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шар

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sar"

Bulgarian

Etymology

From Old Church Slavonic шаръ (šarŭ), probably of Oghur origin, related to the adjective Proto-Turkic *siarïg (“bright, yellow”). Akin to the first element in the name of the Šaraghur tribe.

Pronunciation

Noun

шар • (šar) m

  1. (obsolete, dialectal) spot, shade, tinge
  2. (archaic) hue
    Synonyms: боя (boja), багра (bagra)
  3. (abstract) pattern, texture

Usage notes

In the standard language, the diminutive form шарка (šarka) is more often used.

Declension

More information singular, plural ...
Declension of шар
singular plural
indefinite шар
šar		 ша́рове
šárove
definite
(subject form)		 ша́рът
šárǎt		 ша́ровете
šárovete
definite
(object form)		 ша́ра
šára
count form — ша́ра
šára
Close

Derived terms

References

  • “шар”, in Речник на българския език [Dictionary of the Bulgarian Language] (in Bulgarian), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 2014
  • шаръ in Исторически речник на българския език, Sofia University "St. Clement Ohridsky"

Kalmyk

Etymology

From Proto-Mongolic *sïra, compare Buryat шара (šara).

Pronunciation

Adjective

шар • (şar) (Clear script spelling ᠱᠠᠷᠠ (šara))

  1. yellow

Kazakh

More information Arabic, Cyrillic ...
Alternative scripts
Arabic شار
Cyrillic шар
Latin şar
Yañalif car
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Etymology 1

From Proto-Turkic *čar (“whetstone, sickle, to whet”).

Cognate with Bashkir сар (sar), Karakalpak shar, Nogai шар (şar), Kumyk чар (çar, “whetstone, spool”), Southern Altai чар (čar, “whetstone”), Tatar чар (çar, “whetstone, mill stone”), Shor шар (šar), etc.

Noun

шар • (şar)

  1. whetstone

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Russian шар (šar, “ball”).

Noun

шар • (şar)

  1. (geometry) ball
Declension
More information singular, plural ...
Declension of шар
singular plural
nominative шар (şar) шарлар (şarlar)
genitive шардың (şardyñ) шарлардың (şarlardyñ)
dative шарға (şarğa) шарларға (şarlarğa)
accusative шарды (şardy) шарларды (şarlardy)
locative шарда (şarda) шарларда (şarlarda)
ablative шардан (şardan) шарлардан (şarlardan)
instrumental шармен (şarmen) шарлармен (şarlarmen)
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Macedonian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *šarъ. Doublet of шара (šara, “pattern, design”).

Pronunciation

Noun

шар • (šar) m (plural шари)

  1. colorfulness
  2. (rare) color

Mongolian

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

  1. From Proto-Mongolic *sïra, compare Buryat шара (šara), Dongxiang shira.
  2. Akin to Proto-Turkic *siarïg (“yellow, white”), compare Turkish sarı (“yellow”), Chuvash шурӑ (šură, “white”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
  3. Doublet of шарга (šarga, “tawny”).

Adjective

шар • (šar)

  1. yellow
  2. heartburn
Derived terms
See also
Colors in Mongolian · өнгө (öngö) (layout · text)
     цагаан (cagaan)      саарал (saaral)      хар (xar)
             улаан (ulaan); хүрэн улаан (xüren ulaan)              улбар шар (ulbar šar); бор (bor), хүрэн (xüren)              шар (šar); хул (xul),
цайвар шар (cajvar šar)
             цайвар ногоон (cajvar nogoon)              ногоон (nogoon)             
             цэнхэр (cenxer); номин ногоон (nomin nogoon)              номин (nomin)              хөх (xöx)
             нил (nil); индиго (indigo)              улаан ягаан (ulaan jagaan); час улаан (čas ulaan)              ягаан (jagaan)

Etymology 2

Noun

шар • (šar)

  1. ox
See also

Russian

Russian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia ru

Alternative forms

Etymology

Unclear. Perhaps related (although Vasmer found it unconvincing) to Old Church Slavonic шаръ (šarŭ, “color, paint”), Old Church Slavonic шарити (šariti, “to paint”), Old Church Slavonic шаръчи (šarŭči, “painter”), which probably derive from an early Turkic borrowing into Slavic; cf. Proto-Turkic *siarïg (“yellow, white”). In that case, the sense development might have been “color, paint” → “spot” → “round object”.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): [ʂar]
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ar

Noun

шар • (šar) m inan (genitive ша́ра, nominative plural шары́, genitive plural шаро́в, relational adjective шарово́й, diminutive ша́рик)

  1. ball, solid sphere
  2. (mathematics) ball (the set of points lying within a given distance from a given point)
  3. balloon

Usage notes

  • After the numbers 2, 3 and 4, and related higher numbers, the stress in the genitive singular falls on the final syllable: два́дцать два́ шара́ (dvádcatʹ dvá šará, “twenty-two balls/balloons”). In the mathematical sense, however, ша́ра is used even when counting: три ша́ра (tri šára, “three (mathematical) balls”).

Declension

More information singular, plural ...
singular plural
nominative ша́р
šár		 шары́
šarý
genitive ша́ра
šára		 шаро́в
šaróv
dative ша́ру
šáru		 шара́м
šarám
accusative ша́р
šár		 шары́
šarý
instrumental ша́ром
šárom		 шара́ми
šarámi
prepositional ша́ре
šáre		 шара́х
šaráx
locative шару́
šarú
paucal шара́†*
šará†*
Close
Declension of шар (inan masc-form hard-stem accent-c) 

* Used with the numbers 1.5, 2, 3, 4 and higher numbers after 20 ending in 2, 3, and 4.
† Not in the mathematical sense.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • → Ingrian: šaara
  • → Kazakh: шар (şar)
  • → Yakut: шар (shar)

Further reading

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “шар”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Borrowed from Russian шар (šar).

Pronunciation

Noun

ша̑р m (Latin spelling šȃr)

  1. Earth, globe (spherical model of Earth)
  2. firmament, welkin
  3. natural beauty

Tabasaran

Noun

шар • (šar)

  1. water

Synonyms

References

  • Talibov, B. B. (1980) Сравнительная фонетика лезгинских языков [Comparative phonetics of Lezghian languages]‎ (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 172

Ukrainian

Yakut

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