active indicative of sum
	pluperfect	abiectus + imperfect active indicative of sum
	future perfect	abiectus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	abiciam	abiciās	abiciat	abiciāmus	abiciātis	abiciant
	imperfect	abicerem	abicerēs	abiceret	abicerēmus	abicerētis	abicerent
	perfect	abiēcerim	abiēcerīs	abiēcerit	abiēcerīmus	abiēcerītis	abiēcerint
	pluperfect	abiēcissem	abiēcissēs	abiēcisset	abiēcissēmus	abiēcissētis	abiēcissent
passive	present	abiciar	abiciāris, abiciāre	abiciātur	abiciāmur	abiciāminī	abiciantur
	imperfect	abicerer	abicerēris, abicerēre	abicerētur	abicerēmur	abicerēminī	abicerentur
	perfect	abiectus + present active subjunctive of sum
	pluperfect	abiectus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
active	present	—	abice	—	—	abicite	—
	future	—	abicitō	abicitō	—	abicitōte	abiciuntō
passive	present	—	abicere	—	—	abiciminī	—
	future	—	abicitor	abicitor	—	—	abiciuntor
non-finite forms		active			passive
		present	perfect	future	present	perfect	future
infinitives		abicere	abiēcisse	abiectūrum esse	abicī	abiectum esse	abiectum īrī
participles		abiciēns	—	abiectūrus	—	abiectus	abiciendus, abiciundus
verbal nouns		gerund				supine
		genitive	dative	accusative	ablative	accusative	ablative
		abiciendī	abiciendō	abiciendum	abiciendō	abiectum	abiectū

Synonyms

• (throw): coniciō, iniciō, adiciō, obiciō, dēiciō, iaculor, iaciō, iactō, trāiciō, impingō, ēmittō, mittō, permittō
• (give up, abandon): dēdō, dēstituō, dīmittō, prōdō, dēserō, concēdō, cēdō, dēcēdō, dēspondeō
• (overthrow, vanquish): convellō, corruō, dēleō, dīruō, ēruō, ēvertō, opprimō, pervertō, prōflīgō, prōruō, prōsternō, subvertō, superobruō
• (reduce): abdūcō, attenuō
• (waste): comedō
• (humble): contemnō, dēprimō, trādūcō

Antonyms

• (antonym(s) of “reduce”): amplificō, augeō
• (antonym(s) of “waste”): salvō, servō

Derived terms

• abiectē
• abiectiō
• abiectus

 

Related terms

• adiciō
• circumiciō
• cōniciō
• dēiciō
• disiciō
• ēiciō
• iaciō
• iniciō
• intericiō
• obiciō
• praeiciō
• prōiciō
• rēiciō
• subiciō
• superiaciō
• trāiciō

 

Descendants

• English: abject
• Italian: abiettare
• Portuguese: abjetar
• Spanish: abyectar

References

• “abicio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “abicio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• abicio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to throw oneself at some one's feet: ad pedes alicuius se proicere, se abicere, procumbere, se prosternere
    
  • to study the commonplace: cogitationes in res humiles abicere (De Amic. 9. 32) (Opp. alte spectare, ad altiora tendere, altum, magnificum, divinum suspicere)
    
  • to let a plan fall through: consilium abicere or deponere
    
  • to picture to oneself again: memoriam alicuius rei repraesentare (opp. memoriam alicuius rei deponere, abicere)
    
  • to banish grief: dolorem abicere, deponere, depellere
    
  • to banish one's fears: abicere, omittere timorem
    
  • to give up hoping: spem abicere, deponere
    
  • to be quite insensible to all feelings of humanity: omnem humanitatem exuisse, abiecisse (Lig. 5. 14)
    
  • to throw away one's arms: arma abicere