1816 in the United States

Events from the year 1816 in the United States.

← 1815 1814 1813 1816 in the United States → 1817 1818 1819
Decades:	1790s 1800s 1810s 1820s 1830s
See also:	History of the United States (1789–1849) Timeline of United States history (1790–1819) List of years in the United States

Incumbents

Federal government

• President: James Madison (DR-Virginia)
• Vice President: vacant
• Chief Justice: John Marshall (Virginia)
• Speaker of the House of Representatives: Henry Clay (DR-Kentucky)
• Congress: 14th

Governors and lieutenant governors

Governors Governor of Connecticut: John Cotton Smith (Federalist) Governor of Delaware: Daniel Rodney (Federalist) Governor of Georgia: David Brydie Mitchell (Democratic-Republican) Governor of Indiana: Thomas Posey (Democratic-Republican) (until December 11), Jonathan Jennings (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 11) Governor of Kentucky: until September 5: Isaac Shelby (Democratic-Republican) September 5-October 14: George Madison (Democratic-Republican) starting October 14: Gabriel Slaughter (Democratic-Republican) Governor of Louisiana: William C. C. Claiborne (Democratic-Republican) (until December 16), Jacques Villeré (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 16) Governor of Maryland: Levin Winder (Federalist) (until January 2), Charles Carnan Ridgely (Federalist) (starting January 2) Governor of Massachusetts: Caleb Strong (Federalist) (until May 30), John Brooks (Federalist) (starting May 30) Governor of New Hampshire: John Taylor Gilman (Federalist) (until June 6), William Plumer (Democratic-Republican) (starting June 6) Governor of New Jersey: Mahlon Dickerson (Democratic-Republican) Governor of New York: Daniel D. Tompkins (Democratic-Republican) Governor of North Carolina: William Miller (Democratic-Republican) Governor of Ohio: Thomas Worthington (Democratic-Republican) Governor of Pennsylvania: Simon Snyder (Democratic-Republican) Governor of Rhode Island: William Jones (Federalist) Governor of South Carolina: David Rogerson Williams (Democratic-Republican) (until December 10), Andrew Pickens (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 10) Governor of Tennessee: Joseph McMinn (Democratic-Republican) Governor of Vermont: Jonas Galusha (Democratic-Republican) Governor of Virginia: Wilson Cary Nicholas (Democratic-Republican) (until December 1), James Patton Preston (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 1) Lieutenant governors Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut: vacant (until month and day unknown), Jonathan Ingersoll (Democratic-Republican) (starting month and day unknown) Lieutenant Governor of Indiana: Christopher Harrison (Democratic-Republican) (starting December 11) Lieutenant Governor of Kentucky: until month and day unknown: Richard Hickman (political party unknown) month and day unknown: Gabriel Slaughter (political party unknown) starting month and day unknown: vacant Lieutenant Governor of Massachusetts: William Phillips, Jr. (political party unknown) Lieutenant Governor of New York: DeWitt Clinton (Democratic-Republican) Lieutenant Governor of Rhode Island: Simeon Martin (political party unknown) (until month and day unknown), Jeremiah Thurston (political party unknown) (starting month and day unknown) Lieutenant Governor of South Carolina: Robert Creswell (Democratic-Republican) (until month and day unknown), John A. Cuthbert (Democratic-Republican) (starting month and day unknown) Lieutenant Governor of Vermont: Paul Brigham (Democratic-Republican)

Events

• April 11 – In Philadelphia, the African Methodist Episcopal Church is established by Richard Allen and other African-American Methodists, the first such denomination completely independent of White churches.
• April 27 – The Dallas tariff is passed in Congress seeking to protect American manufacturing against an influx of cheaper British goods following the War of 1812.^[1][2]
• May 11 – The American Bible Society is founded in New York City, New York.^[3]
• June – Fort Dearborn is reestablished in the place that will become Chicago, IL.^[4]
• August 24 – The Treaty of St. Louis is signed in St. Louis, Missouri.
• November – James Monroe defeats Rufus King in the U.S. presidential election.
• November 7 – Jonathan Jennings is sworn in as the first governor of Indiana.
• December 11 – Indiana is admitted as the 19th U.S. state (see History of Indiana).

Undated

• 1816 was known as 'the year without a summer' in North America and elsewhere, with widespread unseasonal weather and crop failures.^[5]
• The Second Bank of the United States obtains its charter.
• E. Remington and Sons (the firearm and later typewriter manufacturing company) is founded in Ilion, New York.

Births

• January 3 – Samuel C. Pomeroy, U.S. Senator from Kansas from 1861 to 1873 and railroad president (died 1891)
• January 30 – Nathaniel P. Banks, politician and general (died 1894)
• March 1 – John Souther, mechanical engineer (died 1911)
• March 14 – William Marsh Rice, university founder (died 1900)
• April 25 – Eliza Daniel Stewart, temperance leader (died 1908)
• May 3 – Montgomery C. Meigs, career United States Army officer and civil engineer, who served as Quartermaster General of the United States Army during and after the American Civil War (died 1892)
• June 19 – William Henry Webb, industrialist and philanthropist (died 1899)
• July 4 – James B. Howell, U.S. Senator from Iowa from 1870 to 1871 (died 1880)
• July 23 – Charlotte Cushman, actress (died 1876)
• July 31 – George Henry Thomas, U.S. Army general (died 1870)
• August 4
  • William Julian Albert, Congressman (died 1879)
  • Russell Sage, financier, railroad president and politician (died 1906)
• October 11 – William W. Eaton, U.S. Senator from Connecticut from 1875 to 1881 (died 1898)
• October 20 – James W. Grimes, U.S. Senator from Iowa from 1859 to 1869 (died 1872)
• October 26 – Philip Pendleton Cooke, lawyer and poet (died 1850)
• November 3 – Jubal Early, Confederate general (died 1894)
• November 4 – James L. Alcorn, U.S. Senator from Mississippi from 1871 to 1877 (died 1894)
• November 29
  • Henry Mower Rice, U.S. Senator from Minnesota from 1858 to 1863 (died 1894)
  • Morrison Waite, 7th Chief Justice of the Supreme Court (died 1888)
• December 12 – Thomas C. McCreery, U.S. Senator from Kentucky from 1868 to 1871 (died 1890)
• December 13 – Clement Claiborne Clay, U.S. Senator from Alabama from 1853 to 1862, Confederate States Senator from Alabama from 1862 to 1864 (died 1882)

Deaths

• April 3 – Thomas Machin, military engineer (born 1744 in Great Britain)
• May 4 – Samuel Dexter, 3rd United States Secretary of the Treasury, 4th United States Secretary of War (born 1761)
• June 25 – Hugh Henry Brackenridge, writer and Pennsylvania Supreme Court justice (born 1748 in Great Britain)
• August 12 – Mary Katherine Goddard, publisher and postmistress (born 1738)
• September 18 – Bernard McMahon, horticulturalist (born c. 1775 in Ireland)
• November 8 – Gouverneur Morris, statesman and Founding Father of the U.S. (born 1752)

See also

• Timeline of United States history (1790–1819)

References

1. "1816-1860: The Second American Party System and the Tariff". Tax History Museum. Archived from the original on October 15, 2009. Retrieved October 27, 2009.
2. Albert Bushnell Hart (1897). "Formation Of The Union – Chapters XI-XII". Formation Of The Union. WebRoots. Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved October 27, 2009.
3. "A Timeline of American Bible Society". American Bible Society. Archived from the original on December 16, 2009. Retrieved October 27, 2009.
4. Gregory, Terry. "History of Fort Dearborn". Chicagology. Retrieved August 30, 2018.
5. Oppenheimer, Clive (2003). "Climatic, environmental and human consequences of the largest known historic eruption: Tambora volcano (Indonesia) 1815". Progress in Physical Geography. 27 (2): 230–259. doi:10.1191/0309133303pp379ra.

Further reading

• Merrill Moores. Indiana In 1816. Indiana Magazine of History, Vol. 12, No. 3 (1916), pp. 271–280
• Schmidt, Otto L. (1927). "The Mississippi Valley in 1816 Through an Englishman's Diary". The Mississippi Valley Historical Review. 14 (2): 138–155. doi:10.2307/1895943. JSTOR 1895943.
• Julian P. Boyd. John Sergeant's Mission to Europe for the Second Bank of the United States: 1816–1817. The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. 58, No. 3 (1934), pp. 213–231
• Charles G. Davis, Ninian Edwards, Wm. Clark, George Graham, Lane K. Newberry, C. J. Bulliet. The Indian Boundary Line under the Treaty of August 24, 1816. Journal of the Illinois State Historical Society, Vol. 28, No. 1 (April, 1935), pp. 26–64
• Davis, Edwin Adams; Andreassen, John C. L. (1936). "From Louisville to New Orleans in 1816 Diary of William Newton Mercer". The Journal of Southern History. 2 (3): 390. doi:10.2307/2191915. JSTOR 2191915.
• L. G. Moffatt, J. M. Carrière. A Frenchman Visits Norfolk, Fredericksburg and Orange County, 1816. The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. 53, No. 2 (April, 1945), pp. 101–123
• Harold W. Ryan, George Izard. Diary of a Journey by George Izard, 1815–1816. The South Carolina Historical Magazine, Vol. 53, No. 2 (April, 1952), pp. 67–76
• Peterson, Charles E. (1954). "Dutch Brick for Baltimore, 1816". Journal of the Society of Architectural Historians. 13 (1): 26–27. doi:10.2307/987560. JSTOR 987560.
• Hoyt, Joseph B. (1958). "The Cold Summer of 1816". Annals of the Association of American Geographers. 48 (2): 118–131. doi:10.1111/j.1467-8306.1958.tb01564.x.
• Journal of the Convention of the Indiana Territory, 1816. Indiana Magazine of History, Vol. 61, No. 2 (June 1965), pp. 77–87, 89–156
• George T. Blakey. Rendezvous with Republicanism: John Pope vs. Henry Clay in 1816. Indiana Magazine of History, Vol. 62, No. 3 (September 1966), pp. 233–250
• Ronald L. Stuckey. Thomas Nuttall's 1816 Ohio Valley Plant Collections Described in His "Genera" of 1818. Castanea, Vol. 31, No. 3 (September, 1966), pp. 187–198
• William G. Morgan. The Congressional Nominating Caucus of 1816: The Struggle against the Virginia Dynasty. The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. 80, No. 4 (October, 1972), pp. 461–475
• Joseph G. Rayback. A Myth Re-Examined: Martin van Buren's Role in the Presidential Election of 1816. Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society, Vol. 124, No. 2 (April 29, 1980), pp. 106–118
• David Hosford, Mary Bagot. Exile in Yankeeland: The Journal of Mary Bagot, 1816–1819. Records of the Columbia Historical Society, Washington, D.C., Vol. 51, [The 51st separately bound book] (1984), pp. 30–50
• Douglas R. Egerton. To the Tombs of the Capulets: Charles Fenton Mercer and Public Education in Virginia, 1816–1817. The Virginia Magazine of History and Biography, Vol. 93, No. 2 (April, 1985), pp. 155–174
• Skeen, C. Edward (1986). ""Vox Populi, Vox Dei": The Compensation Act of 1816 and the Rise of Popular Politics". Journal of the Early Republic. 6 (3): 253–274. doi:10.2307/3122916. JSTOR 3122916.
• Bianco, William T.; Spence, David B.; Wilkerson, John D. (1996). "The Electoral Connection in the Early Congress: The Case of the Compensation Act of 1816". American Journal of Political Science. 40 (1): 145–171. doi:10.2307/2111698. JSTOR 2111698.

External links

• Media related to 1816 in the United States at Wikimedia Commons