List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia. It includes fully recognized states, states with limited but substantial international recognition, de facto states with little or no international recognition, and dependencies of both Asian and non-Asian states. In particular, it lists (i) 49 generally recognized sovereign states, all of which are members of the United Nations; (ii) two states with substantial but not general international recognition, one of which is a United Nations General Assembly non-member observer state; (iii) three largely unrecognized de facto states; and (iv) six dependent and other territories.

The 49 generally recognized sovereign states listed here include two countries that are generally classified as European or African nations but with portions of their territory being in Asia, while the two states with substantial but not general recognition are both fully encompassed in Asia. Though a majority of the Russian Federation's land area is located within Asia, it is generally considered a European country because of its historical, cultural, ethnic, and political ties to Europe. Its capital and largest city, Moscow is located within Europe, and the vast majority of its population lives within its European part. In addition, while Egypt extends into Asia through the Sinai Peninsula, it is generally considered to be an African country because most of its population and geographic area is in Africa.

Geographical boundaries of Asia

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The divisions between Asia and Europe occur at the Ural Mountains, Ural River, and Caspian Sea in the east, the Caucasus Mountains and the Black Sea, Bosporus Sea of Marmara, Dardanelles and the Aegean Sea in the south. Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Russia, and Turkey all have territory in both Asia and Europe. Armenia and Cyprus are entirely in Western Asia but are socio-politically European countries and members of the Council of Europe, with Cyprus also being a member of the European Union.

The division between Asia and Africa is normally considered to be the Suez Canal, placing the Sinai peninsula (which is part of Egypt) in Asia. Therefore, Egypt, an African country, may also be considered to be a country in Asia.

The division between Southeast Asia and Australia/Oceania is disputed and currently placed somewhere between Java and New Guinea. Indonesia spans both areas, but is ordinarily considered to be an Asian country.[1] Timor-Leste is sometimes considered to be part of Australasia or Melanesia, but due to its being surrounded by Indonesia, and its once being politically part of Indonesia, it is generally considered to be in Southeast Asia. Papua New Guinea is occasionally thought of as a Southeast Asian country,[2][3][4] but it is generally considered to be part of Australasia or Melanesia. The division between East Asia and Oceania is usually placed somewhere between the Japanese archipelago and the Northern Mariana Islands of Micronesia.[5] Certain Japanese islands are often categorized as being within Micronesia due to non-continental geology and similar biogeography.[6][7] The division between Asia and North America is considered to be the Bering Strait. Some of the Aleutian Islands, however, may be considered to be in Asia.[citation needed]

Sovereign states

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A sovereign state is a political organization with effective sovereignty over a population for whom it makes decisions in its interest.[8] According to the Montevideo convention, a state must have a permanent population, a defined territory, a government, and the capacity to enter into relations with other states.[9]

United Nations member states

There are 49 Asian states or states with substantial territory in Asia in this list. All are members of the United Nations.[10]

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Flag Map English short, formal names, and ISO
[11][12][13][14]
Domestic short and formal name(s)
[11][12]
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[13][15][16]
Population 2021
[17][18]
Area
[19]
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Afghanistan

Islamic Emirate of Afghanistan

AFG
Dari: افغانستان – امارت اسلامی افغانستان (Afghānistān – Imārat-i Islāmī-yi Afghānistān)

Pashto: فغانستان – د افغانستان اسلامي امارت (Afġānistān – Də Afġānistān Islāmī Imārat)
Kabul

Dari and Pashto: کابل (Kābəl)
40,099,462 652,230 km2 (251,827 sq mi)
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Armenia

Republic of Armenia

ARM
Armenian: Հայաստան – Հայաստանի Հանրապետությու (Hayastan – Hayastani Hanrapetut'yun) Yerevan

Armenian: Երևան (Yerevan)
2,790,974 29,743 km2 (11,484 sq mi)
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Azerbaijan[a]

Republic of Azerbaijan

AZE
Azerbaijani: Azǝrbaycan – Azǝrbaycan Respublikası Baku

Azerbaijani: Bakı
10,312,992 86,600 km2 (33,436 sq mi)
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Kingdom of Bahrain

BHR
Arabic: مملكة البحرين – البحرين (Al Baḩrayn – Mamlakat al Baḩrayn) Manama

Arabic: المنامة (Al Manāmah)
1,463,265 760 km2 (293 sq mi)
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People's Republic of Bangladesh

BGD
Bengali: বাংলাদেশ – গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ (Bānglādesh – Gaṇaprajātantrī Bānglādesh) Dhaka

Bengali: ঢাকা (Ḍhākā)
169,356,251 147,570 km2 (56,977 sq mi)
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Kingdom of Bhutan

BTN
Dzongkha: འབྲུག་ཡུལ་ – འབྲུག་རྒྱལ་ཁབ་ (Druk Yul – Druk Gyalkhapb) Thimphu

Dzongkha: ཐིམ་ཕུ (Thimphu)
777,486 38,394 km2 (14,824 sq mi)
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Brunei Darussalam

BRN
Malay: Brunei – Negara Brunei Darussalam (بروني – نڬارا بروني دارالسلام) Bandar Seri Begawan

Malay: Bandar Seri Begawan (بندر سري بڬاوان)
460,356 5,765 km2 (2,226 sq mi)
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Kingdom of Cambodia

KHM
Khmer: កម្ពុជា – ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា (Kâmpŭchéa – Preăhréachéanachâkr Kâmpŭchéa) Phnom Penh

Khmer: ភ្នំពេញ (Phnum Pénh)
16,589,023 181,035 km2 (69,898 sq mi)
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People's Republic of China

CHN
Chinese: 中国 – 中华人民共和国 (Zhōngguó – Zhōnghuá Rénmín Gònghéguó) Beijing

Chinese: 北京 (Běijīng)
1,425,893,465 9,596,961 km2 (3,705,407 sq mi)
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Republic of Cyprus

CYP
Greek: Κύπρος – Κυπριακή Δημοκρατία (Kýpros – Kypriakí Dimokratía)

Turkish: Kıbrıs – Kıbrıs Cumhuriyeti
Nicosia

Greek: Λευκωσία (Lefkosía)

Turkish: Lefkoşa
1,244,188 9,251 km2 (3,572 sq mi)
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Arab Republic of Egypt

EGY
Arabic: مصر – جمهورية مصر العربية (Miṣr—Jumhūrīyat Miṣr al-ʿArabiyya) Cairo

Arabic: القاهرة (al-Qāhirah)
109,262,178 1,001,449 km2 (386,662 sq mi)
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GEO
Georgian: საქართველო (Sak'art'velo) Tbilisi / T'bilisi

Georgian: თბილისი (T'bilisi)
3,757,980 69,700 km2 (26,911 sq mi)
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Republic of India

IND
English: India – Republic of India

Hindi: भारत – भारत गणराज्य (Bhārat – Bhārat Gaṇarājya)
New Delhi

English: New Delhi

Hindi: नई दिल्ली (Naī Dillī)
1,407,563,842 3,287,263 km2 (1,269,219 sq mi)
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Republic of Indonesia

IDN
Indonesian: Indonesia – Republik Indonesia Jakarta

Indonesian: Jakarta – DKI Jakarta
273,753,191 1,904,569 km2 (735,358 sq mi)
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Islamic Republic of Iran

IRN
Persian: جمهوری اسلامی ایران – ایران (Īrān – Jomhūrī-ye Eslāmī-ye Īrān) Tehran

Persian: تهران (Tehrān)
87,923,432 1,648,195 km2 (636,372 sq mi)
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Republic of Iraq

IRQ
Arabic: العراق – جمهورية العراق (Al 'Irāq – Jumhūrīyat al 'Irāq) Baghdad

Arabic: بغداد (Baghdād)
43,533,592 438,317 km2 (169,235 sq mi)
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State of Israel

ISR
Hebrew: יִשְרָאֵל – מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל (Yisra'el – Medinat Yisra'el)

Arabic: إسرائيل – دَوْلَة إِسْرَائِيل (Isrā'īl – Dawlat Isrā'īl)
Jerusalem (Claimed and de facto)[d]

Hebrew: ירושלים (Yerushalayim)

Arabic: القُدس (Al Quds)
8,900,059 20,770 km2 (8,019 sq mi)
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JPN
Japanese: 日本 – 日本国 (Nihon / Nippon – Nihon-koku / Nippon-koku) Tokyo

Japanese: 東京 (Tōkyō)
124,612,530 377,915 km2 (145,914 sq mi)
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Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan

JOR
Arabic: اﻷرُدن – المملكة الأردنية الهاشميه (Al Urdun – Al Mamlakah al Urdunīyah al Hāshimīyah) Amman

Arabic: عمان (Ammān)
11,148,278 89,342 km2 (34,495 sq mi)
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Republic of Kazakhstan

KAZ
Kazakh: Қазақстан – Қазақстан Республикасы (Qazaqstan – Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy)

Russian: Казахстан – Республика Казахстан (Kazahstan – Respublika Kazahstan)
Astana

Kazakh: Астана (Astana)

Russian: Астана (Astana)
19,196,465 2,724,900 km2 (1,052,090 sq mi)
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Democratic People's Republic of Korea

PRK
Korean: 조선 – 조선민주주의인민공화국 (Chosŏn – Chosŏn-minjujuŭi-inmin-konghwaguk) Pyongyang

Korean: 평양 (Phyŏngyang)
25,971,909 120,538 km2 (46,540 sq mi)
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Republic of Korea

KOR
Korean: 한국 – 대한민국 (Hanguk – Daehan Minguk) Seoul

Korean: 서울 (Seoul)
51,830,139 99,720 km2 (38,502 sq mi)
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State of Kuwait

KWT
Arabic: دولة الكويت – اﻟﻜﻮﻳت (Al Kuwayt – Dawlat al Kuwayt) Kuwait City

Arabic: الكويت (Al Kuwayt)
4,250,114 17,818 km2 (6,880 sq mi)
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Kyrgyz Republic

KGZ
Kyrgyz: Кыргызстан – Кыргыз Республикасы (Kyrgyzstan – Kyrgyz Respublikasy)

Russian: Кыргызстан – Кыргызская Республика (Kyrgyzstan – Kyrgyzskaja Respublika)
Bishkek

Kyrgyz: Бишкек (Bishkek)

Russian: Бишкек (Biškek)
6,527,743 199,951 km2 (77,202 sq mi)
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Lao People's Democratic Republic

LAO
Lao: ປະເທດລາວ – ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ (PathetLao – Sathalanalat Paxathipatai Paxaxôn Lao) Vientiane

Lao: ວຽງຈັນ (Viangchan)
7,425,057 236,800 km2 (91,429 sq mi)
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Lebanese Republic

LBN
Arabic: لبنان – الجمهورية اللبنانية (Lubnān – Al Jumhūrīyah al Lubnānīyah) Beirut

Arabic: بيروت (Bayrūt)
5,592,631 10,452 km2 (4,036 sq mi)
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MYS
Malay: Malaysia Kuala Lumpur[e]

Malay: Kuala Lumpur
33,573,874 329,847 km2 (127,355 sq mi)
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Republic of Maldives

MDV
Dhivehi: ދިވެހިރާއްޖެ – ދިވެހިރާއްޖޭގެ ޖުމްހޫރިއްޔާ (Dhivehi Raajje – Dhivehi Raajjeyge Jumhooriyyaa) Malé / Male'

Dhivehi: މާލެ (Maale)
521,457 298 km2 (115 sq mi)
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MNG
Mongolian: Монгол – Монгол улс (Mongol – Mongol uls) Ulaanbaatar

Mongolian: Улаанбаатар (Ulaanbaatar)
3,347,782 1,564,116 km2 (603,909 sq mi)
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Republic of the Union of Myanmar

MMR
Burmese: မြန်မာ – ပြည်ထောင်စု သမ္မတ မြန်မာနိုင်ငံတော်‌ (Myanma – Pyidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw) Nay Pyi Taw

Burmese: နေပြည်တော် (Nay Pyi Taw)
53,798,084 676,578 km2 (261,228 sq mi)
Flag of Nepal
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Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal

NPL
Nepali: सङ्घीय लोकतान्त्रिक गणतन्त्र नेपाल (Nepāl – Saṅghīya Loktāntrik Gaṇatantra Nepāl) Kathmandu

Nepali: काठमाडौं (Kāṭhmāḍaũ)
30,034,989 147,516 km2 (56,956 sq mi)
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Sultanate of Oman

OMN
Arabic: عُمان – سلطنة عُمان ('Umān – Salţanat 'Umān) Muscat

Arabic: مسقط (Masqaţ)
4,520,471 309,500 km2 (119,499 sq mi)
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Islamic Republic of Pakistan

PAK
English: Pakistan – Islamic Republic of Pakistan

Urdu: پَاکِسْتَان – اسلامی جمہوریہ پاکستان (Pākistān —Islāmī Jamhuriyah-e-Pākistān)
Islamabad

English: Islamabad

Urdu: اسلام آباد (Islāmābād)
231,402,117 881,913 km2 (340,509 sq mi)
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Republic of the Philippines

PHL
English: Philippines – Republic of the Philippines

Filipino: Pilipinas – Republika ng Pilipinas
Manila

English: Manila

Filipino: Maynila
113,880,328 343,448 km2 (132,606 sq mi)
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State of Qatar

QAT
Arabic: قطر – دولة قطر (Qatar – Dawlat Qatar) Doha

Arabic: الدوحة (Ad Dawḩah)
2,688,235 11,586 km2 (4,473 sq mi)
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Russian Federation

RUS
Russian: Росси́я – Российская Федерация (Rossija – Rossijskaja Federacija) Moscow[21]

Russian: Москва (Moskva)
145,102,755 (including Crimea) 17,098,242 km2 (6,601,668 sq mi)
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Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

SAU
Arabic: السعودية – المملكة العربية السعودية (As Su'ūdīya – Al Mamlakah al 'Arabīyah as Su'ūdīyah) Riyadh

Arabic: الرياض (Ar Riyāḑ)
35,950,396 2,149,690 km2 (830,000 sq mi)
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Republic of Singapore

SGP
Chinese: 新加坡 – 新加坡共和国 (Xīnjiāpō – Xīnjiāpō Gònghéguó)

English: Singapore – Republic of Singapore

Malay: Singapura – Republik Singapura

Tamil: சிங்கப்பூர் – சிங்கப்பூர் குடியரசு (Chiṅkappūr – Chiṅkappūr Kuṭiyarachu)
Singapore

Chinese: 新加坡 (Xīnjiāpō)

English: Singapore

Malay: Singapura

Tamil: சிங்கப்பூர் (Chiṅkappūr)
5,941,060 697 km2 (269 sq mi)
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Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka

LKA
Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකාව – ශ්‍රී ලංකා ප්‍රජාතාන්ත්‍රික සමාජවාදී ජනරජය (Shrī Laṁkā – Shrī Laṁkā Prajātāntrika Samājavādī Janarajaya)

Tamil: இலங்கை – இலங்கை ஜனநாயக சமத்துவ குடியரசு (Ilaṅkai – Ilaṅkai Jaṉanāyaka Choṣhalichak Kuṭiyarachu)
Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte

Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ජයවර්ධනපුර කෝට්ටේ (Shrī Jayavardhanapura Koṭṭe)

Tamil: ஶ்ரீ ஜெயவர்த்தனபுர கோட்டை (Shrī Jĕyavarttaṉapura Koṭṭai)
21,773,441 65,610 km2 (25,332 sq mi)
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Syrian Arab Republic

SYR
Arabic: سورية / سوريا – الجمهورية العربية السورية (Sūrīyah / Sūriyā – Al Jumhūrīyah al 'Arabīyah as Sūrīyah) Damascus

Arabic: دمشق (Dimashq)
21,324,367 185,180 km2 (71,498 sq mi)
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Republic of Tajikistan

TJK
Tajik: Тоҷикистон – Ҷумҳурии Тоҷикистон (Tojikiston – Jumhurii Tojikiston)

Russian: Таджикистан – Таджикистан Республика (Tajikistan – Tažikistan Respublika)
Dushanbe

Tajik: Душанбе (Dushanbe)
9,750,064 143,100 km2 (55,251 sq mi)
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Kingdom of Thailand

THA
Thai: ไทย – ราชอาณาจักรไทย (Thai – Ratcha Anachak Thai) Bangkok

Thai: กรุงเทพมหานคร (Krung Thep Maha Nakhon)
71,601,103 513,120 km2 (198,117 sq mi)
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Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste

TLS
Portuguese: Timor-Leste – República Democrática de Timor-Leste

Tetum: Timor Lorosa'e – Repúblika Demokrátika Timor Lorosa'e
Dili

Portuguese: Díli

Tetum: Díli
1,320,942 14,874 km2 (5,743 sq mi)
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Republic of Turkey

TUR
Turkish: Türkiye – Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Ankara

Turkish: Ankara
84,775,404 783,562 km2 (302,535 sq mi)
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TKM
Turkmen: Türkmenistan Ashgabat

Turkmen: Aşgabat
6,341,855 488,100 km2 (188,456 sq mi)
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ARE
Arabic: اﻹﻣﺎرات – دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة (Al Imārāt – Al Imārāt al 'Arabīyah al Muttaḩidah) Abu Dhabi

Arabic: أبوظبي (Abu Dhabi)
9,365,145 83,600 km2 (32,278 sq mi)
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Republic of Uzbekistan

UZB
Uzbek: Ўзбекистон – Ўзбекистон Республикаси (O'zbekiston – O'zbekiston Respublikasi) Tashkent

Uzbek: Тошкент (Toshkent)
34,081,449 447,400 km2 (172,742 sq mi)
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Socialist Republic of Vietnam

VNM
Vietnamese: Việt Nam – Cộng Hòa Xã Hội Chủ Nghĩa Việt Nam Hanoi

Vietnamese: Hà Nội
97,468,029 332,698 km2 (128,455 sq mi)
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Republic of Yemen

YEM
Arabic: اليمن – الجمهورية اليمنية (Al Yaman – Al Jumhūrīyah al Yamanīyah) Sana'a[f]

Arabic: صنعاء (Şan'ā')
32,981,641 527,968 km2 (203,850 sq mi)
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States with limited, but substantial, international recognition

In this list, Palestine is a state with substantial international recognition and UN General Assembly non-member observer state status but without practical control over tangible territory, while Taiwan is a de facto state with full practical sovereignty over its territory and unofficial ties with most of the international community but not widely recognized de jure. Although a founding member of the United Nations as the Republic of China, since 1971 Taiwan is no longer recognized by the United Nations.

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Flag Map English short, formal names, and ISO Status Domestic short and formal names Capital Population 2021
[17][18]
Area
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State of Palestine

PSE
Recognized by 146 UN member states. See International recognition of the State of Palestine. One of two United Nations General Assembly non-member observer states Arabic: فلسطين – دولة فلسطين (Filasṭīn – Dawlat Filasṭīn) Ramallah (de facto)
Arabic: رام الله
(Rāmāllah)

Jerusalem (declared)
Arabic: القدس
(Al-Quds)
5,133,392 6,220 km2 (2,402 sq mi)
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Republic of China[13]

TWN[22]
Claimed as part of the People's Republic of China. Officially recognized as sovereign by 11 UN member states and the Holy See, which deem it to be the rightful government of all of China. In addition, Taiwan maintains unofficial relations with most other countries and is de facto recognized by most sovereign states. See Political status of Taiwan for more information about the situation. Traditional Chinese: 臺灣/台灣 – 中華民國 (Táiwān—Zhōnghuá Mínguó) Taipei[13][15]

Traditional Chinese: 台北 (Táiběi)
23,859,912 35,980 km2 (13,892 sq mi)[23]
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De facto states with little or no international recognition

The three de facto states on this list have little or no international recognition and are not members of the United Nations. All are defined as states by the declarative theory.

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Flag Map English short and formal names Status Domestic short and formal names Capital Population (2011) Area
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Republic of Abkhazia[24]
Claimed as an autonomous republic of Georgia.[25] Recognised by 5 UN states.[26][27][28] Abkhaz: Аҧсуа (Apswa)[24] Sukhumi / Sokhumi[24]

Abkhaz: Аҟəа (Akwa)[citation needed]
250,000[29] 8,660 km2 (3,344 sq mi)[25]
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Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus[30]
Claimed as part of the Republic of Cyprus. Recognised only by Turkey.[30] Turkish: Kuzey Kıbrıs – Kuzey Kıbrıs Türk Cumhuriyeti[31] North Nicosia

Turkish: Lefkoşa[32]
285,356[33] 3,355 km2 (1,295 sq mi)[23]
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Republic of South Ossetia - State of Alania
Claimed as part of Georgia.[34] Recognised by 5 UN states. Ossetian: Хуссар Ирыстон – Республикӕ Хуссар Ирыстон (Khussar Iryston – Respublikæ Khussar Iryston)

Russian: Южная Осетия – Республика Южная Осетия (Yuzhnaya Osetiya – Respublika Yuzhnaya Osetiya)
Tskhinvali[34]

Ossetian: Цхинвал or Чъреба (Chreba)[citation needed]
70,000[34] 3,900 km2 (1,506 sq mi)[35]
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Dependencies and other territories

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Perspective

The four territories in this list are controlled by a state of which they are not considered to be a part.

More information Flag, Map ...
Flag Map English short, formal names, and ISO[11][13] Status[36] Domestic short and formal names Capital Population Area[23]
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Thumb Akrotiri and Dhekelia

Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia
British overseas territory English: Akrotiri and Dhekelia – Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia

Greek: Ακρωτήρι και Δεκέλεια – Περιοχές Κυρίαρχων Βάσεων Ακρωτηρίου και Δεκέλειας (Akrotíri ke Dekélia – Periochés Kyríarchon Váseon Akrotiríou ke Dekélias)
Episkopi Cantonment

Greek: Φρουρά Επισκοπής (Frourá Episkopís)
15,700[37][h] 254 km2 (98 sq mi)
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Thumb British Indian Ocean Territory

IOT
British overseas territory English: British Indian Ocean Territory Camp Justice 4,000[38][i] 54,400 km2 (21,004 sq mi)
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Thumb Christmas Island

Territory of Christmas Island

CXR
Territory of Australia English: Christmas Island – Territory of Christmas Island Flying Fish Cove[13] / The Settlement[15] 1,843[39] 135 km2 (52 sq mi)
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Thumb Cocos (Keeling) Islands

Territory of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands

CCK
Territory of Australia English: Cocos (Keeling) Islands – Territory of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands

Cocos Islands Malay: Pulu Kokos (Keeling)
West Island[15] / Bantam[13] 544[39] 14 km2 (5 sq mi)
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Special areas of internal sovereignty

The following two entities are integral areas of their controlling state, but have a political arrangement that was decided through an international agreement.

More information Flag, Map ...
Flag Map English short, formal names, and ISO[11][13] Status[36] Domestic short and formal names Capital Population Area[23]
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Thumb Hong Kong

Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China[13]

HKG
Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China Traditional Chinese: 香港 – 中華人民共和國香港特別行政區

English: Hong Kong – Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China
Hong Kong 7,582,000[37] 2,755 km2 (1,064 sq mi)
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Thumb Macau / Macao

Macao Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China[40]

MAC
Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China Traditional Chinese: 澳門 – 中華人民共和國澳門特別行政區

Portuguese: Macau – Região Administrativa Especial de Macau da República Popular da China
Macau / Macao[13] 693,000[37] 28.2 km2 (10.9 sq mi)
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See also

References

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