五十

Chinese

		five	ten
simp. and trad. (五十)		五	十
alternative forms		伍拾 financial
anagram		十五

Chinese cardinal numbers

<  49	50	51  >
Cardinal : 五十 (wǔshí)

Pronunciation

[Show/Hide]
edit edit 五十 午時／午时

Rime
Character	五	十
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	疑 (31)	常 (25)
Final (韻)	模 (23)	緝 (141)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	I	III
Fanqie	疑古切	是執切
Baxter	nguX	dzyip
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ŋuoX/	/d͡ʑiɪp̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ŋuoX/	/d͡ʑip̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ŋoX/	/d͡ʑjep̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ŋɔX/	/d͡ʑip̚/
Li Rong	/ŋoX/	/ʑiəp̚/
Wang Li	/ŋuX/	/ʑĭĕp̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/ŋuoX/	/ʑi̯əp̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	wǔ	shí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	ng5	sap6

• Mandarin

  (Standard)

  (Pinyin): wǔshí

  (Zhuyin): ㄨˇ ㄕˊ

  (Chengdu, Sichuanese Pinyin): wu³ si²

  (Dungan, Cyrillic and Wiktionary): вушы (vušɨ, II-I)

• Cantonese

  (Guangzhou–Hong Kong, Jyutping): ng⁵ sap⁶

  (Taishan, Wiktionary): m² sip⁵

• Hakka (Sixian, PFS): ńg-sṳ̍p
• Northern Min (KCR): ngù-sī
• Eastern Min (BUC): ngô-sĕk
• Southern Min

  (Hokkien, POJ): gǒ͘-cha̍p / gō͘-cha̍p

  (Teochew, Peng'im): ngou⁶ zab⁸

• Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): ⁶ng-zeq
• Xiang (Changsha, Wiktionary): u³ shr⁶

---

• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)
    • Hanyu Pinyin: wǔshí
    • Zhuyin: ㄨˇ ㄕˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: wǔshíh
    • Wade–Giles: wu³-shih²
    • Yale: wǔ-shŕ
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: wuushyr
    • Palladius: уши (uši)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /u²¹⁴⁻²¹ ʂʐ̩³⁵/
    • Homophones:
  • (Chengdu)
    • Sichuanese Pinyin: wu³ si²
    • Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: us
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /vu⁵³ sz̩²¹/
  • (Dungan)
    • Cyrillic and Wiktionary: вушы (vušɨ, II-I)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /vou⁵¹ ʂʐ̩²⁴/

    (Note: Dungan pronunciation is currently experimental and may be inaccurate.)

• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: ng⁵ sap⁶
    • Yale: ńgh sahp
    • Cantonese Pinyin: ng⁵ sap⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: ng⁵ seb⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋ̍¹³ sɐp̚²/
  • (Taishanese, Taicheng)
    • Wiktionary: m² sip⁵
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /m̩⁵⁵ sip̚³²/
• Hakka
  • (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Neipu)
    • Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: ńg-sṳ̍p
    • Hakka Romanization System: ng^ˋ siib
    • Hagfa Pinyim: ng³ sib⁶
    • Sinological IPA: /ŋ̍³¹ sɨp̚⁵/
• Northern Min
  • (Jian'ou)
    • Kienning Colloquial Romanized: ngù-sī
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋu⁴² si⁵⁵/
• Eastern Min
  • (Fuzhou)
    • Bàng-uâ-cê: ngô-sĕk
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋu²⁴²⁻⁵⁵ ^(s-)lɛiʔ⁵/
• Southern Min
  • (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang, Philippines, Jinjiang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gǒ͘-cha̍p
    • Tâi-lô: gǒo-tsa̍p
    • IPA (Quanzhou): /ɡɔ²² t͡sap̚²⁴/
    • IPA (Lukang): /ɡɔ³³⁻²² t͡sap̚³⁵/
    • IPA (Philippines, Jinjiang): /ɡɔ³³⁻²² t͡sap̚²⁴/
  • (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Taipei, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Hsinchu, Yilan, Sanxia, Magong, Kinmen, Taichung, Singapore, Penang)
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī: gō͘-cha̍p
    • Tâi-lô: gōo-tsa̍p
    • Phofsit Daibuun: goxzap
    • IPA (Taipei, Tainan): /ɡɔ³³⁻¹¹ t͡sap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Penang): /ɡɔ²¹ t͡sap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Xiamen): /ɡɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡sap̚⁴/
    • IPA (Singapore): /ɡɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡sap̚⁴³/
    • IPA (Zhangzhou): /ɡɔ²²⁻²¹ t͡sap̚¹²¹/
    • IPA (Kinmen): /ɡɔ²²⁻¹² t͡sap̚⁵⁴/
    • IPA (Yilan): /ɡɔ³³⁻²¹ t͡sap̚⁵/
    • IPA (Kaohsiung): /ɡɔ³³⁻²¹ t͡sap̚⁴/
  • (Teochew)
    • Peng'im: ngou⁶ zab⁸
    • Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: ngŏu tsa̍p
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ŋou³⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sap̚⁴/
• Wu
  • (Northern: Shanghai)
    • Wugniu: ⁶ng-zeq
    • MiniDict: ng^去 zeh
    • Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai): ³hhngg-zeq
    • Sinological IPA (Shanghai): /ŋ̍²² zəʔ⁴⁴/
• Xiang
  • (Changsha)
    • Wiktionary: u³ shr⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (old-style): /u⁴¹ ʂʐ̩²⁴/
    • Sinological IPA ^(key) (new-style): /u⁴¹ sz̩²⁴/

---

• Middle Chinese: nguX dzyip

Numeral

五十

1. fifty; 50

Synonyms

• (chiefly years of age) 半百 (bànbǎi)

Derived terms

• 五十一 (wǔshíyī)
• 五十七 (wǔshíqī)
• 五十三 (wǔshísān)
• 五十九 (wǔshíjiǔ)
• 五十二 (wǔshí'èr)
• 五十五 (wǔshíwǔ)
• 五十八 (wǔshíbā)
• 五十六 (wǔshíliù)
• 五十四 (wǔshísì)
• 五十步笑一百步 (wǔshí bù xiào yībǎi bù)
• 五十步笑百步 (wǔshí bù xiào bǎi bù)
• 五十肩 (wǔshíjiān)
• 五十音 (wǔshíyīn)
• 親情五十／亲情五十

 

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (五十):

• → Japanese: 五十(ごじゅう) (gojū)
• → Korean: 오십(五十) (osip)

Japanese

Japanese cardinal numbers

<  49	50	51  >
Cardinal : 五十

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
五	十
ご Grade: 1	じゅう Grade: 1
goon

/ɡoʑipu/ → /ɡoʑifu/ → /ɡoʑɨu/ → /ɡoʑuː/

From Middle Chinese compound 五十 (MC nguX dzyip).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) ごじゅう [gòjúꜜù] (Nakadaka – [2])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [ɡo̞ʑɨː]

Numeral

五(ご)十(じゅう) • (gojū) ^{←ごじふ (gozifu)?}

1. fifty, 50

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 五(ご)十(じゅう)韻(いん) (gojūin)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)腕(うで) (gojū-ude)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)円(えん)貨(か)幣(へい) (gojū-en kahei)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)円(えん)札(さつ) (gojū-en satsu)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)円(えん)玉(だま) (gojū-endama)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)音(おん) (gojūon)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)肩(かた) (gojū-kata)
• 五(ゴ)十(ジュウ)雀(カラ) (gojūkara)
• 五(ご)十(じっ)間(けん) (gojikken)
  • 五(ご)十(じっ)間(けん)茶(ぢゃ)屋(や) (gojikken jaya)
  • 五(ご)十(じっ)間(けん)道(みち) (gojikken michi)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)五(ご)刻(こく) (gojūgo-koku)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)五(ご)年(ねん)体(たい)制(せい) (Gojūgo-nen Taisei)
• 五(ご)十(じっ)算(さん) (gojissan)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)四(し)郡(ぐん) (Gojūshigun)
• 五(ご)十(じっ)銭(せん)銀(ぎん)貨(か)幣(へい) (gojissen ginkahei)
• 五(ご)十(じっ)銭(せん)札(さつ) (gojissen satsu)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)蔵(ぞう) (Gojūzō)
• 五(ご)十(じっ)挺(ちょう)立(だ)て (gojitchōdate)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)展(てん)転(てん) (Gojū Tenten)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)二(に)位(い) (Gojūni I)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)二(に)類(るい) (Gojūni Rui)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)三(さん)次(つぎ) (Gojūsan Tsugi)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)日(にち) (Gojū-nichi)
  • 五(ご)十(じゅう)日(にち)鬘(かずら) (Gojū-nichi Kazura)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)年(ねん) (gojū-nen)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)年(ねん)忌(き) (gojū nenki)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)の賀(が) (gojū no ga)
• 五(ご)十(じっ)パーセント致(ち)死(し)量(りょう) (gojippāsento chishi-ryō)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)番(ばん)歌(うた)合(あわせ) (Gojūban Uta Awase)
• 五(ご)十(じっ)歩(ぽ) (gojippo)
• L(エル)D(ディー)50(ごじゅう) (eru-dī-gojū)
• 狂(くる)う五(ご)十(じゅう)度(ど) (kuruu gojū-do)
• 丁(ちょう)五(ご)十(じゅう) (chōgojū)
• 百(ひゃく)五(ご)十(じゅう)万(まん)円(えん)の壁(かべ) (hyakugojūman-en no kabe)

Proverbs

Proverbs

• 五(ご)十(じゅう)煙草(タバコ)に百(ひゃく)酒(ざけ) (gojū tabako ni hyaku-zake)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)にして四(し)十(じゅう)九年(くねん)の非(ひ)を知(し)る (gojū ni shite shijūku-nen no hi o shiru)
• 五(ご)十(じゅう)にして天(てん)命(めい)を知(し)る (gojū ni shite tenmei o shiru)
• 明日(あす)の百(ひゃく)より今日(きょう)の五(ご)十(じゅう) (asu no hyaku yori kyō no gojū)
• 人(じん)生(せい)僅(わず)か五(ご)十(じゅう)年(ねん) (jinsei wazuka gojū-nen)
• 人(にん)間(げん)僅(わず)か五(ご)十(じゅう)年(ねん) (ningen wazuka gojū-nen)

Noun

五(ご)十(じゅう) • (gojū) ^{←ごじふ (gozifu)?}

1. a fifty-year-old

Proper noun

五(ご)十(じゅう) • (Gojū) ^{←ごじふ (Gozifu)?}

1. Short for 五十蔵 (Gojūzō): This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
五	十
い Grade: 1	そ Grade: 1
kun'yomi

⟨i so₁⟩ → */isʷo/ → /iso/

Compound of Old Japanese elements 五(い) (i, “five”, combining form) + 十(そ) (so, “ten”).

Numeral

五(い)十(そ) • (iso) 

1. fifty, 50
   • 10th century, Kokin Waka Rokujō (book 1, volume 2, poem 725)

     岩(いは)の上(うへ)の松(まつ)の梢(こすゑ)に降(ふ)る雪(ゆき)はいそかへり降(ふ)れ後(のち)までも見(み)む

     iwa no ue ni matsu no kozue ni furu yuku wa isokaeri fure nochi made mo min

     (please add an English translation of this example)

Derived terms

• 五十路(いそじ) (isoji)
• 五十足(いそた)る (isotaru)

Noun

五(い)十(そ) • (iso) 

1. (by extension) a large quantity

Derived terms

• 五十(いそ)返(かえ)り (isokaeri)

Proper noun

五(い)十(そ) • (Iso) 

1. a surname

Etymology 3

Kanji in this term
五	十
いそじ
Grade: 1	Grade: 1
jukujikun

Compound of 五十(いそ) (iso, “fifty”, see above) + 路(ち) (-chi, "road" → counter for length of time). The chi changes to ji (historical di) as an instance of rendaku (連濁).

Pronunciation

• (Tokyo) いそじ [ìsójí] (Heiban – [0])^[1]
• (Tokyo) いそじ [ìsóꜜjì] (Nakadaka – [2])^[1]
• IPA^(key): [iso̞ʑi]

Numeral

五十(いそじ) • (isoji) ^{←いそぢ (isodi)?}

1. Alternative spelling of 五十路 (isoji): fifty, 50

Noun

五十(いそじ) • (isoji) ^{←いそぢ (isodi)?}

1. Alternative spelling of 五十路 (isoji): a fifty-year-old; the fiftieth year

Etymology 4

Kanji in this term
五	十
い
Grade: 1	Grade: 1
jukujikun

Shift from iso (see above), used in many compounds.

Already attested in Old Japanese as 借訓 (shakkun) kana for ⟨i⟩.

Numeral

五十(い) • (i) 

1. Combining form of いそ (iso) above: fifty, 50

Derived terms

Derived terms

• 五十(い)日(か) (ika)
• 五十(い)串(ぐし) (igushi)
• 活(いく)目(め)入(いり)彦(びこ)五十(い)狭(さ)茅(ちの)尊(みこと) (Ikumeiribikoisachi no Mikoto)
• 五十(い)狭(さ)狭(さの)小(お)汀(はま) (Isasa no Ohama)
• 五十(い)狭(さ)芹(ぜり)彦(ひこの)命(みこと) (Isazerihiko no Mikoto)
• 五十(い)集(さば) (isaba)
• 五十(い)鈴(すず) (Isuzu)
• 五十(い)嵐(がらし) (Igarashi)
• 五十(い)里(かり) (Ikari)
• 五十(い)猛(たけるの)命(みこと) (Itakeru no Mikoto)

Noun

五十(い) • (i) 

1. (by extension) Combining form of いそ (iso) above: a large quantity

Derived terms

• 五十(い)瀬(せ) (ise)

References

1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Anagrams

• 十(じゅう)五(ご) (jūgo, “fifteen”)

Korean

Hanja in this term
五	十

Numeral

五十 • (osip) (hangeul 오십)

1. hanja form^? of 오십 (“fifty”)