Year 1141 (MCXLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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- February 2 – The Anarchy in the Kingdom of England – Battle of Lincoln: Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester and Empress Matilda wrest control of the throne of England from King Stephen, who is captured and imprisoned.[1][2][3]
- February 13 – Géza II is crowned King of Hungary and Croatia at age 11, succeeding his father.[4][5]
- May 14 – Sephardi Jewish philosopher Judah Halevi sets off from Alexandria on a pilgrimage to Palestine.[6][7][8]
- September 9 – Battle of Qatwan: Yelü Dashi, founder of the Qara Khitai, defeats the Seljuk Empire and Kara-Khanid forces.[9][10][11]
- September 14 – The Anarchy in the Kingdom of England – Rout of Winchester: Empress Matilda returns to the throne, after Robert is captured by loyalist forces.[12][13][14]
- November 1 – The Anarchy in the Kingdom of England – Robert, 1st Earl of Gloucester is exchanged by Empress Matilda for King Stephen, who reassumes the throne of England.[15][16][17]
- November – The Jin dynasty and Southern Song dynasty sign the Treaty of Shaoxing, and peace in the Jin–Song Wars lasts for the next twenty years. The Huai River is established as the boundary between them.[18][19][20]
- The first German colonists (the future Transylvanian Saxon community) arrive in Transylvania, following grants by Geza II of Hungary. The colonization process is completed in 1162.[21][22][23]
- The Italian winemaking company Ricasoli is founded.[24][25]
- February 11 – Hugh of Saint Victor, Saxon philosopher, theologian and mystic (b. c. 1078)[34][35][36]
- February 13 – Béla II, King of Hungary and Croatia (b. c. 1109)[37][38][39]
- April 12 or April 13 – Engelbert, Duke of Carinthia[40][41][42]
- May – Aubrey de Vere II, Lord Great Chamberlain of England (b. 1062)[43][44]
- June 10 – Richenza of Northeim, German empress (b. c. 1087/89)[45][46][47]
- October 18 – Leopold, Duke of Bavaria (b. c. 1108)[48][49][50]
- Sheikh Ahmad-e Jami, Persian Sufi writer, mystic and poet (b. 1048)[51][52][53]
- Judah Halevi, Sephardi Jewish philosopher and poet (b. c. 1075)[54][55][56]
- Alberich of Reims, Archbishop of Bourges (b. 1085)[57][58][59]
Brann, Ross (2006). Menocal, María Rosa; Scheindlin, Raymond P.; Sells, Michael (eds.). The Literature of Al-Andalus. Cambridge, UK and New York: Cambridge University Press. p. 273. ISBN 9780521030236. For example, in four poems written in 1141 as the anxious pilgrim awaited favorable gusts to take him by ship from Alexandria to the coast of northern Palestine
Goitein, Shelomo Dov (1959). "The Biography of Rabbi Judah Ha-Levi in the Light of the Cairo Geniza Documents". Proceedings of the American Academy for Jewish Research. 28: 41–56. doi:10.2307/3622446. ISSN 0065-6798. JSTOR 3622446. Sinor, D. (1999). "The Kitan and the Kara Khitay". In Asimov, Muchamed Sajfutdinovič; Bosworth, C. E. (eds.). History of Civilizations of Central Asia. Vol. IV: The Age of Achievement A.D. 750 to the End of the Fifteenth Century (Part One: The historical, social and economic setting). Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers Private Limited. p. 238. ISBN 9788120815957. Hamilton, Alastair (January 1, 2016). "Prester John. The Legend and its Sources, written by Keagan Brewer (editor and translator)". Church History and Religious Culture. 96 (3): 379–380. doi:10.1163/18712428-09603008. ISSN 1871-2428. Lancelott, Francis (1859). "Matilda of Bolougne, Queen of Stephen". The Queens of England and Their Times: From Matilda, Queen of William the Conqueror, to Adelaide, Queen of William the Fourth. Vol. I. New York: D. Appleton and Company. pp. 53–54. Crouch, David (January 1, 1988). "Earl William of Gloucester and the end of the Anarchy: new evidence relating to the honor of Eudo Dapifer". The English Historical Review. CIII (CCCCVI): 69–75. doi:10.1093/ehr/CIII.CCCCVI.69. ISSN 0013-8266. Liu, Shi-Yee (January 2010). "Epitome of National Disgrace: A Painting Illuminating Song-Jin Diplomatic Relations". Metropolitan Museum Journal. 45: 55–82. doi:10.1086/met.45.41558052. ISSN 0077-8958. S2CID 155655394. It was not until the autumn of 1141, after the Song army had scored a few significant victories, that the two states began negotiating a peace treaty, which was completed in October 1142. Although this Peace Treaty of the Shaoxing Era (Shaoxing heyi) ended the ravaging decade-long military conflict, the Song empire was degraded to a vassal state of the Jin in a hierarchical relationship defined as minister to ruler.
Vardy, Steven Bela (February 1, 1991). "Z. J. Kosztolnyik. From Coloman the Learned to Béla III (1095–1196): Hungarian Domestic Policies and Their Impact upon Foreign Affairs. (East European Monographs, number 220) Boulder, Colo.: East European Monographs; distributed by Columbia University Press, New York. 1987. Pp. 356. $38.00". The American Historical Review. 96 (1): 205–206. doi:10.1086/ahr/96.1.205. ISSN 0002-8762. Oexle, Otto (1993). "Lignage et parenté, politique et religion dans la noblesse du XIIe s. : l'evangéliaire de Henri le Lion". Cahiers de Civilisation Médiévale. 36 (144): 339–354. doi:10.3406/ccmed.1993.2568. Richenza de Northeim (t 1141)
Stegmüller, F. (1939). "Sententiae Berolinenses: Eine neugefundene Sentenzensammlung aus der Schule des Anselm von Laon". Recherches de Théologie Ancienne et Médiévale. 11: 33–61. ISSN 0034-1266. JSTOR 26184102.