գինձ

Armenian

Alternative forms

dialectal forms recorded in dialectological notation

• գՙինձ (gʻinj) — Alashkert, Kharberd, Mush
• գ^յինձ (g^yinj) — Agulis
• կինձ (kinj) — Karabakh
• կ^յինձ (k^yinj) — Salmas, Van
• քինձ (kʻinj) — Diyarbakır
• գՙէ^յնձ (gʻē^ynj) — Vozm
• քինձ (kʻinj) — Tbilisi, a borrowing from the Georgian cognate

Etymology

From Old Armenian գինձ (ginj). Doublet of քինձ (kʻinj) and քիշնիշ (kʻišniš).

Pronunciation

• (Eastern Armenian) IPA^(key): /ɡind͡z/, [ɡind͡z]
• (Western Armenian) IPA^(key): /kint͡s/, [kʰint͡sʰ]

• Audio (Eastern Armenian):

  (file)

Noun

գինձ • (ginj)

1. coriander (the plant and the seeds)

   Synonyms: համեմ (hamem), (dialectal) քիշնիշ (kʻišniš)

Declension

i-type, inanimate (Eastern Armenian)

	singular	plural
nominative	գինձ (ginj)	գինձեր (ginjer)
dative	գինձի (ginji)	գինձերի (ginjeri)
ablative	գինձից (ginjicʻ)	գինձերից (ginjericʻ)
instrumental	գինձով (ginjov)	գինձերով (ginjerov)
locative	գինձում (ginjum)	գինձերում (ginjerum)
	definite forms
nominative	գինձը/գինձն (ginjə/ginjn)	գինձերը/գինձերն (ginjerə/ginjern)
dative	գինձին (ginjin)	գինձերին (ginjerin)
	1st person possessive forms (my)
nominative	գինձս (ginjs)	գինձերս (ginjers)
dative	գինձիս (ginjis)	գինձերիս (ginjeris)
ablative	գինձիցս (ginjicʻs)	գինձերիցս (ginjericʻs)
instrumental	գինձովս (ginjovs)	գինձերովս (ginjerovs)
locative	գինձումս (ginjums)	գինձերումս (ginjerums)
	2nd person possessive forms (your)
nominative	գինձդ (ginjd)	գինձերդ (ginjerd)
dative	գինձիդ (ginjid)	գինձերիդ (ginjerid)
ablative	գինձիցդ (ginjicʻd)	գինձերիցդ (ginjericʻd)
instrumental	գինձովդ (ginjovd)	գինձերովդ (ginjerovd)
locative	գինձումդ (ginjumd)	գինձերումդ (ginjerumd)

Descendants

• → Northern Kurdish: gînz

Further reading

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “գինձ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 559b

Old Armenian

Etymology

From Middle Iranian *ginz (“coriander”). See Persian گشنیز (gešniz) for more.

Noun

գինձ • (ginj)

1. coriander (the plant and the seeds)
   • 5th century, Bible, Exodus 16.14:^[1]

     եւ ահա ի վերայ երեսաց անապատին մանր իբրեւ զգինձ (var. զգինծ), սպիտակ իբրեւ զեղեամն ի վերայ երկրին

     ew aha i veray eresacʻ anapatin manr ibrew zginj (var. zginc), spitak ibrew zełeamn i veray erkrin

     behold, on the face of the wilderness was a small thing like white coriander seed, as frost upon the earth

   • 5th century, Bible, Exodus 16.31:^[2]

     Եւ անուանեցին որդիքն Իսրայելի զանուն նորա Ման։ եւ նա էր իբրեւ զսերմն գնձոյ (var. գնծոյ)՝ սպիտակ, եւ համ նորա իբրեւ զխորիսխ մեղու։

     Ew anuanecʻin ordikʻn Israyeli zanun nora Man. ew na ēr ibrew zsermn gnjoy (var. gncoy), spitak, ew ham nora ibrew zxorisx mełu.

     And the children of Israel called the name of it Man; and it was as white coriander seed, and the taste of it as a wafer with honey.

   • 5th century, Bible, Numbers 11.7:^[3]

     Եւ մանանայն էր իբրեւ զսերմն գնձոյ (var. գնծոյ, գընծոյ, գնծո, գընձոյ) սպիտակ, եւ տեսիլ նորա իբրեւ զտեսիլ սառին։

     Ew mananayn ēr ibrew zsermn gnjoy (var. gncoy, gəncoy, gnco, gənjoy) spitak, ew tesil nora ibrew ztesil saṙin.

     And the manna is as coriander seed, and the appearance of it the appearance of hoar-frost.

Declension

	singular		plural
nominative	գինձ (ginj)		գինձք (ginjkʻ)
genitive	գնձոյ (gnjoy)		գնձոց (gnjocʻ)
dative	գնձոյ (gnjoy)		գնձոց (gnjocʻ)
accusative	գինձ (ginj)		գինձս (ginjs)
ablative	գնձոյ (gnjoy)		գնձոց (gnjocʻ)
instrumental	գնձով (gnjov)		գնձովք (gnjovkʻ)
locative	գինձ (ginj)		գինձս (ginjs)

o-type

Derived terms

• գնձահատ (gnjahat)
• գնձաջուր (gnjaǰur)

Descendants

• Middle Armenian: գինծ (ginc)
• Armenian: գինձ (ginj), գՙինձ (gʻinj) — Alashkert, Kharberd, Mush, գ^յինձ (g^yinj) — Agulis, կինձ (kinj) — Karabakh, կ^յինձ (k^yinj) — Salmas, Van, քինձ (kʻinj) — Diyarbakır, գՙէ^յնձ (gʻē^ynj) — Vozm, քինձ (kʻinj) — Tbilisi, a borrowing from the Georgian cognate
  • → Northern Kurdish: gînz

References

1. Zeytʻunyan A. S., editor (1992), Girkʻ elicʻ [Book of Exodus]‎, Yerevan: Academy Press, critical text, page 109
2. Zeytʻunyan A. S., editor (1992), Girkʻ elicʻ [Book of Exodus]‎, Yerevan: Academy Press, critical text, page 111
3. Zēytʻunean A. S., editor (1998), Girkʻ Tʻuocʻ [Book of Numbers] (Hay hnagoyn tʻargmanakan yušarjanner), Antelias: Holy See of Cilicia, critical text, pages 104–105

Further reading

• Ačaṙean, Hračʻeay (1971) “գինձ”, in Hayerēn armatakan baṙaran [Armenian Etymological Dictionary] (in Armenian), 2nd edition, a reprint of the original 1926–1935 seven-volume edition, volume I, Yerevan: University Press, page 559b
• Asatrian, Garnik (2009) “Prolegomena to the Study of the Kurds”, in Iran and the Caucasus, volume 13, number 1, Leiden: Brill, →DOI, →ISSN, page 41
• Awetikʻean, G., Siwrmēlean, X., Awgerean, M. (1836) “գինձ”, in Nor baṙgirkʻ haykazean lezui [New Dictionary of the Armenian Language] (in Old Armenian), volume I, Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 553b
• Bailey, H. W. (1963) “Arya IV¹”, in Bulletin of the School of Oriental and African Studies, volume 26, number 1, University of London, →DOI, page 71
• Dankoff, Robert (1995) Armenian Loanwords in Turkish (Turcologica; 21), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, page 36
• J̌ahukyan, Geworg (1987) Hayocʻ lezvi patmutʻyun; naxagrayin žamanakašrǰan [History of the Armenian language: The Pre-Literary Period]‎ (in Armenian), Yerevan: Academy Press, page 156
• Henning, W. B. (1963) “Coriander”, in Asia Major, New Series‎, volume X/2, pages 195–199
• Lagarde, Paul de (1866) Gesammelte Abhandlungen (in German), Leipzig: F. A. Brockhaus, page 57
• Petrosean, Matatʻeay (1879) “գինձ”, in Nor Baṙagirkʻ Hay-Angliarēn [New Dictionary Armenian–English], Venice: S. Lazarus Armenian Academy, page 119b