1500s (decade) - Wikiwand

The 1500s ran from January 1, 1500, to December 31, 1509.

1500

January–March

January 5 – Duke Ludovico Sforza recaptures Milan, but is soon driven out again by the French.^[1]
January 26 – Spanish navigator Vicente Yáñez Pinzón reaches the northern coast of Brazil.^[2]
February 5 – Ludovico Sforza's Swiss mercenary army retakes the city of Milan from the French during the Second Italian War.^[3]
February 17 – Battle of Hemmingstedt: The Danish army fails to conquer the peasants' republic of Dithmarschen.^[4]
March 9 – Pedro Álvares Cabral, with a fleet of 13 ships, departs Portugal on a voyage to the New World.^[5]
March 11 – The Parliament of Bohemia adopts a new constitution that limits the power of King Vladislav II and subsequent Bohemian monarchs.^[6]
March 24 – The day after departing the Cape Verde Islands with the rest of Cabral's fleet, Vasco de Ataíde and his 150 crewmates die when their ship goes down in a storm.^[7]

April–June

April 22 – Portuguese navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral and his crew on 13 vessels arrive in Brazil, anchoring at Monte Pascoal and naming the country Vera Cruz.^[8] Cabral claims the land for the Kingdom of Portugal.
May 1 – Pero Vaz de Caminha finishes writing his chronicle of the Portuguese discovery of Brazil while accompanying Cabral.^[9]
May 3 – Cabral and his fleet depart from Brazil and sail eastward toward Africa, resuming their journey to India.
May 5 – Representatives of the English and Spanish royal families sign a treaty at Canterbury for the marriage of 13-year-old Arthur, Prince of Wales (son of King Henry VII and Elizabeth of York) to 14-year-old Princess Catherine of Aragon. Arthur's marriage to Catherine takes place the next year, but Arthur dies five months later; she marries Arthur's younger brother Henry VIII in 1509.^[10]
May 8 – The first guide to distilling of liquor is published, Liber de arte distillandi de simplicibus by Hieronymus Brunschwig.
May 29 – Traveling eastward from Brazil, Cabral and his fleet run into a storm off of the coast of Africa near the Cape of Good Hope and lose four of their 13 ships.^[11] Navigator Bartolomeu Dias is among the persons killed.
June 1 – Pope Alexander VI issues the papal bull Quamvis ad amplianda, calling on a Roman Catholic crusade against the Ottoman Empire.^[12]
June 29 – A combined force of troops from the Kingdom of France and from the Republic of Florence lay siege to the city of Pisa.^[13]
June 30 – Sultan Abu Sa'id Qansuh of Egypt is overthrown and sent into exile. Al-Ashraf Abu al-Nasir Janbalat is crowned as the new Mamluk sultan, but reigns for less than six months.

July–September

July 14 – The Muscovites defeat the Lithuanians and the Poles in the Battle of Vedrosha.^[14]
July 24 – Ottoman–Venetian War: The Turkish fleet of Kemal Reis defeats the Venetians in the Second Battle of Lepanto.
August 9 – In the Venetian Republic, the Ottoman Empire Turks capture Modon and Coron, the "two eyes of the Republic".^[15]
August 10 – Diogo Dias discovers an island which he names São Lourenço, since August 10 is the feast day of Saint Lawrence, a Roman Catholic martyr of the 3rd century.^[16] The massive island is later known as Madagascar.
August 23 – Francisco de Bobadilla, appointed to replace Admiral Christopher Columbus as Spanish Governor-General of the New World, arrives at Santo Domingo on the island of Hispanola. Bobadilla issues an order directing Christopher and Bartolomeo Columbus to appear before him at Santo Domingo.^[17]
September 12 – George the Bearded begins a reign of more than 38 years as Duke of Saxony at the Saxon capital of Emden, after the death of his father, Albert III, who had ruled 36 years.^[18] George also becomes George II, Margrave of Meissen.
September 13 – Pedro Cabral's fleet of nine ships arrives in India, more than six months after departing from Portugal, and lands at the port of Calicut, which had been visited two years earlier by Vasco da Gama.^[19]

September 15 – Christopher Columbus (Cristobal Colon) is placed under arrest, along with his two brothers, Bartolome and Diego, after appearing before Francisco de Bobadilla, who had replaced him as the Spanish Governor of the New World. ("El 15 de septiemre Bobadilla presenta sus credenciales a Colon... Colon habia ejectuado a varios espanoles cargo de gran peso contra el, asi que al fin Bobadilla resolvio enviarlos presos a Espana para que alla se les juzgase."— "On the 15th of September of 1500, Bobadilla presented his credential to Columbus. Columbus had executed several Spaniards charged with great weight against him, so Bobadilla finally decided to send them prisoners to Spain so that they could be tried there.") ^[20]
September 23 – Bobadilla hears testimony from 22 witnesses and concludes that the Columbus brothers intended to overthrow him; he has them placed in manacles and chains for deportation to Spain. ("La pesquisa de Bobadilla contra Colon habia comenzado el 23-IX-1500."— "Bobadilla's investigation against Colon had begun on 23 September 1500.") ^[21]

October–December

October 1 – Christopher Columbus and his brothers, arrested and in chains, are deported from Santo Domingo to Spain.^[22]
October 22 – Nasir-ud-Din Shah overthrows the government of his father, Ghiyath Shah, ruler of the Malwa Sultanate (located in much of what is now the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh) for the last 31 years.^[23] Upon becoming the new Sultan, Nasir has his brother Ala-ud-Din executed, along with Ala-ud-din's children. Ghiyasuddin is poisoned the following February.
November 11 – Treaty of Granada: Louis XII of France and Ferdinand II of Aragon agree to divide the Kingdom of Naples between them.^[24]
November 16 – Emperor Go-Kashiwabara accedes to the throne of Meiō era Japan.
November 25 – Christopher Columbus and his brothers arrive in Spain at Seville "after one of the longest Atlantic crossings in the Columbian years" (six weeks) and released on their own recognizance.^[22]
December 17 – All charges against the Columbus brothers for malfeasance in governing Hispanola are dismissed by King Ferdinand and Queen Isabella.^[20]
December 24 – The Siege of the Castle of St. George ends, and the island of Cephalonia is captured by a joint Venetian–Spanish fleet.^[25]
December 31 – The last incunable is printed in Venice.^[26]

Date unknown

Europe's population is estimated at 56.7 million people.^[27] The world's population is estimated to be between 425 million and 540 million.^[28]
Saxony's mint at Annaberg begins producing guldengroschens, also known as guldiners.^[29]
Although other reports exist, it is thought that the last wolf in England is killed this year, making the species extinct in that country.^[30] The wolf is thought to have been killed in Allithwaite, in Cumbria. However, reports of wolf sightings and laws concerning wolf bounties exist in rural areas of the north until the 18th century.
A group of Māori migrate east from the New Zealand mainland to the Chatham Islands, developing a distinct pacificist culture known as the Moriori (approx. date).

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Births

1500

January 6 – John of Ávila, Spanish mystic and saint (d. 1569)^[239]
January 20 – Jean Quintin, French priest, knight and writer (d. 1561)^[240]
February 7 – João de Castro, Portuguese nobleman and fourth viceroy of Portuguese India (d. 1548)^[241]
February 22 – Cardinal Rodolfo Pio da Carpi, Italian humanist (d. 1564)^[242]
February 24 – Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1558)^[243]
March 3 – Reginald Pole, Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1558)^[244]^[245]
April 12 – Joachim Camerarius, German classical scholar (d. 1574)^[246]
April 23
- Alexander Ales, Scottish theologian (d. 1565)^[247]
- Johann Stumpf, Swiss writer (d. 1576)^[248]
April 27 – Louis, Count of Vaudémont, Italian bishop (d. 1528)^[249]
May 17 – Federico II Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua (d. 1540)^[250]
June 13 – Ernest of Bavaria, pledge lord of the County of Glatz (d. 1560)^[251]
July 1 – Federico Cesi (cardinal), Italian cardinal (d. 1565)^[252]
July 20 – Lorenzo Cybo, Italian condottiero (d. 1549)^[253]
August 16 – Louis Gonzaga (Rodomonte), Italian-French dignitary and diplomat (d. 1532)^[254]
September 5 – Maria of Jever, last ruler of the Lordship of Jever (d. 1575)^[255]
September 7 – Sebastian Newdigate, Carthusian monk and martyr (d. 1535)^[256]
September 17 – Sebastiano Antonio Pighini, Italian cardinal (d. 1553)^[257]
October 17 – Alonso de Orozco Mena, Spanish Roman Catholic priest (d. 1591)^[258]
November 3 – Benvenuto Cellini, Italian goldsmith and sculptor (d. 1571)^[259]
December 6 – Nicolaus Mameranus, Luxembourgish soldier and historian (d. 1567)^[260]
probable
- Johannes Aal, Swiss theologian and composer (d. 1553)^[261]
- Charles Dumoulin, French jurist (d. 1566)^[262]
- Wu Cheng'en, Chinese novelist (d. 1582)^[263]
- Heinrich Faber, German music theorist (d. 1552)^[264]
- Francisco de Moraes, Portuguese writer (d. 1572)^[265]
- Jeanne de la Font, French poet and culture patron (d. 1532)^[266]
- Solomon Molcho, Portuguese mystic (d. 1532)^[267]

1501

January 16 – Anthony Denny, confidant of Henry VIII of England (d. 1559)
January 17 – Leonhart Fuchs, German physician and botanist (d. 1566)
January 24 – Jacob Milich, German astronomer and mathematician (d. 1559)
February 24 – Sixt Birck, German humanist (d. 1554)
March 21 – Anne Brooke, Baroness Cobham, English noble (d. 1558)
March 12 – Pietro Andrea Mattioli, Italian scientist (d. 1577)
May 6 – Pope Marcellus II (d. 1555)
May 17 – Stanisław of Masovia, Polish duke (d. 1524)
July 10 – Cho Sik, Korean Confucian scholar and politician (d. 1572)
July 18 – Isabella of Burgundy, queen of Christian II of Denmark (d. 1526)
August 17 – Philipp II, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg (d. 1529)
September 18 – Henry Stafford, 1st Baron Stafford, English baron (d. 1563)
September 24 – Gerolamo Cardano, Italian mathematician, physician, astrologer and gambler (d. 1576)
September 26 – Gian Gabriele I of Saluzzo, Italian abbot, Marquess of Saluzzo (d. 1548)
November 14 – Anna of Oldenburg, Regent of East Frisia from 1540 to 1561 (d. 1575)
December 2 – Queen Munjeong, Korean queen (d. 1565)
date unknown
- Girolamo da Carpi, Italian painter (d. 1556)
- Dawit II of Ethiopia (d. 1540)
- Bauck Poppema, Dutch noble and heroine
- Anne Boleyn, second queen of Henry VIII of England (b. this year or 1507; d. 1536)
- Murakami Yoshikiyo, Japanese nobleman (d. 1573)
probable
- Nicholas Heath, archbishop of York and Lord Chancellor (d. 1578)
- Garcia de Orta, Portuguese physician (d. 1568)
- Hilaire Penet, French composer

1502

January 3 – Yi Hwang, Korean Neo-Confucian scholar (d.1571)
January 7 (Julian) (January 17 Gregorian)– Pope Gregory XIII, born Ugo Boncompagni, Bolognese-born pontiff (d. 1585)^[268]
January 20 – Sebastian de Aparicio, Spanish colonial industrialist and saint in Mexico (d. 1600)
February 2 – Damião de Góis, Portuguese philosopher (d. 1574)
March 4 – Elisabeth of Hesse, Hereditary Princess of Saxony (d. 1557)
March 18 – Philibert of Chalon, French nobleman (d. 1530)
March 20 – Pierino Belli, Italian soldier and jurist (d. 1575)
April 2 – Susanna of Bavaria, German noble of the House of Wittelsbach (d. 1543)
April 10 – Otto Henry, Count Palatine of Neuburg (1505–1559) and Elector Palatine (1556–1559) (d. 1559)
April 25 – Georg Major, German Lutheran theologian (d. 1574)
June 2 – Guillaume Bigot, French writer (d. 1550)
June 6 – King John III of Portugal (d. 1557)^[269]
July 26 – Christian Egenolff, German printer (d. 1555)
July 27 – Francesco Corteccia, Italian composer (d. 1571)
August 14 – Pieter Coecke van Aelst, Flemish painter (d. 1550)
September 14 – Louis II, Count Palatine of Zweibrücken, Duke of Zweibrücken from 1514 to 1532 (d. 1532)
December 6 – Anna of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Duchess consort of Pomerania (d. 1568)
December 13 – George III, Landgrave of Leuchtenberg (d. 1555)
date unknown
- Takeno Jōō, Japanese Sengoku period master of the tea ceremony and merchant (d. 1555)
- Miguel López de Legazpi, Spanish conquistador (d. 1572)
- Pedro Nunes, Portuguese mathematician (d. 1578)
- Francesco Spiera, Italian Protestant jurist (d. 1543)
- Anthony Maria Zaccaria, Cremonese founder of the Barnabite Order and saint (d. 1539)
probable
- Elizabeth Blount, English courtier, mistress of King Henry VIII of England (d. 1540)
- Cuauhtémoc, last Aztec ruler (Tlatoani) of Tenochtitlán and the last "Aztec Emperor" (d. 1525)
- Blaise de Lasseran-Massencôme, seigneur de Montluc, marshal of France (approximate date; d. 1577)
- Hurrem Sultan, Ruthenian-born Haseki sultan of the Ottoman Empire (d. 1558)
- Henry Percy, 6th Earl of Northumberland, English courtier (d. 1537)

1503

January 3 – Al-Mutahhar, Imam of the Zaidi state of Yemen (d. 1572)
January 11 – Parmigianino (Girolamo Francesco Maria Mazzola), Italian artist (d. 1540)^[270]
January 18 – Joachim of Münsterberg-Oels, Duke of Münsterberg, Duke of Oels, Count of Kladsko, Bishop of Brandenburg (d. 1562)^[271]
February 24 – Johann Gropper, German Catholic cardinal (d. 1559)^[272]
March 10 – Ferdinand I, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1564)^[273]
March 11 – George Harper, English politician (d. 1558)^[274]
March 22 – Antonio Francesco Grazzini, Italian writer (d. 1584)^[275]
April 6 – Jacob Micyllus, German humanist (d. 1558)^[276]
April 18 – Henry II of Navarre, King of Navarre (1517–1555) (d. 1555)^[277]
May 1 – Celio Secondo Curione, Italian humanist (d. 1569)^[278]
June 1 – Wilhelm von Grumbach, German adventurer (d. 1567)^[279]
June 28 – Giovanni della Casa, Italian poet (d. 1556)^[280]
June 30 – John Frederick I, Elector of Saxony (d. 1554)^[281]
July 23 – Anne of Bohemia and Hungary, Queen consort of the Romans, Bohemia and Hungary (d. 1547)^[282]
August 12 – Christian III of Denmark and Norway (d. 1559)^[283]
September 10 – Elisabeth of Hesse, Countess Palatine of Zweibrücken, later Countess Palatine of Simmern (d. 1563)^[284]
October 4 – Isabella of Portugal, Queen of Spain (d. 1539)^[285]
November 12 – Philip, Duke of Palatinate-Neuburg, German duke (d. 1548)^[286]
November 13 – Ippolita Gonzaga, Italian nun (d. 1570)
November 17 – Agnolo di Cosimo, Italian artist and poet (d. 1572)^[287]
November 19 – Pier Luigi Farnese, Duke of Parma (d. 1547)^[288]
December 14 – Michel de Nostredame, called Nostradamus, French physician and writer of Les Propheties (1555) (d. 1566)^[289]
December 20 – Cosimo Bartoli, Italian diplomat and writer (d. 1572)^[290]
date unknown
- Lucas David, Prussian historian (d. 1583)^[291]
- Robert Estienne, French printer (d. 1559)^[292]
- John Frith, English Protestant priest and martyr (d. 1533)^[293]
- Susannah Hornebolt, English artist (d. c. 1554)^[294]
- Lakandula, Lakan of Tondo (d. 1589)
- Shimazu Katsuhisa, Japanese nobleman (d. 1573)^[295]^[296]
- Tomé de Sousa, Portuguese nobleman, first general-governor of Brazil (d. 1573 or 1579)^[297]
- Thomas Wyatt, English lyric poet and diplomat (d. 1542)
probable – Nicholas Bourbon, French poet^[298]

1504

January 1 – Caspar Creuziger, German humanist (d. 1548)^[299]
January 17 – Pope Pius V (d. 1572)^[300]
January 28 – Anna II, Princess-Abbess of Quedlinburg, German noblewoman, reigning from 1516 until her death (d. 1574)^[301]
February 3 – Scipione Rebiba, Italian cardinal (d. 1577)^[302]
March 31 – Guru Angad, Indian religious leader (d. 1552)^[303]
April 12 – Alessandro Campeggio, Italian cardinal (d. 1554)^[304]
April 30 – Francesco Primaticcio, Italian painter (d. 1570)^[305]
May 5 – Stanislaus Hosius, Polish cardinal (d. 1579)^[306]
May 29 – Antun Vrančić, Croatian archbishop (d. 1573)^[307]
June 24 – Johannes Mathesius, German theologian (d. 1565)^[308]
July 18 – Heinrich Bullinger, Swiss religious reformer (d. 1575)^[309]
August 1 – Dorothea of Denmark, Duchess of Prussia, Danish princess (d. 1547)^[310]
August 6 – Matthew Parker, English Archbishop of Canterbury (d. 1574)^[311]
September 4 – John V, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst, Prince of Anahlt-Dessau (1516–1544) and Anhalt-Zerbst (1544–1551) (d. 1551)^[312]
September 20 – Philip III, Count of Nassau-Weilburg (d. 1559)^[313]
October 29 – Shin Saimdang, Korean calligraphist and noted poet (d. 1551)
November – Giovanni Battista Giraldi, Italian novelist and poet (d. 1573)
November 13 – Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse (d. 1567)^[314]
December – Nicholas Udall, English playwright and schoolmaster (d. 1556)^[315]
December 31 – Beatrice of Portugal, Duchess of Savoy (d. 1538)^[316]
date unknown
- John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, English Tudor nobleman and politician (executed 1553)^[317]
- Patrick Hamilton, Scottish churchman and Reformer (burned at the stake 1528)^[318]
- Dirk Philips, early Dutch Anabaptist writer and theologian (d. 1568)^[319]

1505

January 12 – Louis, Count of Stolberg, German nobleman (d. 1574)^[320]
January 13 – Joachim II Hector, Elector of Brandenburg, Imperial Elector (d. 1571)^[321]
February 4 – Mikołaj Rej, Polish poet and prose writer, politician and musician of the Renaissance (d. 1569)^[322]
February 5 – Aegidius Tschudi, Swiss historian (d. 1572)^[323]
March 16 – Francisco Balbi di Correggio (d. 1589)^[324]
March 25 – Elizabeth Grey, Viscountess Lisle, English heiress (d. 1519)^[325]
May 20 – Levinus Lemnius, Dutch writer (d. 1568)^[326]
September 15 – Mary of Hungary, Dutch ruler (d. 1558)^[327]
September 23 – Anne de Laval, Viscountess of Thouars, French noblewoman and nominal pretender to the Kingdom of Naples (d. 1554)^[328]
November 3 – Achilles Gasser, German physician and astrologer (d. 1577)^[329]
November 23 – Ercole Gonzaga, Spanish Catholic cardinal (d. 1563)^[330]
December 18 – Philipp von Hutten, German explorer (d. 1546)^[331]
December 21 – Thomas Wriothesley, 1st Earl of Southampton, English politician (d. 1550)^[332]
December 25 – Christine of Saxony, German noble (d. 1549)^[333]
date unknown
- Philip Hoby, English politician (d. 1558)^[334]
- Guillaume Morel, French classical scholar (d. 1564)^[335]
- Margaret Roper, English writer (d. 1544)^[336]
- Shahghali, Khan of Qasim^[337]
probable
- Christopher Tye, English composer and organist (d. 1572)^[338]
- Jane Boleyn, Viscountess Rochford, English noblewoman (executed 1542)^[339]

1506

February – George Buchanan, Scottish humanist scholar (d. 1582)^[340]
February 2 – René de Birague, French cardinal and chancellor (d. 1583)
February 15 – Juliana of Stolberg, German countess (d. 1580)
March 3 – Luís of Portugal, Duke of Beja (d. 1555)
April 7 – Francis Xavier, Spanish Jesuit saint (d. 1552)^[341]
April 13 – Peter Faber, French Jesuit theologian (d. 1546)
July 1 – Louis II of Hungary and Bohemia (d. 1526)
August 12 – Franciscus Sonnius, Dutch counter-Reformation theologian (d. 1576)
October – Louis de Blois, Flemish mystical writer (d. 1566)
December 4 – Thomas Darcy, 1st Baron Darcy of Chiche, English courtier (d. 1558)
December 8 – Veit Dietrich, German theologian, writer and reformer (d. 1549)^[342]
date unknown
- Vicente Masip, Spanish painter (d. 1579)
- William Paget, 1st Baron Paget, English statesman (d. 1563)
- Ii Naomori, Japanese samurai (d. 1560)
probable
- Elizabeth Barton, English nun (d. 1534)
- Margaret Lee, confidante of Queen Anne Boleyn (d. 1543)

1507

January 1 – Anna of Brandenburg, Duchess of Mecklenburg-Güstrow (d. 1567)
January 14
- Catherine of Austria, Queen of Portugal (d. 1578)^[343]
- Luca Longhi, Italian painter (d. 1580)^[344]
January 25 – Johannes Oporinus, Swiss printer (d. 1568)^[345]
February 11 – Philip II, Metropolitan of Moscow, Russian Orthodox monk (d. 1569)^[346]
February 21 – James, Duke of Rothesay, Scottish prince (d. 1508)^[347]
March 7 – Magdalena of Saxony (d. 1534)^[348]
March 25 – Thomas White, English politician (d. 1566)^[349]
March 29 – Henry II, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels and Count of Glatz (d. 1548)^[350]
April 13 – Konrad Hubert, German theologian and hymnwriter (d. 1577)
May 9 – Tijmen Groenewegen, Dutch politician
June 5 – Ferdinand of Portugal, Duke of Guarda and Trancoso, Portuguese nobleman (d. 1534)^[351]
June 6 – Annibale Caro, Italian poet and Knight of Malta (d. 1566)^[352]
June 25 – Marie of Baden-Sponheim, duchess consort of Bavaria (d. 1580)^[353]
July 25 – Chamaraja Wodeyar IV, King of Mysore (d. 1576)^[354]
August 2 – William Waldegrave, English Member of Parliament (d. 1554)^[355]
August 15 – George III, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, German prince (d. 1553)^[356]
September 16 – Jiajing Emperor of China (d. 1567)
September 27 – Guillaume Rondelet, French physician (d. 1566)^[357]
October 1
- Johannes Sturm, German educator (d. 1589)^[358]
- Giacomo Barozzi da Vignola, Italian architect (d. 1573)^[359]
October 4 – Francis Bigod, British noble (d. 1537)^[360]
October 19 – Viglius, Dutch politician (d. 1577)^[361]
October 26 – Alvise I Mocenigo, Doge of Venice (d. 1577)^[362]
October 29 – Fernando Alvarez de Toledo, Spanish general (d. 1582)^[363]
November 25 – Joos de Damhouder, Belgian jurist (d. 1581)^[364]
December 18 – Ōuchi Yoshitaka, Japanese warlord (d. 1551)
date unknown
- Bálint Bakfark, Hungarian composer (d. 1576)^[365]
- Sir Ralph Sadler, English statesman (d. 1587)^[366]
probable
- Jacques Arcadelt, Franco-Flemish composer (d. 1568)^[367]
- Inés Suárez, Spanish conquistadora (d. 1580)^[368]
possible
- Anne Boleyn, second queen of Henry VIII (b. this year or 1501; d. 1536)^[369]

1508

February 17 – Bernardo Salviati, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1568)^[370]
March 6 – Mirza Nasir-ud-Din Muhammad, emperor of the Mughal Empire (d. 1556)^[371]
April 3 – Jean Daurat, French writer and scholar (d. 1588)
April 5 – Ercole II d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Italian noble (d. 1559)^[372]
April 23 – Georg Sabinus, German writer (d. 1560)^[373]
May 8 – Charles Wriothesley, English Officer of Arms (d. 1562)^[374]
June 8 or June 9 – Primož Trubar, Slovenian Protestant reformer who lays the foundations for the Slovenian written language (d. 1586)^[375]
June 12 – Hedwig of Münsterberg-Oels, German noble (d. 1531)^[376]
June 13 – Alessandro Piccolomini, Italian humanist and philosopher from Siena (d. 1579)^[377]
June 29 – Balthasar of Hanau-Münzenberg, German nobleman (d. 1534)^[378]
September 19 – Maria Paleologa, Italian noblewoman (d. 1530)
September 23 – Simon Sulzer, Swiss theologian (d. 1585)^[379]
September 25 – Francisco Mendoza de Bobadilla, Spanish Catholic cardinal (d. 1566)^[380]
November 23 – Francis, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, youngest son of Henry the Middle (d. 1549)^[381]
November 26 – Cristofano Gherardi, Italian painter (d. 1556)^[382]
November 30 – Andrea Palladio, Italian architect (d. 1580)^[383]
December 8 – Gemma Frisius, Dutch mathematician and cartographer (d. 1555)^[384]
December 21 – Thomas Naogeorgus, German playwright (d. 1563)^[385]
December 24 – Pietro Carnesecchi, Italian humanist (d. 1567)^[386]
date unknown
- Livio Agresti, Italian painter (d. 1580)^[387]
- Matsunaga Hisahide, Japanese daimyo (d. 1577)
- Marin Držić, Croatian playwright (d. 1567)^[388]
possible
- Jane Seymour, third queen of Henry VIII (d. 1537)^[389]

1509

January 2 – Henry of Stolberg, German nobleman (d. 1572)^[390]
January 3 – Gian Girolamo Albani, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1591)^[391]
January 25 – Giovanni Morone, Italian Catholic cardinal (d. 1580)^[392]
February 2 – John of Leiden, Dutch Anabaptist leader (d. 1536)^[393]
February 10 – Vidus Vidius, Italian surgeon and anatomist (d. 1569)^[394]
March 25 – Girolamo Dandini, Italian Cardinal^[395]
March 27 – Wolrad II, Count of Waldeck-Eisenberg, German nobleman (d. 1578)^[396]^[397]
April 23 – Afonso of Portugal, Portuguese Roman Catholic cardinal (d. 1540)^[398]
July 4 – Magnus III of Mecklenburg-Schwerin, German Lutheran bishop of the Prince-Bishopric of Schwerin (d. 1550)^[399]
July 10 – John Calvin, French religious reformer (d. 1564)^[400]
July 25 – Philip II, Count of Nassau-Saarbrücken, German nobleman (d. 1554)^[401]
August 3 – Étienne Dolet, French scholar and printer (d. 1546)^[402]
August 7 – Joachim I, Prince of Anhalt-Dessau, German prince (d. 1561)^[403]
August 25 – Ippolito II d'Este, Italian cardinal and statesman (d. 1572)^[404]
October 20 – Arthur Stewart, Duke of Rothesay, Scottish prince (d. 1510)^[405]
November 4 – John, Duke of Münsterberg-Oels, Polish-German nobleman (d. 1565)^[406]
November 7 – Bernardino Telesio, Italian philosopher and natural scientist (d. 1588)^[407]

Anneke Esaiasdochter, Dutch Anabaptist (d. 1539)^[408]
Élie Vinet, French humanist (d. 1587)^[409]
François de Scépeaux, French governor (d. 1571)^[410]
François Douaren, French jurist (d. 1559)^[411]
Gonzalo Jiménez de Quesada, Spanish conquistador (d. 1579)^[412]
Guillaume Le Testu, French privateer (d. 1573)^[413]
John Erskine of Dun, Scottish religious reformer (d. 1591)^[414]
Naoe Kagetsuna, Japanese Clan Officer (d. 1577)^[415]
Stanisław Odrowąż, Polish nobleman (d. 1545)^[416]

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Deaths

1500

February 17 – William III, Landgrave of Hesse (b. 1471)^[417]
April 10 – Michael Tarchaniota Marullus, Greek scholar, poet and soldier (b. c. 1453)^[418]
April 12 – Leonhard of Gorizia, Count of Gorz (b. 1440)^[419]
May 29
- Bartolomeu Dias, Portuguese explorer (b. c. 1450)^[420]
- Thomas Rotherham, English cleric and minister (b. 1423)^[421]
June 19 – Edmund Tudor, Duke of Somerset, English nobleman (b. 1499)^[422]
June 23 – Lodovico Lazzarelli, Italian poet (b. 1447)^[423]

July 14 – Íñigo López de Mendoza y Luna, 2nd Duke of the Infantado, Spanish noble (b. 1438)^[424]
July 19 – Miguel da Paz, Prince of Portugal (b. 1498)^[425]
August 18 – Alfonso of Aragon, prince (b. 1481)^[426]
August 26 – Philipp I, Count of Hanau-Münzenberg, German noble (b. 1449)^[427]
August 30 – Victor, Duke of Münsterberg and Opava, Count of Glatz (b. 1443)^[428]
September 12 – Albert III, Duke of Saxony (b. 1443)^[429]
September 15 – John Morton, English Archbishop of Canterbury (b. c. 1420)^[430]
October 1 – John Alcock, English Bishop of Ely (b. c. 1430)^[431]
October 21 – Emperor Go-Tsuchimikado of Japan (b. 1442)
November 13 – Philip, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen, German prince (b. 1468)
date unknown – Antonia of Savoy, Lady Consort of Monaco^[432]

Probable

Juan Pérez de Gijón, Spanish composer (b. 1460)
Stefano Infessura, Italian humanist writer (b. c. 1435)^[433]
Fyodor Kuritsyn, Russian statesman, philosopher and poet^[434]
Nyai Gede Pinateh, Javanese merchant (b. c. 1450)

1501

January 3 – Ali-Shir Nava'i, Central Asian poet, politician and writer (b. 1441)
January 5 – John Dynham, 1st Baron Dynham, English baron and Lord High Treasurer (b. 1433)
January 25 – Margaret of Bavaria, Electress Palatine, Princess of Bavaria-Landshut (b. 1456)
February 1 – Sigismund, Duke of Bavaria, German noble (b. 1439)
March 4 – Thihathura II of Ava (b. 1474)
April – John Doget, English diplomat
April 7 – Minkhaung II, king of Ava (b. 1446)
April 23 – Domenico della Rovere, Italian Catholic cardinal (b. 1442)
May 3 – John Devereux, 9th Baron Ferrers of Chartley, English baron (b. 1463)
May 7 – Giovanni Battista Zeno, Italian Catholic cardinal
May 20 – Columba of Rieti, Italian Dominican tertiary Religious Sister and blessed (b. 1467)
June 8 – George Gordon, 2nd Earl of Huntly, Earl of Huntly and Lord Chancellor of Scotland (b. 1440)
June 17 – John I Albert of Poland (b. 1459)

August 15 – Constantine Lascaris, Greek scholar and grammarian
September 20
- Agostino Barbarigo, Doge of Venice
- Thomas Grey, 1st Marquess of Dorset, stepson of Edward IV of England (b. 1457)
September 26 – Džore Držić, Croatian poet and playwright (b. 1461)
September 29 – Andrew Stewart, Scottish bishop (b. 1442)
November 19 – Amalia of Saxony, Duchess of Bavaria-Landshut (b. 1436)
probable – Gaspar Corte-Real, Portuguese explorer (b. 1450)

1502

February 18 – Hedwig Jagiellon, Duchess of Bavaria (b. 1457)
March – Francesco Laurana, Dalmatian-born sculptor (b. c. 1430)
March 2 – Jan I Carondelet, Burgundian jurist and politician (b. 1428)
April 2 – Arthur, Prince of Wales, English prince, eldest son of Henry VII of England (b. 1486)^[435]
April 15 – John IV of Chalon-Arlay, Prince of Orange (1475–1502) (b. 1443)
April 20 – Mary of Looz-Heinsberg, Dutch noble (b. 1424)
May 4 – Berthold II of Landsberg, Bishop of Verden (1470–1502) and Hildesheim (1481–1502) (b. 1464)
May 6 – James Tyrrell, English knight, alleged murderer of the princes in the Tower (executed) (b. c. 1450)
June 9 – Astorre III Manfredi, Italian noble (b. 1485)

July 15 – Luka Radovanović, Catholic priest (b. 1425)
August 18 – Knut Alvsson, Norwegian nobleman and politician (b. 1455)
August 31 – Thomas Wode, Lord Chief Justice of the Common Pleas
September 1 – Sōgi, Japanese Buddhist priest and poet (b. 1421)
October 14 – Diego Hurtado de Mendoza y Quiñones, Spanish noble (b. 1444)
November 10 – George I of Münsterberg, Imperial Prince, Duke of Münsterberg and Oels, Graf von Glatz (b. 1470)
November 13 – Annio da Viterbo, Italian Dominican friar and scholar (b. 1432)
December 31
- Oliverotto Euffreducci, Italian politician (b. 1475)
- Vitellozzo Vitelli, Italian condottiero (b. c. 1458)
date unknown
- Ahuitzotl, Aztec ruler of Tenochtitlan
- Giustina Rocca, Italian Renaissance lawyer, judge and diplomat
- Octavien de Saint-Gelais, French churchman, poet and translator (b. 1468)
- Gwerful Mechain, Welsh erotic poet (b. c. 1460?)^[436]

1503

January 20 – Ludmila of Poděbrady, Regent of the duchies of Brzeg and Oława (1488–1503) (b. 1456)^[437]
February 11 – Elizabeth of York, queen of Henry VII of England (b. 1466)^[438]
February 23 – Annamacharya, Indian mystic saint composer (b. 1408)^[439]
March 14 – Frederick Jagiellon, Primate of Poland (b. 1468)^[440]
March 16 – Edward Story, Bishop of Carlisle and Chichester^[441]
April 7 – Sophia Palaiologina, Byzantine princess and Grand Princess of Moscow (b. 1449)^[442]
May 20 – Lorenzo di Pierfrancesco de' Medici, Italian patron of the arts (b. 1463)^[443]
June 2 – Clara Gonzaga, Italian noble (b. 1464)^[444]
July 3 – Pierre d'Aubusson, Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes (b. 1423)^[445]
July 12 – Sophie of Mecklenburg, Duchess of Mecklenburg, Duchess of Saxony (b. 1481)^[446]
July 24 – Louise of Savoy, Nun (b. 1461)^[447]
August 5 – Reginald Bray, British courtier (b. 1440)^[448]
August 12 – Anna Jagiellon, Duchess of Pomerania, Polish princess (b. 1476)^[449]
August 18 – Pope Alexander VI (b. 1431)^[450]
September 5 – Margaret of Hanau-Münzenberg, German noblewoman (b. 1471)^[451]
October 10 – Peter II, Duke of Bourbon (b. 1438)^[452]
October 18 – Pope Pius III (b. c. 1439)^[453]
November 17 – Bona of Savoy, Duchess of Savoy (b. 1449)^[454]
November 23 – Margaret of York, Duchess consort of Burgundy, spouse of Charles I, Duke of Burgundy (b. 1446)^[455]
December 1 – George, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1455)^[456]
December 14 – Sten Sture the Elder, regent of Sweden (1470–1497 and 1501–1503) (b. 1440)^[457]
December 28 – Piero di Lorenzo de' Medici, exiled ruler of Florence (drowned) (b. 1472)^[458]
date unknown
- Richard Amerike, English merchant and patron of John Cabot (b. 1445)^[459]
- Anacaona, Taino queen and poet (b. 1474)^[460]

1504

January 9 – Gaspare Nadi, Italian builder (b. 1418)^[461]
January 27 – Ludovico II, Marquess of Saluzzo (b. 1438)^[462]
February 17 – Eberhard II, Duke of Württemberg (b. 1447)^[463]
April 15 – Filippino Lippi, Italian painter (b. 1457)^[464]
May 31 – Engelbert II of Nassau (b. 1451)^[465]
June – Lê Hiến Tông, Emperor of the Lê Dynasty^[91]
June 19 – Bernhard Walther, German astronomer and humanist (b. 1430)^[466]
July 2 – Stephen the Great, Prince of Moldova (b. 1434)^[467]
July 29 – Thomas Stanley, 1st Earl of Derby (b. 1435)^[468]
August 15 or August 18 – Domenico Maria Novara da Ferrara, Italian astronomer (b. 1454)^[469]
August 20 – Ruprecht of the Palatinate (Bishop of Freising) (b. 1481)^[470]
August 22 – Philipp II, Count of Hanau-Lichtenberg (1489–1503) (b. 1462)^[471]
August 28 – John Paston, English gentleman known from the Paston Letters (b. 1444)^[472]
September 10 – Philibert II, Duke of Savoy (b. 1480)^[473]
September 15 – Elisabeth of Bavaria (b. 1478)^[474]
September 22 – Jan II the Mad, Duke of Żagań (1439–1449 and 1461–1468 and again in 1472) (b. 1435)^[475]
September 24 – Bartolomeo della Rocca ("Cocles"), Italian astrologer (b. 1467)^[476]
October 12 – John Corvinus, Hungarian noble (b. 1473)^[477]
November 9 – King Frederick IV of Naples (b. 1452)
November 26 – Queen Isabella I of Castile (b. 1451)^[104]
December – Lê Túc Tông, Emperor of the Lê Dynasty^[91]
December 21 – Berthold von Henneberg, German archbishop and elector (b. 1442)^[478]
date unknown
- Abdal-Karim Khan Astrakhani, Khan of Astrakhan
- Abu Abdallah IV, Sultan of Tlemcen
- Abu Abd Allah al-Sheikh Muhammad ibn Yahya, first Wattasid Sultan of Morocco and King of Fez^[479]
- Éamonn Mág Samhradháin, Lord of Tullyhaw
- Fathullah Imad-ul-Mulk, Indian-born founder of the Berar Sultanate^[480]
- Qasim Barid I, founder of the Bidar Sultanate^[481]
- Vira Ravi Ravi Varma, Raja of Venad
- Choe Bu, Korean official and venturer to China (b. 1454)^[482]

1505

January 25 – Ercole I d'Este, Duke of Ferrara, Italian politician (b. 1431)^[483]
February 4 – Jeanne de Valois, French princess, Roman Catholic nun and saint (b. 1464)^[484]
February 19 – Matilda of Hesse, German noblewoman (b. 1473)^[485]
February 20 – Arvid Trolle, Swedish politician (b. 1440)^[486]
March 5 – Philip of Cleves, Bishop of Nevers, Amiens, Autun (b. 1467)^[487]
March 29 – Sidonie of Bavaria, eldest daughter of Duke Albrecht IV of Bavaria-Munich (b. 1488)^[488]
April 23 – Muhammad Jaunpuri, Indian-born religious leader (b. 1443)^[489]
May 28 – Ascanio Sforza, Italian Roman Catholic cardinal (b. 1455)^[490]
June 8 – Hongzhi Emperor of China (b. 1470)
June 18 – Osanna of Mantua, Italian Dominican tertiary and blessed (b. 1449)^[491]
July – Jacob Obrecht, Flemish composer (plague) (b. 1457)^[492]
October 27 – Emperor Ivan III of Russia (b. 1440)^[493]
date unknown
- Adam of Fulda, German music writer (b. c. 1445)^[494]
- Heinrich Kramer, German churchman and inquisitor (b. 1430)^[495]

1506

January 21 – Johann IV Roth, German Roman Catholic bishop (b. 1426)
May 4 – Sultan Husayn Mirza Bayqara, Timurid ruler of Herat (b. 1438)
May 20 – Christopher Columbus, Italian explorer (b. c.1451)^[496]
August 15 – Alexander Agricola, Flemish composer (b. c. 1445)
August 19 – King Alexander Jagiellon of Poland (b. 1461)
September 13 – Andrea Mantegna, Italian painter and engraver (b. 1432)
September 25 – King Philip I of Castile (b. 1478)
September 30 – Beatrice, Duchess of Viseu, Portuguese infante (b. 1430)
November 8 – Edward Hastings, 2nd Baron Hastings, English noble (b. 1466)
November 20 – Yeonsangun of Joseon, king of Korean Joseon Dynasty (b. 1476)
November 21 – Engelbert, Count of Nevers, younger son of John I (b. 1462)
date unknown – Mihri Hatun, Ottoman poet

1507

January 17 – Henry IV of Neuhaus (b. 1442)^[497]
March 12 – Cesare Borgia, Italian general and statesman. (b. 1475)^[498]
March 21 – Jan Feliks "Szram" Tarnowski, Polish nobleman (b. 1471)
April 1 – Sigismondo d'Este, Italian nobleman (b. 1433)^[499]
April 2 – Francis of Paola, Italian founder of the Order of the Minims (b. 1416)^[500]
July 5 – Crinitus, Italian humanist (b. 1475)^[501]
July 8 – Anna Notaras, Byzantine noblewoman (b. 1436)^[502]
July 29 – Martin Behaim, German navigator and geographer (b. 1459)^[503]
August 15 – John V, Duke of Saxe-Lauenburg (b. 1439)^[504]
August 23 – Jean Molinet, French writer (b. 1435)^[505]
August 24 – Cecily of York, English princess (b. 1469)^[506]
December – Ingeborg Tott, influential Swedish noblewoman, spouse of Swedish regent Sten Sture the elder^[507]
Date unknown – Agnes Jónsdóttir, Icelandic abbess (b. year unknown)^[508]

1508

February – Robert Lauder of the Bass, governor of Berwick-on-Tweed (b. c. 1440)
February 4 – Conrad Celtes, German humanist (b. 1459)^[509]
February 16 – Giovanni II Bentivoglio, tyrant of Bologna (b. 1443)^[510]
February 27 – James, Duke of Rothesay, heir to the throne of Scotland (b. 1507)^[511]
February 28 – Philip, Elector Palatine (b. 1448)^[512]
March 18 – Albert IV, Duke of Bavaria (b. 1447)^[513]
March – Lourenço de Almeida, Portuguese explorer^[514]
April 10 – Guidobaldo da Montefeltro, Italian condottiero (b. 1472)^[515]
May 21 – Giles Daubeney, 1st Baron Daubeney (b. 1451)^[516]
May 27 – Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan (b. 1452)^[517]
June 6 – Ercole Strozzi, Italian poet (b. 1473)^[518]
June 15 – Bernard Stewart, 4th Lord of Aubigny (b. c. 1452)^[519]
July 28 or July 29 – Robert Blackadder, Bishop of Glasgow^[520]
July 31 – Na'od, Emperor of Ethiopia (in battle)^[197]
August 3 – Raphael de Mercatellis, abbot and bibliophile (b. 1437)
September 23 – Beatrice of Naples, queen consort of Hungary (b. 1457)^[521]
October 10 – János Thurzó, Hungarian businessman (b. 1437)^[522]
October 18 – Patrick Hepburn, 1st Earl of Bothwell, Lord High Admiral of Scotland^[523]
October 23 – Edmund de Ros, 10th Baron de Ros, English politician (b. 1446)
November 25 – Ursula of Brandenburg, Duchess of Münsterberg-Oels and Countess of Glatz (b. 1450)^[524]
December 10 – René II, Duke of Lorraine (b. 1451)^[525]
December 16 – Henry the Younger of Stolberg, Stadtholder of Friesland (1506–1508) (b. 1467)^[526]
December 22 – Eric II, Duke of Mecklenburg (b. 1483)
date unknown
- Isaac Abravanel, Portuguese statesman, philosopher and theologian (b. 1437)^[527]
- Mahmud Khan (Moghul Khan), Khan of Tashkent^[528]
- Micheletto Corella, Valencian condottieri
- Damkhat Reachea, emperor of Cambodia^[529]
- Ahmad al-Wansharisi, North African Islamic jurist and theologian^[530]

1509

January – Adam Kraft, German sculptor and architect (b. circa 1460)^[531]
January 27 – John I, Count Palatine of Simmern, German nobleman (b. 1459)^[532]
March 14 – Giovanni Antonio Sangiorgio, Italian cardinal (b. unknown)^[533]
April 21 – Henry VII of England, King of England and Lord of Ireland (b. 1457)^[534]
April 27 – Margaret of Brandenburg, German abbess of the Poor Clares monastery at Hof (b. 1453)^[535]
May 28 – Caterina Sforza, Italian countess of Forlì (b. 1463)^[536]
June 29 – Margaret Beaufort, Countess of Richmond and Derby, mother of Henry VII of England (b. 1443)^[537]
July 11 – William II, Landgrave of Hesse, German nobleman (b. 1469)^[538]
July 16
- Joao da Nova, Portuguese explorer (b. 1460)^[539]
- Mikalojus Radvila the Old, Lithuanian nobleman (b. circa 1450)^[540]
July 28 – Ignatius Noah of Lebanon, Syriac Orthodox patriarch of Antioch (b. 1451).^[541]
December 1 – Lê Uy Mục, 8th king of the later Lê Dynasty of Vietnam (b. 1488)^[542]

Dmitry Ivanovich, Russian Grand Prince (b. 1483)^[543]
Eleanor de Poitiers, Burgundian courter and writer (b. circa 1444)^{[citation needed]}
Hans Seyffer, German sculptor and woodcarver (b. circa 1460)^[544]
Shen Zhou, Chinese painter (b. 1427)^[545]
Viranarasimha Raya, Indian ruler of the Vijayanagar Empire (b. unknown)^[546]

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