跳躍

See also: 跳跃

Chinese

		jump; hop; skip (a grade) jump; hop; skip (a grade); to leap; to bounce; to beat	to jump; to leap
trad. (跳躍)		跳	躍
simp. (跳跃)		跳	跃
alternative forms		跳趯

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	跳	躍
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	定 (7)	以 (36)
Final (韻)	蕭 (93)	藥 (107)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	徒聊切	以灼切
Baxter	dew	yak
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/deu/	/jɨɐk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/deu/	/jiɐk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/deu/	/iɑk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/dɛw/	/jɨak̚/
Li Rong	/deu/	/iak̚/
Wang Li	/dieu/	/jĭak̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/dʱieu/	/i̯ak̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tiáo	yuè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	tiu4	joek6

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	跳	躍
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	tiào	yuè
Middle Chinese	‹ dew ›	‹ yak ›
Old Chinese	/*lˁew/	/*lewk/
English	jump	leap, jump
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	跳	跳	躍
Reading #	1/2	2/2	1/1
No.	16887	16888	2220
Phonetic component	兆	兆	翟
Rime group	宵	宵	藥
Rime subdivision	2	2	2
Corresponding MC rime	糶	迢	藥
Old Chinese	/*l̥ʰeːws/	/*l'eːw/	/*lewɢ/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): tiàoyuè

  (Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄠˋ ㄩㄝˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): tiu³ joek⁶ / tiu³ joek³
• Eastern Min (BUC): tiéu-iŏk
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): thiàu-io̍k / thiàu-iāu

  (Teochew, Peng'im): tiao³ iag⁴

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: tiàoyuè
    • Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄠˋ ㄩㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: tiàoyuè
    • Wade–Giles: tʻiao⁴-yüeh⁴
    • Yale: tyàu-ywè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tiawyueh
    • Palladius: тяоюэ (tjaojue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɑʊ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ ɥɛ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: tiu³ joek⁶ / tiu³ joek³
    • Yale: tiu yeuhk / tiu yeuk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tiu³ joek⁹ / tiu³ joek⁸
    • Guangdong Romanization: tiu³ yêg⁶ / tiu³ yêg³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiːu̯³³ jœːk̚²/, /tʰiːu̯³³ jœːk̚³/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: tiéu-iŏk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰieu²¹³⁻⁵⁵ yoʔ⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiàu-io̍k
    • Tâi-lô: thiàu-io̍k
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tiao'iok
    • IPA (Xiamen): /tʰiau²¹⁻⁵³ iɔk̚⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /tʰiau⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ iɔk̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: thiàu-iāu
    • Tâi-lô: thiàu-iāu
    • Phofsit Daibuun: tiao'iau
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /tʰiau²¹⁻⁵³ iau²²/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: tiao³ iag⁴
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: thiàu iak
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /tʰiau²¹³⁻⁵⁵ iak̚²/

---

• Middle Chinese: dew yak

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*lˤew  lewk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*l̥ʰeːws|l'eːw  lewɢ/

Verb

跳躍

1. to jump; to prance; to leap

   • 夫馬之爲草駒之時，跳躍揚蹏，翹尾而走，人不能制。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     夫马之为草驹之时，跳跃扬蹄，翘尾而走，人不能制。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Huainanzi, 2^nd century BCE

     Fú mǎ zhī wèi cǎo jū zhī shí, tiàoyuè yáng tí, qiào wěi ér zǒu, rén bùnéng zhì. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

• 蹦跳 (bèngtiào)

Derived terms

• 跳躍器／跳跃器

 

Japanese

Kanji in this term
跳	躍
ちょう Grade: S	やく Grade: S
on'yomi

Etymology

Middle Chinese 跳躍 (deu jɨɐk̚)

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ちょーやく [chòóyákú] (Heiban – [0])^[1][2]
• IPA^(key): [t͡ɕo̞ːja̠kɯ̟]

Noun

跳(ちょう)躍(やく) • (chōyaku) ^{←てうやく (teuyaku)?}

1. a jump, a leap

Synonyms

• (jump): ジャンプ (janpu), 飛躍(ひやく) (hiyaku)

Derived terms

• 跳躍競技(ちょうやくきょうぎ) (chōyaku kyōgi)

Verb

跳(ちょう)躍(やく)する • (chōyaku suru) ^{←てうやく (teuyaku)?}intransitive suru (stem 跳(ちょう)躍(やく)し (chōyaku shi), past 跳(ちょう)躍(やく)した (chōyaku shita))

1. to jump, to leap

Conjugation

Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective")	跳躍し	ちょうやくし	chōyaku shi
Ren’yōkei ("continuative")	跳躍し	ちょうやくし	chōyaku shi
Shūshikei ("terminal")	跳躍する	ちょうやくする	chōyaku suru
Rentaikei ("attributive")	跳躍する	ちょうやくする	chōyaku suru
Kateikei ("hypothetical")	跳躍すれ	ちょうやくすれ	chōyaku sure
Meireikei ("imperative")	跳躍せよ¹ 跳躍しろ²	ちょうやくせよ¹ ちょうやくしろ²	chōyaku seyo¹ chōyaku shiro²
Key constructions
Passive	跳躍される	ちょうやくされる	chōyaku sareru
Causative	跳躍させる 跳躍さす	ちょうやくさせる ちょうやくさす	chōyaku saseru chōyaku sasu
Potential	跳躍できる	ちょうやくできる	chōyaku dekiru
Volitional	跳躍しよう	ちょうやくしよう	chōyaku shiyō
Negative	跳躍しない	ちょうやくしない	chōyaku shinai
Negative continuative	跳躍せず	ちょうやくせず	chōyaku sezu
Formal	跳躍します	ちょうやくします	chōyaku shimasu
Perfective	跳躍した	ちょうやくした	chōyaku shita
Conjunctive	跳躍して	ちょうやくして	chōyaku shite
Hypothetical conditional	跳躍すれば	ちょうやくすれば	chōyaku sureba
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative

Conjugation of "跳躍する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)

References

1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
2. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN