List of off-season South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclones
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An off-season South-West Indian Ocean tropical cyclone is a tropical cyclone that exists in the South-West Indian Ocean basin outside of the official tropical cyclone season. The World Meteorological Organization currently defines the season as occurring between November 15 and April 30, of the following year, with the exception for Mauritius and the Seychelles, for which it lasts through May 15 rather than April 30. As of 2024, there have been at least 113 tropical cyclones known to have occurred off-season. Cumulatively, at least 165 deaths occurred due to the storms, and the most recent off-season storm was Cyclone Bheki in November 2024.
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Systems
Summarize
Perspective
The wind speeds listed are maximum ten-minute average sustained winds, while the pressure is the minimum barometric pressure, both of which are estimates taken from the archives of either Météo-France, the Australian Bureau of Meteorology, the Fiji Meteorological Service, and New Zealand's MetService. If there are no known estimates of either the winds or pressure then the system is listed as "Not specified" under winds or pressure, if there is no known estimated winds or pressure. For deaths and damages "None" indicates that there were no reports of fatalities, although such storms may have impacted land. The damage totals are the United States dollar of the year of the storm.
Pre–1960s
| Name | Dates | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Unnamed | November 1 – 7, 1851 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [1] |
| Unnamed | October 31 – November 5, 1854 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [2] |
| Unnamed | May 11 – 17, 1855 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [3] |
| Unnamed | October 31 – November 3, 1858 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [4] |
| Unnamed | May 31 – June 3, 1859 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [5] |
| Unnamed | June 11 – 15, 1859 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [6] |
| Unnamed | May 1 – 7, 1860 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [7] |
| Unnamed | November 11 – 15, 1861 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [8] |
| Unnamed | October 11 – 14, 1862 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [9] |
| Unnamed | November 11 – 16, 1862 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [10] |
| Unnamed | May 21 – 30, 1863 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [11] |
| Unnamed | October 31 – November 3, 1863 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [12] |
| Unnamed | November 1 – 5, 1866 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [13] |
| Unnamed | May 1 – 7, 1867 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [14] |
| Unnamed | November 11 – 17, 1868 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [15] |
| Unnamed | November 1 – 8, 1869 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [16] |
| Unnamed | May 1 – 5, 1872 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [17] |
| Unnamed | October 1 – 6, 1872 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [18] |
| Unnamed | October 31 – November 4, 1872 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [19] |
| Unnamed | May 11 – 17, 1877 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [20] |
| Unnamed | November 9 – 14, 1884 | Tropical storm | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [21] |
| Unnamed | May 11 – 18, 1885 | Not specified | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [22] |
| Unnamed | November 9 – 12, 1899 | Tropical storm | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [23] |
| Unnamed | November 9 – 13, 1902 | Tropical storm | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [24] |
| Unnamed | May 9 – 10, 1907 | Tropical storm | Not specified | Not specified | None | None | None | [25] |
| Unnamed | May 9 – 15, 1912 | Tropical depression | 45 km/h (30 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [26] |
| Unnamed | May 23 – 29, 1916 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | Not Specified | Mauritius | None | None | [27] |
| Unnamed | November 9 – 12, 1921 | Tropical depression | 45 km/h (30 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [28] |
| Unnamed | November 9 – 14, 1927 | Tropical depression | 45 km/h (30 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [29] |
| Unnamed | May 7 – 12, 1929 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | Not Specified | Mauritius | None | None | [30] |
| Unnamed | September 9 – 13, 1929 | Tropical depression | 45 km/h (30 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [31] |
| Unnamed | October 31 – November 5, 1934 | Tropical depression | 45 km/h (30 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [32] |
| Unnamed | November 9 – 14, 1934 | Tropical depression | 45 km/h (30 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [33] |
| Unnamed | November 14 – 19, 1934 | Tropical depression | 45 km/h (30 mph) | Not Specified | Madagascar | None | None | [34] |
| Unnamed | May 9 – 17, 1940 | Tropical depression | 45 km/h (30 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [35] |
| Unnamed | September 15 – 26, 1944 | Tropical depression | 45 km/h (30 mph) | Not Specified | Mauritius | None | None | [36] |
| Unnamed | October 22 – 31, 1944 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [37] |
| Unnamed | June 2 – 6, 1949 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | Not Specified | Mauritius | None | None | [38] |
| Unnamed | October 15 – 21, 1950 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [39] |
| Unnamed | May 10 – 28, 1952 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | Not Specified | Madagascar | None | None | [40] |
| Unnamed | July 20 – 29, 1954 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [41] |
| Unnamed | October 11 – 23, 1954 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [42] |
| Unnamed | November 4 – 8, 1954 | Tropical depression | 45 km/h (30 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [43] |
| Unnamed | October 29 – November 4, 1959 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | Not Specified | Madagascar | None | None | [44] |
1960s
| Name | Dates | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Anna | November 11 – 14, 1960 | Tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [45] |
| Amy | October 6 – 16, 1962 | Moderate tropical storm | 75 km/h (45 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [46] |
| Jose | April 29 – May 3, 1964 | Moderate tropical storm | 75 km/h (45 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [47] |
| Karen | May 2 – 10, 1964 | Moderate tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [48] |
| Rose | April 27 – May 6, 1965 | Moderate tropical storm | 75 km/h (45 mph) | Not Specified | Réunion | None | None | [49] |
| Anne | August 15 – 15, 1965 | Tropical disturbance | 35 km/h (25 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [50] |
| Brenda | August 16 – 18, 1965 | Tropical disturbance | 45 km/h (30 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [51] |
| Lily | April 22 – May 1, 1966 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [52] |
| Angela | September 28 – October 6, 1966 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [53] |
| Kathy | May 12 – 21, 1967 | Tropical disturbance | 45 km/h (30 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [54] |
| Anita | October 30 – November 2, 1967 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [55] |
| Annie | October 28 – November 4, 1968 | Severe tropical storm | 100 km/h (65 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [56] |
| Aline | August 19 – 22, 1969 | Severe tropical storm | 100 km/h (65 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [57] |
| Blanche | October 7 – 15, 1969 | Tropical cyclone | 130 km/h (80 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [58] |
| Corrine | November 11 – 21, 1969 | Moderate tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | Not Specified | Comoros, Mozambique | Unknown | 26 | [59] |
1970s
| Name | Dates | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Andree | September 16 – 19, 1970 | Tropical disturbance | 45 km/h (30 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [60] |
| Betsy | October 1 – 9, 1970 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [61] |
| Andrea–Claudine | October 31 – November 13, 1970 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 970 hPa (28.64 inHg) | None | None | None | [62] |
| Odette | July 9 – 16, 1971 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [63] |
| Marcelle | May 1 – 3, 1973 | Tropical cyclone | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 972 hPa (28.70 inHg) | Australia | Unknown | None | [64] |
| Alice | September 14 – 24, 1973 | Moderate tropical storm | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) | None | None | None | [65] |
| Bernadette | October 16 – 28, 1973 | Tropical cyclone | 150 km/h (90 mph) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | Madagascar | Unknown | None | [66] |
| Agathe | October 3 – 14, 1976 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | None | None | None | [67] |
1980s
| Name | Dates | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Bessi–Armelle | November 1 – 20, 1981 | Severe tropical storm | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 976 hPa (28.82 inHg) | None | None | None | [68] |
| Unnamed | July 4 – 6, 1982 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [69] |
| Arilisy | October 27 – 30, 1982 | Tropical depression | 45 km/h (30 mph) | 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) | None | None | None | [70] |
| Fely | June 22 – 24, 1983 | Tropical depression | 35 km/h (25 mph) | 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) | None | None | None | [71] |
| Unnamed | November 9 – 17, 1984 | Moderate tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | None | None | None | [72] |
| Unnamed | September 22 – 29, 1985 | Moderate tropical storm | 75 km/h (45 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [73] |
| Billy–Lila | May 9 – 10, 1986 | Tropical cyclone | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | None | None | None | [74] |
| Unnamed | October 31 – November 9, 1987 | Severe tropical storm | 100 km/h (65 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [75] |
| Iarisena | May 6 – 14, 1988 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) | None | None | None | [76] |
| Adelinina | November 1 – 8, 1988 | Moderate tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) | None | None | None | [77] |
| Barisaona | November 12 – 23, 1988 | Tropical cyclone | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 954 hPa (28.17 inHg) | None | None | None | [78] |
| Unnamed | September 21 – 27, 1989 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [79] |
1990s
| Name | Dates | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Ikonjo | May 11 – 21, 1990 | Severe tropical storm | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 976 hPa (28.82 inHg) | Seychelles | 1.5 million | None | [80] |
| 01S | September 19 – 25, 1990 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | Not Specified | None | None | None | [81] |
| Gritelle | June 5 – 16, 1991 | Moderate tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 984 hPa (29.06 inHg) | None | None | None | [82] |
| Aviona | September 27 – October 5, 1992 | Moderate tropical storm | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | None | None | None | [83] |
| Babie | October 18 – 21, 1992 | Moderate tropical storm | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 991 hPa (29.26 inHg) | None | None | None | [84] |
| Konita | May 2 – 7, 1993 | Tropical cyclone | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 955 hPa (28.20 inHg) | None | None | None | [85] |
| Antoinette | October 17 – 21, 1996 | Severe tropical cyclone | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | None | None | None | [86] |
| Melanie–Bellamine | November 1 – 11, 1996 | Intense tropical cyclone | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 925 hPa (27.32 inHg) | None | None | None | [87] |
2000s
| Name | Dates | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| 12S | June 20 – 24, 2001 | Subtropical depression | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | None | None | None | [88] |
| Alex–Andre | October 28 – November 8, 2001 | Severe tropical storm | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 985 hPa (29.09 inHg) | None | None | None | [89] |
| Kesiny | May 2 – 11, 2002 | Tropical cyclone | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | Madagascar | Unknown | 33 | [90] |
| 01S | September 5 – 8, 2002 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 1,003 hPa (29.62 inHg) | Seychelles | 50,000 | None | [91] |
| Atang | November 4 – 13, 2002 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | 997 hPa (29.44 inHg) | Madagascar, Mozambique, Tanzania | Unknown | Several | [92] |
| Boura | November 14 – 27, 2002 | Tropical cyclone | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 965 hPa (28.50 inHg) | Mauritius, Réunion | Unknown | None | [93] |
| Manou | May 2 – 10, 2003 | Tropical cyclone | 155 km/h (100 mph) | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | Mauritius, Madagascar | Unknown | 89 | [94] |
| Abaimba | September 28 – October 4, 2003 | Moderate tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | None | None | None | [95] |
| Beni | November 9 – 25, 2003 | Intense tropical cyclone | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 935 hPa (27.61 inHg) | Réunion | Unknown | None | [96] |
| Juba | May 5 – 17, 2004 | Severe tropical storm | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 980 hPa (28.94 inHg) | None | None | None | [97] |
| Arola | November 6 – 18, 2004 | Severe tropical storm | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 978 hPa (28.88 inHg) | None | None | None | [98] |
| Asma | October 15 – 24, 2008 | Moderate tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 988 hPa (29.18 inHg) | Madagascar | Unknown | 1 | [99] |
| Anja | November 13 – 18, 2009 | Intense tropical cyclone | 165 km/h (105 mph) | 950 hPa (28.05 inHg) | None | None | None | [100] |
2010s
| Name | Dates | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Joël | May 26 – 29, 2010 | Subtropical depression | 110 km/h (70 mph) | 990 hPa (29.23 inHg) | Mozambique, Madagascar | Unknown | None | [101] |
| Kuena | June 3 – 8, 2012 | Moderate tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | None | None | None | [102] |
| Anais | October 12 – 19, 2012 | Intense tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 945 hPa (27.91 inHg) | None | None | None | [103] |
| Abela | July 15 – 19, 2016 | Severe tropical storm | 95 km/h (60 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | Madagascar | None | None | [104] |
| Bransby | October 3 – 6, 2016 | Subtropical depression | 100 km/h (65 mph) | 987 hPa (29.15 inHg) | None | None | None | [105] |
| 01S | September 14 – 17, 2018 | Moderate tropical storm | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 995 hPa (29.38 inHg) | None | None | None | [106] |
| Alcide | November 5 – 11, 2018 | Intense tropical cyclone | 185 km/h (115 mph) | 960 hPa (28.35 inHg) | None | None | None | [107] |
2020s
| Name | Dates | Peak intensity | Areas affected | Damage (USD) |
Deaths | Refs | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Category | Wind speed | Pressure | ||||||
| Alicia | November 12 – 17, 2020 | Tropical cyclone | 130 km/h (80 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | None | None | None | [108] |
| Karim | May 5 – 7, 2022 | Moderate tropical storm | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 994 hPa (29.35 inHg) | None | None | None | [109] |
| Ashley | September 23 – 28, 2022 | Moderate tropical storm | 75 km/h (45 mph) | 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Balita | October 3 – 9, 2022 | Moderate tropical storm | 65 km/h (40 mph) | 996 hPa (29.41 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Fabien | May 12 – 21, 2023 | Intense tropical cyclone | 175 km/h (110 mph) | 958 hPa (28.29 inHg) | Diego Garcia | None | 16 | |
| Hidaya | April 30 – May 4, 2024 | Tropical cyclone | 140 km/h (85 mph) | 975 hPa (28.79 inHg) | Seychelles, Comoro Islands, Tanzania | None | 1 | |
| Ialy | May 16 – 22, 2024 | Tropical cyclone | 120 km/h (75 mph) | 983 hPa (29.03 inHg) | Seychelles, Madagascar, Tanzania, Kenya, Somalia | None | None | |
| 01 | August 15 – 17, 2024 | Tropical depression | 55 km/h (35 mph) | 1,000 hPa (29.53 inHg) | Chagos Archipelago | None | None | |
| Ancha | September 30 – October 5, 2024 | Moderate tropical storm | 85 km/h (50 mph) | 992 hPa (29.29 inHg) | None | None | None | |
| Bheki | November 12 – 23, 2024 | Intense tropical cyclone | 195 km/h (120 mph) | 943 hPa (27.85 inHg) | None | None | None | |
See also
References
External links
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