τηρός

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Apparently from Proto-Indo-European *kʷeh₁y- (“to perceive”), and compared with Sanskrit चायति (cāyati, “to observe, perceive”) and Proto-Slavic *čajati (“to wait, expect”). However, this is phonetically unsatisfactory, as the Greek term shows no trace of the root-final *-i-.^[1]

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /tɛː.rós/ → /tiˈros/ → /tiˈros/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /tɛː.rós/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /te̝ˈros/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /tiˈros/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /tiˈros/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /tiˈros/

Noun

τηρός • (tērós) m (genitive τηροῦ); second declension

1. warden, guard

   Synonyms: σκοπός (skopós), φρουρός (phrourós), φύλαξ (phúlax)

Inflection

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ὁ τηρός ho tērós	τὼ τηρώ tṑ tērṓ	οἱ τηροί hoi tēroí
Genitive	τοῦ τηροῦ toû tēroû	τοῖν τηροῖν toîn tēroîn	τῶν τηρῶν tôn tērôn
Dative	τῷ τηρῷ tôi tērôi	τοῖν τηροῖν toîn tēroîn	τοῖς τηροῖς toîs tēroîs
Accusative	τὸν τηρόν tòn tērón	τὼ τηρώ tṑ tērṓ	τοὺς τηρούς toùs tēroús
Vocative	τηρέ tēré	τηρώ tērṓ	τηροί tēroí
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Second declension of ὁ τηρός; τοῦ τηροῦ (Attic)

Derived terms

• τηρέω (tēréō)
• τήρημα (tḗrēma)
• τήρησις (tḗrēsis)
• τηρητήριον (tērētḗrion)
• τηρητής (tērētḗs)
• τηρητικός (tērētikós)
• τήρητρα (tḗrētra)
• τηρήτρια (tērḗtria)

 

References

1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “τηρέω (> DER > 8. τηρός)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1480

Further reading

• “τηρός”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• τηρός in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette