鴄

鴄 U+9D04, 鴄 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9D04 ← 鴃 [U+9D03] CJK Unified Ideographs 鴅 → [U+9D05]

Translingual

Han character

鴄 (Kangxi radical 196, 鳥+4, 15 strokes, cangjie input 尸金竹日火 (SCHAF), four-corner 7772₇, composition ⿰匹鳥)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1483, character 39
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46724
• Dae Jaweon: page 2015, character 38
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4618, character 11
• Unihan data for U+9D04

Chinese

Glyph origin

	Old Chinese
匹	*pʰid
鴄	*pʰid

Characters in the same phonetic series (匹) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *pʰid) : phonetic 匹 (OC *pʰid) + semantic 鳥 (“bird”).

Etymology 1

simp. and trad.		鴄
alternative forms		匹

A Southeast Asian areal etymon (STEDT). Compare:

• Tai-Kadai: Proto-Tai *pitᴰ (“duck”) > Thai เป็ด (bpèt), Lao ເປັດ (pet), Zhuang bit;
• Austroasiatic: Proto-Vietic *viːt (“duck”) > Vietnamese vịt, to which (Alves 2015) proposes a Tai origin;
• Sino-Tibetan:
  • Miju kɹɑi³⁵ pit⁵⁵ (“duck”);
  • Pela pjɛ̱t⁵⁵ (“duck”), Zaiwa pje̱t⁵⁵ (“duck”);
  • Proto-Lolo-Burmese *baj¹/² (“duck”) > Burmese ဘဲ (bhai:).

Now considered obsolete in Sinitic and Sino-Xenic; the common word for "duck" in modern Sinitic is 鴨 (OC *qraːb).

Pronunciation

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鴄
Reading #	1/1
No.	9738
Phonetic component	匹
Rime group	質
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	匹
Old Chinese	/*pʰid/
Notes	禮記孟子作匹

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): pǐ, pī (pi³, pi¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄆㄧˇ, ㄆㄧ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): pat¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pǐ
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pǐ
    • Wade–Giles: pʻi³
    • Yale: pǐ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pii
    • Palladius: пи (pi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi²¹⁴/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: pī
    • Zhuyin: ㄆㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: pi
    • Wade–Giles: pʻi¹
    • Yale: pī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: pi
    • Palladius: пи (pi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰi⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: pat¹
    • Yale: pāt
    • Cantonese Pinyin: pat⁷
    • Guangdong Romanization: ped¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /pʰɐt̚⁵/

---

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰid/

Definitions

鴄

1. ^† duck

   • 凡摯，天子鬯，諸侯圭，卿羔，大夫雁，士雉，庶人之摯匹；童子委摯而退。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     凡挚，天子鬯，诸侯圭，卿羔，大夫雁，士雉，庶人之挚匹；童子委挚而退。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of Rites, c. 4^th – 2^nd century BCE

     Fán zhì, tiānzǐ chàng, zhūhóu guī, qīng gāo, dàfū yàn, shì zhì, shùrén zhī zhì pǐ; tóngzǐ wěi zhì ér tuì. [Pinyin]

     By way of presents of introduction, the son of Heaven uses spirits of black millet; feudal princes, their symbols of jade; a high minister, a lamb; a Great officer, a goose; an (ordinary) officer, a pheasant; a common man, a duck. Lads should bring their article, and withdraw.

Compounds

• 𩿣鴄

 

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 鴄 – see 鵯 (“, etc.; bulbul”). (This character is a variant form of 鵯).

Japanese

Kanji

鴄

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. (rare, obsolete) duck

Readings

• On (unclassified): ひち (hichi)、ひつ (hitsu)

Compounds

Compounds

• 𩿣(ばつ)鴄(ひつ) (batsuhitsu)