List of countries by external debt

For net international debt by country (external debt owing to other countries minus external debt of other countries held), see Net international investment position. For government debts by country, see List of countries by government debt.

This is a list of countries by external debt: it is the total public and private debt owed to nonresidents repayable in internationally accepted currencies, goods or services, where the public debt is the money or credit owed by any level of government, from central to local, and the private debt the money or credit owed by private households or private corporations based on the country under consideration.

For information purposes, several non-sovereign entities are also included in this list.

Note that while a country may have a relatively large external debt (either in absolute or per capita terms) it could actually be a "net international creditor" if its external debt is less than the total of external debt of other countries held by it.

List of countries by debt

Location	External debt (USD)				Date
	Per capita	Total	% of GDP	% of total wealth[1]
United States	75,852	25.8 trillion	88.45	18.44	Sep 2024[2][3]
European Union	41,410	18.6 trillion	95.87	24.50	Sep 2024[2]
United Kingdom	152,271	10.5 trillion	293.48	65.91	Sep 2024[2]
France	119,450	8.19 trillion	249.57	51.25	Sep 2024[2]
Germany	85,266	7.12 trillion	144.60	40.84	Sep 2024[2]
Japan	37,502	4.63 trillion	105.59	20.52	Sep 2024[4]
Netherlands	243,753	4.4 trillion	345.55	90.34	Sep 2024[2]
Luxembourg	5.85 million	3.93 trillion	4,052	1314.28	Sep 2024[5]
Ireland	614,404	3.31 trillion	562.93	362.07	Sep 2024[2]
Canada	76,474	3.17 trillion	136.08	28.15	Sep 2024[2]
Italy	49,635	2.93 trillion	118.99	26.56	Sep 2024[2]
Spain	58,392	2.87 trillion	156.81	33.77	Sep 2024[2]
China	1,787	2.52 trillion	12.88	2.98	Sep 2024[2]
Switzerland	257,429	2.32 trillion	232.50	48.13	Sep 2024[2]
Singapore	356,645	2.15 trillion	383.29	112.96	Sep 2024[2]
Australia	71,698	1.95 trillion	103.69	20.07	Sep 2024[2]
Hong Kong	255,645	1.93 trillion	456.21	55.12	Sep 2024[2]
Belgium	139,901	1.65 trillion	239.72	51.72	Sep 2024[2]
Brazil	7,056	1.49 trillion	63.91	32.19	April 2023[6]
Sweden	105,643	1.12 trillion	175.10	47.90	Sep 2024[2]
Mexico	6,784	880 billion	43.64	18.10	July 2023[6]
Austria	82,174	756 billion	135.16	42.13	Sep 2024[2]
Norway	132,849	743 billion	147.62	45.21	Sep 2024[2]
India	504.00	712 billion	16.66	4.63	Sep 2024[6]
South Korea	13,722	703 billion	36.09	7.10	Sep 2024[2]
Finland	121,797	687 billion	214.62	86.71	Sep 2024[2]
Greece	59,398	618 billion	232.97	69.41	Sep 2024[2]
Denmark	98,416	590 billion	136.45	31.56	Sep 2024[2]
Turkey	6,138	526 billion	36.13	50.51	Sep 2024[2]
Poland	12,459	467 billion	51.04	29.35	Sep 2024[2]
Portugal	42,911	457 billion	142.70	34.48	Sep 2024[2]
Indonesia	1,501	424 billion	28.41	13.02	Nov 2024[2]
Hungary	35,903	343 billion	109.56	74.78	Sep 2024[2]
Malaysia	8,813	301 billion	61.65	44.40	Dec 2024[2]
Cyprus	301,614	291 billion	837.83	267.41	Sep 2024[2]
Russia	1,989	290 billion	13.23	6.62	Dec 2024[7]
Argentina	6,007	283 billion	46.80	67.32	Sep 2024[2]
Saudi Arabia	8,183	264 billion	23.87	11.64	2022[6]
Chile	12,292	247 billion	68.16	31.69	Dec 2024[2]
New Zealand	45,997	246 billion	93.71	17.28	Sep 2024[2]
Czechia	20,704	226 billion	62.63	29.30	Sep 2024[2]
United Arab Emirates	20,639	220 billion	38.76	17.75	Dec 2016[8]
Taiwan	9,084	213 billion	26.10	3.92	Sep 2024[2]
Malta	368,190	207 billion	912.41	357.68	Sep 2024[2]
Thailand	3,047	201 billion	36.84	14.14	Sep 2024[2]
Colombia	3,809	201 billion	47.87	35.59	Nov 2024[2]
Qatar	68,059	195 billion	80.97	47.79	2018[9]
Mauritius	150,096	189 billion	1,156	278.01	Dec 2024[2]
Ukraine	5,209	172 billion	90.44	25.29	Sep 2024[2]
Puerto Rico	51,634	167 billion	142.15		31 Jan 2015
Kazakhstan	8,176	166 billion	54.09	23.03	Sep 2024[2]
South Africa	2,600	164 billion	39.19	17.69	Jun 2024[2]
Romania	8,310	158 billion	39.00	23.75	June 2023[6]
Egypt	1,465	155 billion	44.88	12.43	Sep 2024[2]
Israel	14,666	147 billion	26.69	10.75	Sep 2024[2]
Slovakia	26,732	145 billion	95.01	53.66	Sep 2024[2]
Philippines	1,223	140 billion	27.51	13.81	Sep 2024[2]
Vietnam	1,372	139 billion	27.46	13.68	2023[2]
Pakistan	543.00	131 billion	33.34	19.33	Dec 2024[2]
Venezuela	3,878	110 billion	100.18		Mar 2019[9]
Bangladesh	611.00	104 billion	21.54	9.62	Jun 2024[2]
Peru	2,550	86.3 billion	30.55	16.63	June 2023[6]
Morocco	1,759	64.8 billion	38.42	18.67	Dec 2022[2]
Lithuania	21,744	62.8 billion	75.90	42.75	Sep 2024[2]
Sudan	1,237	62.4 billion	202.12	283.64	2021[9]
Kuwait	12,638	62.1 billion	38.34	11.01	Sep 2024[2]
Slovenia	28,494	60.7 billion	82.88	32.27	Apr 2023[9]
Ecuador	3,404	57.7 billion	45.89	22.61	Dec 2024[2]
Sri Lanka	2,582	56.6 billion	75.61	15.75	Sep 2024[2]
Oman	10,244	54 billion	48.54	28.59	2021[6]
Serbia	8,179	54 billion	65.45	29.05	Sep 2024[2]
Croatia	13,694	52.9 billion	55.04	22.98	Dec 2022[9]
Bulgaria	7,872	50.7 billion	43.92	19.67	Dec 2024[2]
Uruguay	13,671	47.8 billion	57.91	22.05	Sep 2024[2]
Panama	10,873	44.2 billion	48.17	29.46	Jan 2025[2]
Latvia	23,782	44.1 billion	96.81	31.25	Mar 2024[2]
Nigeria	192.00	43 billion	21.54	6.16	Sep 2024[2]
Tunisia	3,580	42.6 billion	80.86	24.05	Sep 2024[2]
Jordan	3,603	42.3 billion	79.32	17.99	Jun 2024[2]
Estonia	30,426	41.7 billion	96.79	50.81	Sep 2024[2]
Kenya	766.00	40.2 billion	34.42	9.23	Sep 2024[2]
Bahrain	24,813	39.4 billion	82.45	33.98	July 2023[6]
Angola	1,073	37.7 billion	31.84	68.55	Dec 2016[10]
Mongolia	10,591	37.1 billion	169.15	247.45	Dec 2024[2]
Ivory Coast	1,244	36.5 billion	42.01		2023[2]
Belarus	3,976	36.4 billion	49.78	14.28	Sep 2024[2]
Lebanon	6,301	34.6 billion	158.82	10.03	Jun 2024[2]
Uzbekistan	1,729	64.1 billion	55.7		Dec 2024[11]
Ghana	846.00	27.9 billion	37.06	24.92	Oct 2024[9]
Cuba	2,373	26.3 billion	17.88		Dec 2016[12]
Dominican Republic	2,418	26.1 billion	19.22		Dec 2016[13]
Ethiopia	232.00	25.4 billion	10.66	8.48	25 Jan 2024[14]
Georgia	6,850	25.3 billion	76.25	55.02	Sep 2024[2]
Iceland	64,941	25.3 billion	76.83	19.61	Sep 2024[2]
Costa Rica	4,691	24.9 billion	24.74	11.81	Dec 2016[15]
Zambia	1,180	23.1 billion	77.49	85.73	Sep 2024[2]
Iraq	509.00	22.6 billion	8.34		Dec 2023[16]
Papua New Guinea	1,871	22 billion	69.49	51.26	Dec 2016[17]
Paraguay	3,562	21.8 billion	48.43	32.00	Sep 2022[9]
Trinidad & Tobago	15,736	21.5 billion	75.91	42.22	Dec 2016[18]
Cambodia	1,209	21 billion	40.96	32.74	Sep 2024[2]
Guatemala	1,070	19.1 billion	15.78		Dec 2016 [19]
Palau	1.1 million	18.4 billion	5,968		Dec 2014 [20]
Bahamas	44,102	17.6 billion	122.03	109.75	Dec 2013 [21]
Jamaica	5,931	16.8 billion	83.39	37.24	Dec 2016 [22]
Monaco	430,057	16.5 billion	187.84		30 June 2010
Tanzania	257.00	15.9 billion	19.90	10.96	Dec 2016 [23]
Bolivia	1,349	15.3 billion	31.68	14.54	Sep 2024[2]
El Salvador	2,471	14.9 billion	41.56		Dec 2016 [24]
North Macedonia	6,961	12.7 billion	80.09		Jun 2024[2]
Myanmar	237.00	12.2 billion	18.92	4.30	2023[2]
Kyrgyzstan	1,628	11.7 billion	73.92	46.63	Sep 2024[2]
Albania	4,641	11.1 billion	43.84	14.48	Sep 2024[2]
Nicaragua	1,631	11.1 billion	58.95	16.09	Dec 2016 [25]
Zimbabwe	651.00	10.9 billion	30.35	15.35	Dec 2016 [26]
Nepal	361.00	10.5 billion	24.09	11.69	Sep 2024[2]
Mozambique	310.00	10.3 billion	44.80	64.32	2023[2]
Laos	1,359	10.3 billion	67.50	29.29	2023[9]
Moldova	4,198	10.2 billion	55.42	15.65	Sep 2024[2]
Honduras	813.00	8.04 billion	21.89		Dec 2016 [27]
Cameroon	256.00	7.38 billion	13.81	16.03	Dec 2016 [28]
Yemen	223.00	7.19 billion	42.45		Jan 2015[29]
Namibia	2,156	6.52 billion	51.04	21.02	Dec 2016 [30]
Armenia	2,098	6.45 billion	25.40	13.73	Dec 2024[2]
Tajikistan	618.00	6.35 billion	48.82	25.39	Sep 2024[2]
Iran	73.00	6.28 billion	1.31	0.21	2023[2]
Uganda	136.00	6.24 billion	11.23	12.74	Dec 2016 [31]
Senegal	341.00	6.19 billion	18.36	15.09	Dec 2016 [32]
Syria	240.00	5.92 billion	31.83	32.88	Dec 2016 [33]
Democratic Republic of the Congo	49.00	5.33 billion	7.35	7.51	Dec 2016 [34]
Somalia	279.00	5.3 billion	41.39		Dec 2013 [35]
Azerbaijan	519.00	5.3 billion	7.00	3.38	Sep 2024[2]
Gabon	2,142	5.16 billion	24.55	22.43	Dec 2016 [36]
North Korea	193.00	5 billion	32.95		2013 [37]
Bosnia and Herzegovina	1,518	4.96 billion	17.04	5.70	Sep 2024[2]
Republic of the Congo	784.00	4.82 billion	31.08	80.28	Dec 2016 [38]
Barbados	16,766	4.49 billion	65.42	28.06	2010 [39]
Kosovo	2,795	4.43 billion	39.15		Sep 2024[2]
Montenegro	7,047	4.39 billion	54.87	12.21	June 2023[6]
Madagascar	130.00	4.01 billion	24.34	13.36	Dec 2016 [40]
Algeria	78.00	3.7 billion	1.40	1.04	2021[6]
Mali	162.00	3.63 billion	16.74	16.48	Dec 2016 [41]
Mauritania	728.00	3.59 billion	33.73	59.75	Dec 2016 [42]
Libya	478.00	3.53 billion	7.88	8.02	Dec 2016 [43]
Burkina Faso	132.00	3.09 billion	14.12	19.32	Dec 2016 [44]
Niger	104.00	2.73 billion	14.50	20.99	Dec 2016 [45]
Seychelles	21,029	2.55 billion	115.84	63.80	Dec 2016 [46]
Rwanda	177.00	2.44 billion	17.82	8.72	Dec 2016 [47]
Bermuda (UK)	38,014	2.44 billion	31.11		2015 [48]
Benin	181.00	2.34 billion	10.95	15.60	Dec 2016 [49]
Bhutan	2,909	2.26 billion	72.70		Dec 2016 [50]
Haiti	163.00	2.02 billion	8.41	40.44	Dec 2016 [51]
Malawi	95.00	1.92 billion	17.09	8.73	Dec 2016 [52]
South Sudan	126.00	1.92 billion	29.44		2017[53]
Chad	100.00	1.88 billion	10.03	18.75	Dec 2016 [54]
Cape Verde	3,379	1.66 billion	61.07		Dec 2016 [55]
Sierra Leone	176.00	1.56 billion	34.25	39.02	Dec 2016 [56]
Palestine	280.00	1.54 billion	8.25	0.27	Dec 2018[9]
Botswana	594.00	1.43 billion	6.69	5.30	2023[2]
Equatorial Guinea	875.00	1.36 billion	12.74	6.82	Dec 2016 [57]
Djibouti	1,255	1.34 billion	30.68	66.95	Dec 2016 [58]
Guinea	93.00	1.33 billion	5.23	7.40	Dec 2016 [47]
Belize	3,229	1.33 billion	40.26	44.23	Dec 2016 [57]
Afghanistan	30.00	1.28 billion	8.85	3.12	2011[59]
Suriname	2,003	1.24 billion	28.48	61.75	Dec 2016 [60]
Togo	145.00	1.17 billion	11.93	19.55	Dec 2016 [61]
Guyana	1,479	1.14 billion	5.40	19.05	Dec 2015[62]
Andorra	12,736	1.11 billion	28.53		2014 [63]
Liberia	212.00	1.11 billion	23.37	7.94	Dec 2016 [64]
Guinea-Bissau	615.00	1.1 billion	50.91	54.75	Dec 2010 [65]
Lesotho	411.00	949 million	39.62	47.44	Dec 2016 [66]
Faroe Islands (Denmark)	16,236	889 million	38.00		2010[67]
Fiji	925.00	833 million	14.37	6.94	Dec 2016 [68]
Eritrea	232.00	820 million	34.42	16.40	Dec 2016 [69]
Maldives	1,440	742 million	10.30	7.42	2014 [70]
Burundi	55.00	705 million	23.07	17.63	Dec 2016 [71]
Aruba	6,444	693 million	17.04		Dec 2014 [72]
Central African Republic	106.00	687 million	24.44	34.34	Dec 2016 [73]
Grenada	6,031	679 million	48.29		2013 [74]
Gambia	224.00	542 million	20.11	18.06	Dec 2016 [75]
Saint Lucia	2,788	513 million	19.88		Dec 2016 [76]
Cayman Islands (UK)	6890.9	503.3 million	1.20		Sep 2024 [77]
Turkmenistan	71.00	503 million	0.60	0.64	Dec 2016 [78]
Solomon Islands	655.00	492 million	28.79		Dec 2013 [79]
Eswatini	381.00	471 million	9.25		Dec 2016 [80]
Samoa	2,176	447 million	43.67		Dec 2013 [81]
Antigua and Barbuda	4,259	441 million	20.74		Dec 2012[82]
San Marino	10,339	352 million	17.31		2016[83]
Brunei	754.00	340 million	2.12	2.83	2017[84]
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	2,897	321 million	28.47		Dec 2016 [85]
Timor-Leste	227.00	312 million	15.64	7.79	Dec 2014 [86]
Dominica	4,281	289 million	40.76		Dec 2016 [87]
Cook Islands	18,697	281 million	23.00		Dec 2011[88]
Sao Tome and Principe	1,036	237 million	31.49		Dec 2016 [89]
Tonga	2,327	233 million	40.12		Dec 2016 [90]
Vanuatu	647.00	208 million	16.14		Dec 2016 [91]
Saint Kitts and Nevis	3,654	188 million	16.53		Dec 2016 [92]
Comoros	153.00	133 million	9.37	6.66	Dec 2016 [93]
New Caledonia (France)	417.00	112 million	1.16		Dec 2013 [94]
Marshall Islands	2,309	98 million	32.12		2013 [95]
Micronesia	885.00	93.6 million	19.34		2013 [96]
Anguilla (UK)	3287.5	48.3 million	15.83		Dec 2024[97]
Greenland (Denmark)	644.00	36.4 million			2010[98]
Nauru	2,851	33.3 million	20.68		2004 [99]
British Virgin Islands (UK)	560.00	17.7 million	2.00		Dec 2016[100]
Tuvalu	1,386	14.8 million	22.42		2017 [101]
Kiribati	113.00	13.6 million	4.11		2013 [102]
Wallis and Futuna (France)	316.00	3.67 million	6.00		2004[103]
Montserrat (UK)	237.00	1.04 million	2.00		Dec 2011[104]
Niue (New Zealand)	0.00	0	0.00		27 Oct 2016[105]

See also

• Balance of trade
• Domestic liability dollarization
• List of countries by corporate debt
• List of countries by household debt
• List of countries by public debt
• List of sovereign states by financial assets
• National debt of the United States
• World debt