Prajnaparamita
Principle in Mahayana Buddhism and the texts associated with it / From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Prajñāpāramitā (Sanskrit: प्रज्ञापारमिता) means "the Perfection of Wisdom" or "Transcendental Knowledge" in Mahāyāna. Prajñāpāramitā refers to a perfected way of seeing the nature of reality, as well as to a particular body of Mahāyāna scriptures (sūtras) which discusses this wisdom.
Translations of Prajñāpāramitā | |
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English | Perfection of Transcendent Wisdom |
Sanskrit | प्रज्ञापारमिता (IAST: Prajñāpāramitā) |
Burmese | ပညာပါရမီတ (MLCTS: pjɪ̀ɰ̃ɲà pàɹəmìta̰) |
Chinese | 般若波羅蜜多 (Pinyin: bōrě bōluómìduō) |
Japanese | 般若波羅蜜多 (Rōmaji: hannya-haramitta) |
Khmer | ប្រាជ្ញាបារមី (UNGEGN: prachnhéabarômi) |
Korean | 반야바라밀다 (RR: Banyabaramilda) |
Mongolian | Төгөлдөр билгүүн |
Sinhala | ප්රඥා පාරමිතා |
Tibetan | ་ཤེས་རབ་ཀྱི་ཕ་རོལ་ཏུ་ཕྱིན་པ་ (shes rab kyi pha rol tu phyin pa) |
Thai | ปรัชญาปารมิตา |
Vietnamese | Bát-nhã-ba-la-mật-đa |
Glossary of Buddhism |
Prajñāpāramitā may also refer to the female deity Prajñāpāramitā Devi, a personification of the perfection wisdom also known as the "Great Mother" (Tibetan: Yum Chenmo) who was widely depicted in South Asian Buddhist art.[1]
The word Prajñāpāramitā combines the Sanskrit words prajñā "wisdom" (or "knowledge") with pāramitā "perfection" or "transcendent". Prajñāpāramitā is a central concept in Mahāyāna Buddhism and is generally associated with ideas such as emptiness (śūnyatā), 'lack of svabhāva' (essence), the illusory (māyā) nature of things, how all phenomena are characterized by "non-arising" (anutpāda, i.e. unborn) and the madhyamaka thought of Nāgārjuna.[2][3] Its practice and understanding are taken to be indispensable elements of the Bodhisattva path.
According to Edward Conze, the Prajñāpāramitā Sūtras are "a collection of about forty texts ... composed somewhere on the Indian subcontinent between approximately 100 BC and AD 600."[4] Some Prajnāpāramitā sūtras are thought to be among the earliest Mahāyāna sūtras.[5][6]