年歲

See also: 年岁

Chinese

		year	year; years old; (a measure word)
trad. (年歲)		年	歲
simp. (年岁)		年	岁

Pronunciation

Rime
Character	年	歲
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	泥 (8)	心 (16)
Final (韻)	先 (85)	祭 (36)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Closed
Division (等)	IV	III
Fanqie	奴顚切	相銳切
Baxter	nen	sjwejH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/nen/	/siuᴇiH/
Pan Wuyun	/nen/	/sʷiɛiH/
Shao Rongfen	/nɛn/	/siuæiH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/nɛn/	/swiajH/
Li Rong	/nen/	/siuɛiH/
Wang Li	/nien/	/sĭwɛiH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/nien/	/si̯wɛiH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	nián	suì
Expected Cantonese Reflex	nin4	seoi3

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	年	歲
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	nián	suì
Middle Chinese	‹ nen ›	‹ sjwejH ›
Old Chinese	/*C.nˁi[ŋ]/	/*s-qʷʰat-s/
English	harvest; year	year
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	年	歲	歲
Reading #	1/1	1/2	2/2
No.	9482	12165	12175
Phonetic component	秊	歲	歲
Rime group	眞	祭	月
Rime subdivision	2	1	1
Corresponding MC rime			雪
Old Chinese	/*niːŋ/	/*sqʰʷads/	/*sqʰʷad/
Notes	同秊	甲金文戉分化字， 說文戌聲非

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): niánsuì

  (Zhuyin): ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄟˋ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): nyian² sui⁴

• Cantonese (Jyutping): nin⁴ seoi³
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): nî-hòe / nî-hè / nî-hèr

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ni⁵ huê³

• Xiang (Loudi, Wiktionary): ninn² sy^4*

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: niánsuì
    • Zhuyin: ㄋㄧㄢˊ ㄙㄨㄟˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: niánsuèi
    • Wade–Giles: nien²-sui⁴
    • Yale: nyán-swèi
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: niansuey
    • Palladius: няньсуй (njanʹsuj)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni̯ɛn³⁵ su̯eɪ̯⁵¹/
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: nyian² sui⁴
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: niansui
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nʲiɛn²¹ suei²¹³/

Note: year's harvest.

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: nin⁴ seoi³
    • Yale: nìhn seui
    • Cantonese Pinyin: nin⁴ soey³
    • Guangdong Romanization: nin⁴ sêu³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /niːn²¹ sɵy̯³³/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-hòe
    • Tâi-lô: nî-huè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ni'hoex
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /nĩ¹³⁻²² hue²¹/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³⁻³³ hue²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-hè
    • Tâi-lô: nî-hè
    • Phofsit Daibuun: ni'hex
    • IPA (Taipei): /nĩ²⁴⁻¹¹ he¹¹/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² he²¹/
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî-hèr
    • Tâi-lô: nî-hèr
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /nĩ²⁴⁻²² hə⁴¹/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ni⁵ huê³
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: nî huè
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ni⁵⁵⁻¹¹ hue²¹³/
• Xiang
  • (Loudi)
    • Wiktionary: ninn² sy^4*
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /nĩ¹³ sy³⁵⁻⁵/

Note: “year's harvest”.

---

• Middle Chinese: nen sjwejH

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*C.nˤi[ŋ]  s-qʷʰat-s/

  (Zhengzhang): /*niːŋ  sqʰʷads|sqʰʷad/

Noun

年歲

1. age (of a person)

   • 辨其年歲，與其貴賤。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     辨其年岁，与其贵贱。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Rites of Zhou, circa 3^rd century BCE

     Biàn qí niánsuì, yǔ qí guìjiàn. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

2. long period of time

   • 汩余若將不及兮，恐年歲之不吾與。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     汩余若将不及兮，恐年岁之不吾与。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Verses of Chu, 4^th century BCE – 2^nd century CE

     Gǔ yú ruò jiāng bù jí xī, kǒng niánsuì zhī bù wú yǔ. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

3. age; era; period
4. year's harvest

   • 故時年歲善，則民仁且良；時年歲凶，則民吝且惡。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     故时年岁善，则民仁且良；时年岁凶，则民吝且恶。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: Mozi, c. 4^th century BCE

     Gù shí niánsuì shàn, zé mín rén qiě liáng; shí niánsuì xiōng, zé mín lìn qiě è. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

• (age of a person):

edit

• 年事 (niánshì)
• 年紀 / 年纪 (niánjì)
• 年齒 / 年齿 (niánchǐ) (literary, of a person, in years)
• 年齡 / 年龄 (niánlíng)
• 歲子 / 岁子 (Hokkien)
• 歲數 / 岁数 (suìshu)
• 歲聲 / 岁声 (Hokkien, Teochew)
• 歲頭 / 岁头 (Hokkien)
• 齒髮 / 齿发 (chǐfà) (literary, humble)

• (long period of time): (literary) 年數／年数 (niánshù)
• (period):

edit

• 世 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 世代 (shìdài) (literary)
• 光陰 / 光阴 (Dungan)
• 年代 (niándài)
• 年候兒 / 年候儿 (niánhour) (Beijing Mandarin)
• 年華 / 年华 (niánhuá)
• 時代 / 时代 (shídài)
• 時期 / 时期 (shíqī)
• 朝代 (cháodài)
• 歲月 / 岁月 (suìyuè)

• (year's harvest):

Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		年歲
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		年成, 年景
Jilu Mandarin	Jinan	年成, 年景
Central Plains Mandarin	Luoyang	年景兒, 年成兒
	Wanrong	年成, 年景
	Xining	年成
Lanyin Mandarin	Yinchuan	年成
	Ürümqi	年成
Southwestern Mandarin	Wuhan	年成
Cantonese	Guangzhou	時年
	Dongguan	年成
Gan	Nanchang	年成
	Lichuan	年景
	Pingxiang	年歲
Hakka	Meixian	年成, 年房
	Yudu	年成
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	年冬
	Pingtung (Neipu; S. Sixian)	年冬
	Hsinchu County (Zhudong; Hailu)	年冬
	Taichung (Dongshi; Dabu)	年冬
	Hsinchu County (Qionglin; Raoping)	年冬
	Yunlin (Lunbei; Zhao'an)	年冬
Huizhou	Jixi	年成
Jin	Xinzhou	年象
Eastern Min	Fuzhou	光景
Southern Min	Xiamen	年冬, 年旬
	Quanzhou	年冬
	Jinjiang	年冬
	Zhangzhou	年冬
	Tainan	年冬
	Shantou	年成
	Jieyang	年冬
	Leizhou	年冬
	Haikou	年冬
Southern Pinghua	Nanning (Tingzi)	年成
Wu	Shanghai	年成, 年勢
	Shanghai (Chongming)	年景
	Suzhou	年成
	Hangzhou	年成
	Ningbo	年成
	Jinhua	年成
Xiang	Loudi	年歲

Dialectal synonyms of 年成 (“year's harvest”) [map]

Korean

Hanja in this term
年	歲

Noun

年歲 • (yeonse) (hangeul 연세)

1. hanja form^? of 연세 (“age (honorific)”)