倥

倥 U+5025, 倥 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5025 ← 値 [U+5024] CJK Unified Ideographs 倦 → [U+5026]

Translingual

Han character

倥 (Kangxi radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人十金一 (OJCM), four-corner 2321₁, composition ⿰亻空)

References

• Kangxi Dictionary: page 108, character 16
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 787
• Dae Jaweon: page 231, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 1, page 184, character 5
• Unihan data for U+5025

Chinese

trad.		倥
simp. #		倥

Glyph origin

	Old Chinese
缸	*kroːŋ, *ɡroːŋ
篢	*kluːmʔ, *koːŋ
贑	*kluːmʔ
涳	*ŋr'oːŋ, *kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
江	*kroːŋ
肛	*kroːŋ, *qʰroːŋ
扛	*kroːŋ
杠	*kroːŋ
豇	*kroːŋ
茳	*kroːŋ
釭	*kroːŋ, *koːŋ, *kuːŋ
矼	*kroːŋ
玒	*kroːŋ, *koːŋ
虹	*kroːŋs, *koːŋs, *ɡoːŋ
腔	*kʰroːŋ
崆	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
羫	*kʰroːŋ
控	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
椌	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ
悾	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
跫	*kʰroːŋ, *kʰoŋ, *ɡoŋ
啌	*qʰroːŋ
谾	*qʰroːŋ, *qʰoːŋ
舡	*qʰroːŋ
缻	*ɡroːŋ
項	*ɡroːŋʔ
屸	*ɡ·roːŋ
功	*koːŋ
工	*koːŋ
疘	*koːŋ
魟	*koːŋ, *qʰoːŋ, *ɡoːŋ
攻	*koːŋ, *kuːŋ
愩	*koːŋ
碽	*koːŋ
貢	*koːŋs
羾	*koːŋs
空	*kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs
箜	*kʰoːŋ
硿	*kʰoːŋ
埪	*kʰoːŋ
鵼	*kʰoːŋ
倥	*kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋʔ, *kʰoːŋs
鞚	*kʰoːŋs
叿	*qʰoːŋ
嗊	*qʰoːŋʔ
訌	*ɡoːŋ
紅	*ɡoːŋ
仜	*ɡoːŋ
葒	*ɡoːŋ
渱	*ɡoːŋ
鴻	*ɡoːŋ, *ɡoːŋʔ
汞	*ɡoːŋʔ
澒	*ɡoːŋʔ
鞏	*koŋʔ
巩	*koŋʔ
銎	*kʰoŋ, *qʰoŋ
恐	*kʰoŋʔ, *kʰoŋs
蛩	*ɡoŋ
筇	*ɡoŋ
桏	*ɡoŋ
邛	*ɡoŋ

Characters in the same phonetic series (工) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 

Phono-semantic compound (形聲 / 形声, OC *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋʔ, *kʰoːŋs): semantic 亻 (“person”) + phonetic 空 (OC *kʰoːŋ, *kʰoːŋs).

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character	倥
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	苦紅切
Baxter	khuwng
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuŋ/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰuŋ/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuŋ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəwŋ/
Li Rong	/kʰuŋ/
Wang Li	/kʰuŋ/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰuŋ/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kōng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung1

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	倥
Reading #	1/3
No.	4042
Phonetic component	工
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	空
Old Chinese	/*kʰoːŋ/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kōng (kong¹)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄥ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hung¹

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kōng
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄥ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kong
    • Wade–Giles: kʻung¹
    • Yale: kūng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: kong
    • Palladius: кун (kun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hung¹
    • Yale: hūng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hung¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: hung¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ⁵⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: khuwng

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰoːŋ/

Definitions

倥

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Used in compounds.
2. to hang down, droop

Compounds

• 倥侗 (kōngtóng)
• 倥怱 (kōngcōng)
• 倥蒙 (kōngméng)

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character	倥	倥
Reading #	2/3	3/3
Initial (聲)	溪 (29)	溪 (29)
Final (韻)	東 (1)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	I
Fanqie	康董切	苦貢切
Baxter	khuwngX	khuwngH
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kʰuŋX/	/kʰuŋH/
Pan Wuyun	/kʰuŋX/	/kʰuŋH/
Shao Rongfen	/kʰuŋX/	/kʰuŋH/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kʰəwŋX/	/kʰəwŋH/
Li Rong	/kʰuŋX/	/kʰuŋH/
Wang Li	/kʰuŋX/	/kʰuŋH/
Bernhard Karlgren	/kʰuŋX/	/kʰuŋH/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	kǒng	kòng
Expected Cantonese Reflex	hung2	hung3

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	倥	倥
Reading #	2/3	3/3
No.	4044	4047
Phonetic component	工	工
Rime group	東	東
Rime subdivision	0	0
Corresponding MC rime	孔	控
Old Chinese	/*kʰoːŋʔ/	/*kʰoːŋs/

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): kǒng (kong³)

  (Zhuyin): ㄎㄨㄥˇ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): hung²

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: kǒng
    • Zhuyin: ㄎㄨㄥˇ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: kǒng
    • Wade–Giles: kʻung³
    • Yale: kǔng
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: koong
    • Palladius: кун (kun)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʰʊŋ²¹⁴/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)
    • Jyutping: hung²
    • Yale: húng
    • Cantonese Pinyin: hung²
    • Guangdong Romanization: hung²
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /hʊŋ³⁵/

---

• Middle Chinese: khuwngX, khuwngH

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*kʰoːŋʔ/, /*kʰoːŋs/

Definitions

倥

1. (obsolete on its own in Standard Chinese) Used in compounds.
2. to make stiff (of a face) (to make a stern face)

Compounds

• 倥傯 / 倥偬 (kǒngzǒng)
• 倥急 (kǒngjí)
• 倥臉 / 倥脸 (kǒngliǎn)

References

• 羅竹風 [Luo, Zhufeng], editor (1986–1994), “倥”, in 漢語大詞典 [Hanyu Da Cidian] (in Chinese), 1st edition, Shanghai: Shanghai Lexicographical Publishing House, →ISBN
• Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A00174

Japanese

Kanji

倥

(Hyōgai kanji)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

• Go-on: くう (kū)
• Kan-on: こう (kō)
• Kun: ぬかる (nukaru, 倥る)

Korean

Hanja

倥 • (gong) (hangeul 공, revised gong, McCune–Reischauer kong)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.