呻

See also: 呷

呻 U+547B, 呻 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-547B ← 呺 [U+547A] CJK Unified Ideographs 呼 → [U+547C]

Translingual

Han character

呻 (Kangxi radical 30, 口+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 口中田中 (RLWL), four-corner 6500₆, composition ⿰口申)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 183, character 13
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 3470
• Dae Jaweon: page 402, character 13
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 600, character 3
• Unihan data for U+547B

Chinese

simp. and trad.		呻
alternative forms		𣢘 㕥 𠲳 𤶴

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 呻
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han)
Small seal script

	Old Chinese
電	*l'iːns
胂	*l̥ʰin, *hlin
申	*hlin
伸	*hlin
呻	*hlin
紳	*hlin
眒	*hlin, *hlins
柛	*hlin
訷	*hlin
抻	*hlins
神	*hlin
朄	*lins

Characters in the same phonetic series (申) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character	呻
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	書 (26)
Final (韻)	眞 (43)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	失人切
Baxter	syin
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ɕiɪn/
Pan Wuyun	/ɕin/
Shao Rongfen	/ɕjen/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ɕin/
Li Rong	/ɕiĕn/
Wang Li	/ɕĭĕn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ɕi̯ĕn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	shēn
Expected Cantonese Reflex	san1

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	呻
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	shēn
Middle Chinese	‹ syin ›
Old Chinese	/*l̥i[n]/
English	chant, drone
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	呻
Reading #	1/1
No.	11237
Phonetic component	申
Rime group	眞
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	申
Old Chinese	/*hlin/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): shēn (shen¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄕㄣ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): san¹
• Puxian Min (Pouseng Ping'ing): sing¹ / ceng¹
• Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): sin / chhan

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: shēn
    • Zhuyin: ㄕㄣ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: shen
    • Wade–Giles: shên¹
    • Yale: shēn
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shen
    • Palladius: шэнь (šɛnʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʂən⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: san¹
    • Yale: sān
    • Cantonese Pinyin: san¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: sen¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐn⁵⁵/
• Puxian Min
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: sing¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: sing
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ɬiŋ⁵³³/
  • (Putian, Xianyou)
    • Pouseng Ping'ing: ceng¹
    • Báⁿ-uā-ci̍: cheng
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɛŋ⁵³³/

Note:

• sing1 - literary;
• ceng1 - vernacular.

• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: sin
    • Tâi-lô: sin
    • Phofsit Daibuun: syn
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /sin⁴⁴/
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /sin³³/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou, General Taiwanese)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chhan
    • Tâi-lô: tshan
    • Phofsit Daibuun: zhafn
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sʰan³³/
    • IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung): /t͡sʰan⁴⁴/
Note:
• sin - literary;
• chhan - vernacular.

---

• Middle Chinese: syin

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*l̥i[n]/

  (Zhengzhang): /*hlin/

Definitions

呻

1. to chant; to recite
2. to groan; to moan

Compounds

• 呻吟 (shēnyín)
• 呻呼
• 呻喚 / 呻唤
• 呻嘶
• 呻嚬 / 呻𫫾
• 呻恫
• 呻楚
• 呻畢 / 呻毕
• 呻顰 / 呻颦
• 呻鳴 / 呻鸣
• 唫呻
• 唱呻
• 嚬呻 / 𫫾呻
• 悲呻
• 無故呻吟 / 无故呻吟
• 無病呻吟 / 无病呻吟 (wúbìngshēnyín)
• 酸呻
• 頻呻 / 频呻
• 顰呻 / 颦呻

Pronunciation 2

• Cantonese (Jyutping): san³
• Southern Pinghua (Nanning, Jyutping++): san³

---

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: san³
    • Yale: san
    • Cantonese Pinyin: san³
    • Guangdong Romanization: sen³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sɐn³³/
• Southern Pinghua
  • (Nanning Pinghua, Tingzi)
    • Jyutping++: san³
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /sən⁵⁵/

Definitions

呻

1. (Cantonese, Nanning Pinghua) to complain; to express discontent

   我都係呻下啫，唔係噉都唔畀咓？ [Cantonese, trad.]
   我都系呻下啫，唔系噉都唔畀咓？ [Cantonese, simp.]

   ngo⁵ dou¹ hai⁶ san³ haa⁵ ze¹, m⁴ hai⁶ gam² dou¹ m⁴ bei² aa⁵? [Jyutping]

   I'm just complaining a little bit. Even that's not allowed now?

2. (Nanning Pinghua) to sigh (with regret); to heave a sigh; to let out a sigh

Compounds

• 呻氣 / 呻气
• 呻窮 / 呻穷
• 呻笨
• 呻飢莫呻飽 / 呻饥莫呻饱

References

• “呻”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database)‎, 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–
• 莆田市荔城区档案馆 [Putian City Licheng District Archives], editor (2022), “呻”, in 莆仙方言文读字汇 [Puxian Dialect Literary Reading Dictionary] (overall work in Mandarin and Puxian Min), page 208.

Japanese

Kanji

See also:

Category:Japanese terms spelled with 呻

呻

(Hyōgai kanji)

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Readings

• Go-on: しん (shin)
• Kan-on: しん (shin)
• Kun: うなる (unaru, 呻る)、うめく (umeku, 呻く)

Korean

Hanja

呻 • (sin) (hangeul 신, revised sin, McCune–Reischauer sin)

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Vietnamese

Han character

呻: Hán Nôm readings: thân

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