鮭

See also: 鲑

鮭 U+9BAD, 鮭 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BAD ← 鮬 [U+9BAC] CJK Unified Ideographs 鮮 → [U+9BAE]

Translingual

Han character

鮭 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+6, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓火土土 (NFGG), four-corner 2431₄, composition ⿰魚圭)

Derived characters

• 𫊒

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 1470, character 5
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46132
• Dae Jaweon: page 2002, character 24
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4684, character 10
• Unihan data for U+9BAD

Chinese

trad.		鮭
simp.		鲑

Glyph origin

	Old Chinese
街	*kreː, *kreː
鞋	*ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː
娾	*ŋreː, *ŋreːʔ
佳	*kreː
鮭	*ɡreː, *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
涯	*ŋreː, *ŋre
崖	*ŋreː, *ŋre
啀	*ŋreː
厓	*ŋreː
捱	*ŋreː
睚	*ŋreːs
娃	*qreː
洼	*qreː, *qʷraː, *kʷeː
哇	*qreː, *qʷraː
胿	*ɡeː, *kʷeː
溎	*qeːns
觟	*ɡʷraːʔ
黊	*ɡʷraːʔ, *ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː
蘳	*ɡʷraːʔ, *qʰʷe
蛙	*qʷraː, *qʷreː
窪	*qʷraː
卦	*kʷreːs
挂	*kʷreːs
掛	*kʷreːs
詿	*kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs
罣	*kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs
絓	*kʰʷreː, *ɡʷreːs
鼃	*ɢʷreː, *qʷreː
圭	*kʷeː
珪	*kʷeː
邽	*kʷeː
閨	*kʷeː
袿	*kʷeː
窐	*kʷeː, *ɡʷeː
茥	*kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
桂	*kʷeːs
筀	*kʷeːs
奎	*kʰʷeː
刲	*kʰʷeː
蝰	*kʰʷeː
楏	*kʰʷeː
睳	*qʰʷeː
畦	*ɡʷeː
眭	*ɡʷeː, *sqʰʷe, *qʰʷe, *qʰʷi
烓	*qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ
跬	*kʰʷeʔ
恚	*qʷes
硅	*qʰʷreɡ

Characters in the same phonetic series (圭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character	鮭
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	齊 (40)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	古攜切
Baxter	kwej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kwei/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷei/
Shao Rongfen	/kuɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwɛj/
Li Rong	/kuei/
Wang Li	/kiwei/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kiwei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwai1

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鮭
Reading #	2/3
No.	4575
Phonetic component	圭
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	圭
Old Chinese	/*kʷeː/
Notes	見山海經論衡

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): guī (gui¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄟ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): gwai¹
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): ge²
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): kôe

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: guī
    • Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄟ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: guei
    • Wade–Giles: kuei¹
    • Yale: gwēi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guei
    • Palladius: гуй (guj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯eɪ̯⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: gwai¹
    • Yale: gwāi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: gwai¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: guei¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷɐi̯⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ge²
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: gé
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ke¹³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: kôe
    • Tâi-lô: kuê
    • Phofsit Daibuun: koee
    • IPA (Xiamen): /kue²⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /kue²⁴/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /kue¹³/
    • IPA (Taipei): /kue²⁴/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /kue²³/

---

• Middle Chinese: kwej

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʷeː/

Definitions

鮭

1. blowfish
2. salmon

Synonyms

Variety	Location	Words edit
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		鮭, 鮭魚
Taxonomic name		鮭
Northeastern Mandarin	Taiwan	鮭魚
Cantonese	Hong Kong	三文魚
Hakka	Huizhou (Huicheng; Bendihua)	三文魚
Southern Min	Taipei (Wanhua)	紅鰱魚
	Kaohsiung	紅鰱魚
	Yilan	鮭魚
	Changhua (Lukang)	紅鰱魚
	Taichung	鮭魚
	Taichung (Wuqi)	鮭魚
	Tainan	紅鰱魚, 三文魚
	Tainan (Anping)	紅鰱魚
	Taitung	紅鰱魚
	Hsinchu	鮭魚
	Penghu (Magong)	紅鰱魚
	Penang (Hokkien)	三文魚
Zhongshan Min	Zhongshan (Longdu, Shaxi)	三文魚
Wu	Shanghai	三文魚

Dialectal synonyms of 鮭魚 (“salmon”) [map]

Compounds

• 大西洋鮭 / 大西洋鲑
• 紅點鮭 / 红点鲑 (hóngdiǎnguī)
• 鮭目 / 鲑目
• 鮭菜 / 鲑菜
• 鮭魚 / 鲑鱼 (guīyú)

 

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character	鮭
Reading #	3/3
Initial (聲)	匣 (33)
Final (韻)	佳 (31)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	II
Fanqie	戸佳切
Baxter	hea
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɦˠɛ/
Pan Wuyun	/ɦᵚæ/
Shao Rongfen	/ɣæi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɦaɨj/
Li Rong	/ɣɛ/
Wang Li	/ɣai/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɣai/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xiá
Expected Cantonese Reflex	haai4

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鮭
Reading #	1/3
No.	4533
Phonetic component	圭
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	㥟
Old Chinese	/*ɡreː/
Notes	說文作膎

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): xié (xie²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄝˊ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: xié
    • Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄝˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: sié
    • Wade–Giles: hsieh²
    • Yale: syé
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shye
    • Palladius: се (se)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɕi̯ɛ³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: hea

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*ɡreː/

Definitions

鮭

1. general name for fish foods

Pronunciation 3

Rime
Character	鮭
Reading #	2/3
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	齊 (40)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	苦圭切
Baxter	khwej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰwei/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰʷei/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰwɛj/
Li Rong	/kʰuei/
Wang Li	/kʰiwei/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰiwei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kuī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	fai1

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	鮭
Reading #	3/3
No.	4585
Phonetic component	圭
Rime group	支
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	睽
Old Chinese	/*kʰʷeː/
Notes	漢姓

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kuí (kui²)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄟˊ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kuí
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄟˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kuéi
    • Wade–Giles: kʻuei²
    • Yale: kwéi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kwei
    • Palladius: куй (kuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰu̯eɪ̯³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: khwej

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰʷeː/

Definitions

鮭

1. Only used in 鮭陽／鲑阳.

Pronunciation 4

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): wā (wa¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄨㄚ

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wā
    • Zhuyin: ㄨㄚ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wa
    • Wade–Giles: wa¹
    • Yale: wā
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ua
    • Palladius: ва (va)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /wä⁵⁵/

Definitions

鮭

1. Only used in 鮭蠪／鲑𰲴.

Pronunciation 5

For pronunciation and definitions of 鮭 – see 觟. (This character is a variant form of 觟).

References

• 莆田市政协文化文史和学习委员会 [Culture, History and Learning Committee of Putian CPPCC], editor (2021), “鲑”, in 莆仙方言大词典 [Comprehensive Dictionary of Puxian Dialect] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), Xiamen University Press, →ISBN, page 201.

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 鮭

鮭

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. chum salmon

Readings

• Go-on: け (ke)^{←け (ke, historical)←くゑ (kwe, ancient)}、げ (ge)
• Kan-on: かい (kai)、けい (kei)^{←けい (kei, historical)←くゑい (kwei, ancient)}
• Kun: さけ (sake, 鮭)、しゃけ (shake, 鮭)^{←しやけ (syake, 鮭, historical)}、ふぐ (fugu, 鮭)

Compounds

Compounds

• 入(い)れ子鮭(こざけ) (irekozake), 内子鮭(いれこざけ) (irekozake)
• 乾鮭(からざけ) (karazake)
• 銀鮭(ぎんざけ) (ginzake)
• 鮭鱒(けいそん) (keison, “salmons and trouts”)
• 子籠(こご)もり鮭(ざけ) (kogomorizake)
• 塩鮭(しおざけ) (shiozake)
• 塩鮭(しおじゃけ) (shiojake)
• 白鮭(しろざけ) (shirozake)
• 大西洋鮭(たいせいようさけ) (taiseiyōsake, “Atlantic salmon”)
• 時鮭(ときざけ) (tokizake)
• 生鮭(なまざけ) (namazake)
• 紅鮭(べにざけ) (benizake)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鮭
さけ Hyōgai
kun'yomi

Alternative spelling
鮏

Japanese Wikipedia has an article on:

サケ

Wikipedia ^ja

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Salmon

Wikipedia

Originally borrowed from Ainu サㇰイベ (sak ibe, “salmon”, literally “summer + eat”, in reference to how the fish would be caught and eaten in the summer),^[1] or possible alternative unattested compound *サㇰエㇷ゚ (sak ep, literally “summer + food”).^[2]

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) さけ [sáꜜkè] (Atamadaka – [1])^[1][3][4][5]
• IPA^(key): [sa̠ke̞]

Noun

鮭(さけ) or 鮭(サケ) • (sake) 

1. a chum salmon

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as サケ.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鮭
しゃけ Hyōgai

鮭, Oncorhynchus keta

Probably a sound shift from the sake reading, possibly to help differentiate from 酒 (sake, “alcoholic beverage”). Alternatively, might be a borrowing from a different dialect of Ainu.

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) しゃけ [sháꜜkè] (Atamadaka – [1])^[3][4]
• IPA^(key): [ɕa̠ke̞]

Noun

鮭(しゃけ) or 鮭(シャケ) • (shake) ^{←しやけ (syake)?}

1. a chum salmon

References

1. “さけ 【鮭・鮏】”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten]‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2000-2002, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here
2. 2005, 日本語源大辞典 (Nihon Gogen Daijiten) (in Japanese), →ISBN, quoted in this 2005 blog post
3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
4. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
5. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

鮭 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae, Yale hay)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鮭: Hán Nôm readings: khuê, khoai

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.