List of driverless train systems

This is a list of driverless train systems, which are capable of GoA3 and GoA4 (GoA3+) according to the Grade of Automation classifications specified by the standard IEC 62290‐1. These are explained diagrammatically by the UITP. This list focuses heavily on trains in the classical sense used for large-scale railways for passengers and freight but does include a few people mover systems. For a similar list for GoA2, see list of semi-automatic train systems.

Grade-of-Automation 3 systems

These systems are capable of driverless train operation (DTO), although some operators may choose to staff trains anyway.

GoA3 – Americas

Whereas Docklands Light Railway trains are driverless and do not have a separate cab, there is provision for manual operation

Country/region	Name of system	Line	Date	System	Notes
Brazil	Salvador Metro	Line 1	2014	SelTrac[1]	[lower-alpha 1]
		Line 2	2016
	São Paulo Metro	Line 3 (Red)	2009+[2]	ATO[citation needed]	[lower-alpha 2]
United States	Walt Disney World Monorail System		2016	SelTrac

GoA3 – Asia

Country/region	Name of system	Line	Date	System	Notes
China (Mainland)	Beijing Subway	Capital Airport Express	19 July 2008	Alstom Urbalis 400
	Shanghai Pudong Airport APM		16 September 2019	FITSCO JeRail
	Shanghai Metro	Line 5	June 2018	Thales, Shanghai Electric TSTCBTC2.0	Initially operated in GoA1 (Manual operation) [lower-alpha 3][4]
		Line 17	30 December 2017	CASCO TRANAVI	[5]
	Wuhan Metro	Yangluo line	26 December 2017	CASCO	[6]
Indonesia	Soekarno–Hatta Airport Skytrain		2020	SiLSafe 5000	[lower-alpha 4]
Japan	Disney Resort Line		27 July 2001
Pakistan	Lahore Metro	Orange Line	25 October 2020	CASCO (Alstom)
Singapore	Sentosa Express		November 2017	Hitachi Moving Block Wireless CBTC

GoA3 – Europe

Country/region	Name of system	Line	Date	System	Notes
Hungary	Budapest Metro	Line 2	2013	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC	[lower-alpha 5]
Spain	Barcelona Metro	Line 11	2009	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
United Kingdom	Docklands Light Railway		31 August 1987	SelTrac	[lower-alpha 6]

Grade-of-Automation 4 systems

These systems are capable of unattended train operation (UTO), although some operators may choose to staff trains anyway.

GoA4 – Americas

GTAA LINK

Country/region	Name of system	Line	Date	System	Notes
Brazil	Porto Alegre Metro	Metro-Airport Connection	10 August 2013	Aeromovel
	São Paulo Metro	Line 1 (Blue)	3 July 2022	Alstom Urbalis CBTC	[7]
		Line 2 (Green)	2 March 2020
		Line 3 (Red)	December 2022 (Under Conversion)
		Line 4 (Yellow)	25 May 2010	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC	First completely driverless metro line in Latin America.[8]
		Line 5 (Lilac)	12 March 2017	Bombardier CITYFLO 650	[lower-alpha 7]
		Line 15 (Silver)	30 August 2014	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Canada	LINK Train		6 July 2006	DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
	SkyTrain (Vancouver)	Expo Line	11 December 1985	SelTrac	The longest driverless network in the Americas, at 79.6 km.[9]
		Millennium Line	7 January 2002
		Canada Line	17 August 2009
	REM (Réseau Express Metropolitain)		31 July 2023 (Partially opened; rest of the line under construction)	Alstom Urbalis 400
Chile	Santiago Metro	Line 3	22 January 2019	Thales SelTrac	[10]
		Line 6	2 November 2017
Mexico	Aerotrén		2007	DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Peru	Lima Metro	Line 2	21 December 2023	AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC	[11]
United States	AeroTrain		20 January 2010	Mitsubishi Crystal Mover[12] / Thales SelTrac[13]
	Airport Transit System		6 May 1993	VAL system
	AirTrain JFK		17 December 2003	SelTrac
	AirTrain Newark		31 May 1996	SelTrac
	AirTrain SFO		24 February 2003	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
	Aria Express		1 December 2009	DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
	Bay Area Rapid Transit	Oakland Airport Connector	22 November 2014	DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
	Cincinnati Airport People Mover		9 June 1994	Otis Hovair
	Detroit People Mover		31 July 1987	SelTrac	[14]
	DFW Skylink		21 May 2005	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
	DIA Automated Guideway Transit		28 February 1995	Bombardier CITYFLO 550
	ExpressTram		24 February 2002	Otis Hovair
	George Bush Intercontinental Airport People Movers	Skyway	24 May 1999	Bombardier CITYFLO 550
		Subway	1969	WEDway	[lower-alpha 8]
	Getty Center Tram		1997	Otis Hovair
	Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport People Movers	The Plane Train	21 September 1980	Bombardier CITYFLO 550
		ATL Skytrain	8 December 2009	Mitsubishi Crystal Mover[15] / Kyosan[16]
	Skyline (Honolulu)		30 June 2023	Hitachi Rail Italy Driverless Metro / DTG	[17]
	Huntsville Hospital Tram System		19 June 2002	Otis Hovair
	Jacksonville Skyway		1989	SelTrac
	Las Vegas Monorail		2004	SelTrac
	Mandalay Bay Tram		9 April 1999	DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
	Harry Reid International Airport Automated People Movers	Green Line	1985	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
		Blue Line	1998
		Red Line	2012
	Memphis Suspension Railway		1982
	Miami International Airport People Movers	MIA e Train	1980	MiniMetro	[lower-alpha 9]
		Skytrain	15 September 2010	Mitsubishi Crystal Mover
		MIA Mover	9 September 2011
	Miami Metromover		17 April 1986	Bombardier CITYFLO 550
	Minneapolis–St. Paul Airport Trams	Hub Tram	3 April 2001	Otis Hovair
		'C' Concourse People Mover	5 May 2004
	Morgantown Personal Rapid Transit		1975	proprietary (1975-2014), SelTrac (2014-present)
	Orlando International Airport People Movers	Airside systems	1981	Mitsubishi Crystal Mover
		Intermodal Terminal system	2017
	PHX Sky Train		8 April 2013	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
	Pittsburgh International Airport People Mover		1 October 1992	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
	Satellite Transit System		1973	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
	SMF Automated People Mover		6 October 2011	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
	Tampa International Airport People Movers	Airside systems	1971	Bombardier CITYFLO 550
		Monorail	1991
		SkyConnect	2018	Mitsubishi Crystal Mover
	Navajo Mine Railroad			GE E60 electric locomotives	[lower-alpha 10]
Venezuela	Cabletren Bolivariano		14 August 2013	DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car

GoA4 – Asia

A Magenta Line Train waiting at a station in Delhi

Country/region	Name of system	Line	Date	System	Notes
China (Mainland)	Beijing Capital International Airport Terminal 3 People Mover		March 2008	Bombardier CITYFLO 550
	Beijing Subway	Line 11	31 December 2021
		Line 17
		Line 19
		Yanfang line	30 December 2017	BTCT	[18]
		Daxing Airport Express	26 September 2019		[19]
	Chengdu Metro	Line 9	18 December 2020	Alstom Urbalis 400	[20]
	Chongqing Rail Transit	Bishan rubber-tyred tram	16 April 2021	BYD SkyShuttle[broken anchor]
	Fuzhou Metro	Line 4	27 August 2023
	Jinan Metro	Line 2	26 March 2021		[21]
	Guangzhou Metro	APM Line	8 November 2010	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
	Nanjing Metro	Line 7	28 December 2022	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC	[22][23]
	Nanning Metro	Line 5	16 December 2021		[24]
	Ningbo Rail Transit	Line 5	28 December 2021		[25]
	Qingdao Metro	Line 6	26 April 2024		[26]
	Shanghai Metro	Line 10	10 April 2010	Alstom/CASCO Urbalis 888[27]	Initially operated in GoA2 and GoA3, transitioned to GoA4 in 2020[28]
		Line 14	30 December 2021	Thales, Shanghai Electric TSTCBTC2.0	[lower-alpha 11][29][4]
		Line 15	23 January 2021	Alstom Urbalis 400	[30]
		Line 18	26 December 2020
		Pujiang line	31 March 2018	Fitsco JeRail	[31]
	Shaoxing Metro	Line 2	26 July 2023
	Shenzhen Metro	Line 6 Branch	28 November 2022
		Line 12
		Line 14	28 October 2022	BTCT	[32]
		Line 16	28 December 2022	CASCO Urbalis 888	[33]
		Line 20	28 December 2021	CASCO TRANAVI Qiji	[34]
	Suzhou Rail Transit	Line 5	29 June 2021	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC	[35]
		Line 6	29 June 2024
		Line 8	10 September 2024
		Line 11	24 June 2023	CASCO Urbalis 888	[33]
	Taiyuan Metro	Line 2	26 December 2020
	Tianjin Metro	Line 8	28 December 2021		[36]
		Line 10	18 November 2022
		Line 11	28 December 2023
	Wuhan Metro	Line 5	26 December 2021		[37]
		Line 19	30 December 2023
	Wuhu Rail Transit	Line 1	3 November 2021
		Line 2	28 December 2021
	Xi'an Metro	Line 16	27 June 2023	CASCO Urbalis 888	[38]
	Xi'an Qujiang Sightseeing Monorail		16 January 2015 (closed March 2015) 1 May 2023 (re-opening)
	Zhengzhou Metro	Line 10	28 September 2023
		Line 12	20 December 2023		[39]
		Zhengxu line	28 December 2023
Hong Kong	Hong Kong International Airport Automated People Mover		6 July 1998	SelTrac
	MTR	Disneyland Resort line	1 August 2005	SelTrac	Most trains have an attendant on board
		South Island line (East)	28 December 2016	Alstom Urbalis 400	All trains have an attendant on board[40]
India	Delhi Metro	Pink Line	14 March 2018	Bombardier CITYFLO 650	58.59 km (36.41 mi). Initially with an attendant on board[41]
		Magenta Line	25 December 2017	Nippon Signal SPARCS	Initially with an attendant on board
		Grey Line	4 October 2019	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
	Mumbai Metro	Line 2	2 April 2022
		Line 7
	Navi Mumbai Metro	Line 1	21 December 2023	Ansaldo STS CBTC
Indonesia	Jabodebek LRT	LRT Line 1	28 August 2023	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC	[lower-alpha 12][42][43]
		LRT Line 2
		LRT Line 3
Japan	Kanazawa Seaside Line		5 July 1989
	Kobe New Transit	Port Island Line	5 February 1981		World's first GoA4 line
		Rokkō Island Line	21 February 1990
	Linimo		6 March 2005		World's first unmanned maglev
	Osaka Metro	Nanko Port Town Line	20 October 1991		Previously used GoA2 from 1981 to 1991
	Skyrail Midorizaka Line		28 August 1998		People Mover monorail
	Tokyo Metropolitan Bureau of Transportation	Nippori-Toneri Liner	30 March 2008
	Wing Shuttle		4 September 1994
	Yurikamome		1 November 1995	Mitsubishi Crystal Mover
Macau	Macau Light Rapid Transit	Taipa Line	10 December 2019		[44]
Malaysia	KLIA Aerotrain		1998	Bombardier CITYFLO 550
	Rapid KL	Kelana Jaya Line	1 September 1998	SelTrac[14]	The first GoA4 in Malaysia, at 46.4 km (28.8 mi)
		Kajang Line	16 December 2016	Bombardier CITYFLO 650	The second GoA4, at 47 km (29 mi)
		Ampang Line	2017	SelTrac	[lower-alpha 13]
		Sri Petaling Line
		Putrajaya Line	16 June 2022	Bombardier CITYFLO 650	The fifth GoA4 and the longest in Malaysia, at 57.7 km (35.9 mi)
	Melaka Monorail		4 December 2017
Pakistan	Lahore Metro	Orange Line	25 October 2020	CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive	The first driverless metro in Pakistan.
Qatar	Doha Metro	Red Line	8 May 2019	SelTrac
		Green Line	10 December 2019
		Gold Line	21 November 2019
	Hamad International Airport Shuttle		2014	DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Saudi Arabia	Princess Nora bint Abdul Rahman University Automated People Mover		2012	AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG	[11]
Singapore	Changi Airport Skytrain		1990	Kyosan APM	[lower-alpha 14]
	Light Rail Transit (Singapore)	Bukit Panjang LRT line	6 November 1999	Bombardier CITYFLO 550
		Sengkang LRT line	18 January 2003	Kyosan APM
		Punggol LRT line	29 January 2005
	Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)	North East MRT line	20 June 2003	Alstom Urbalis 300	[lower-alpha 15][lower-alpha 16]
		Circle MRT line	28 May 2009
		Downtown MRT line	22 December 2013	Siemens Trainguard Sirius CBTC
		North–South MRT line	2017[46]	Thales SelTrac Convergence CBTC[47]
		East–West MRT line	18 June 2017 (Tuas West extension) 28 May 2018 (whole line)[46]
		Thomson–East Coast MRT line	31 January 2020[48]	Alstom Urbalis 400
South Korea	Busan-Gimhae Light Rail Transit		9 September 2011	SelTrac
	Busan Metro	Line 4	30 March 2011
	Daegu Metro	Line 3	23 April 2015
	Incheon Airport Maglev		3 February 2016
	Incheon Airport Shuttle train		20 June 2008
	Incheon Subway	Line 2	30 July 2016	SelTrac
	Seoul Light Rapid Transit	U Line	1 July 2012	VAL system
		Everline	26 April 2013	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
		Ui LRT	2 September 2017
		Gimpo Goldline	28 September 2019	Nippon Signal SPARCS
		Sillim Line	28 May 2022
	Seoul Metropolitan Subway	Shinbundang Line	28 October 2011	SelTrac
	Wolmi Sea Train		8 October 2019	Urbanaut
Taiwan	Taichung Metro	Green Line	25 April 2021	Alstom Urbalis 400
	Taipei Metro	Wenhu line	28 March 1996	Bombardier CITYFLO 650	[lower-alpha 17][lower-alpha 18]
	New Taipei Metro	Circular line	31 January 2020	AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC	Currently operated with attendant on-board[11]
	Taoyuan International Airport Skytrain		18 January 2003
Thailand	BTS Skytrain	Gold Line	16 December 2020	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
	MRT (Bangkok)	Yellow Line	3 June 2023
		Pink Line	21 November 2023	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
Turkey	Istanbul Metro	Line M5	15 September 2017	Bombardier CITYFLO 650	[lower-alpha 19][49]
		Line M8	6 January 2023	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
United Arab Emirates	Dubai International Airport Automated People Mover	Terminal 1 APM	2016
		Terminal 3 APM	January 2013
	Dubai Metro	Red Line	9 September 2009	SelTrac	[lower-alpha 20]
		Green Line	9 September 2011
	Palm Jumeirah Monorail		30 April 2009

GoA4 – Europe

The Lille Metro is operated using fully automated rubber-tyred VAL vehicles

Country/region	Name of system	Line	Date	System	Notes
Denmark	Copenhagen Metro	Line M1	19 October 2002	AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG	[11]
		Line M2
		Line M3	29 September 2019	AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC
		Line M4	28 March 2020
France	CDGVAL	Line 1	3 April 2007	VAL system
		Line 2	27 June 2007
	Lille Metro	Line A	25 April 1983	VAL system	First line to use the VAL system
		Line B	1 April 1989
	Lyon Metro	Line B	25 June 2022	Alstom Urbalis 400	[lower-alpha 21][lower-alpha 22]
		Line D	11 December 1992
	Orlyval		2 October 1991	VAL system
	Paris Metro	Line 1	3 November 2011	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC	[lower-alpha 21]
		Line 4	12 September 2022		[lower-alpha 21]
		Line 14	15 October 1998
	Rennes Metro	Line A	15 March 2002	VAL system
		Line B	20 September 2022
	Toulouse Metro	Line A	26 June 1993	VAL system
		Line B	30 June 2007
Germany	Dortmund H-Bahn		2 May 1984	SIPEM
	Düsseldorf Airport SkyTrain		1 July 2002	SIPEM
	Munich Airport Satellite Terminal Shuttle Train		2016	Bombardier CITYFLO 650	[50]
	Nuremberg U-Bahn	Line U2	2 January 2010		[lower-alpha 21]
		Line U3	14 June 2008
	SkyLine		1994	VAL system
Hungary	Budapest Metro	Line 4	28 March 2014	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC	[51]
Italy	Brescia Metro		2 March 2013	AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG	[11]
	Marconi Express		18 November 2020	Intamin People Mover P30	[52]
	Milan Metro	Line 4	26 November 2022	AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC	[11]
		Line 5	10 February 2013	AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG
	Pisa Mover		2017	MiniMetro
	Rome Metro	Line C	9 November 2014	AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS DTG	[11]
	SkyBridge		1999
	Turin Metro	Line M1	4 February 2006	VAL system	[lower-alpha 23]
	Venice People Mover		19 April 2010	DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Russia	Automated Passenger Transportation System		June 2018	DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
Spain	Barcelona Metro	Line 9	13 December 2009	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC	47.8 km (29.7 mi)
		Line 10	10 April 2010
	Madrid Barajas Airport People Mover		December 2005	Bombardier CITYFLO 550
Switzerland	Lausanne Metro	Line M2	27 October 2008	Alstom Urbalis 300
	Skymetro		September 2003	Otis Hovair
Turkey	Istanbul Metro	Line M7	28 October 2020	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
		Line M11	22 January 2023	Aselsan	Initially operated in GoA3, transitioned to GoA4 on 3 January 2024[53][54]
United Kingdom	AirRail Link		7 March 2003	DCC Doppelmayr Cable Car
	Gatwick Airport Shuttle Transit		1987	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
	Heathrow Terminal 5 Transit		2008	Bombardier CITYFLO 650
	Stansted Airport Transit System		1991	Bombardier CITYFLO 550

GoA4 – Oceania

Sydney Metro Alstom Metropolis

Country/region	Name of system	Line	Date	System	Notes
Australia	Pilbara railways	Rio Tinto iron ore trains from Roy Hill	28 December 2018	Hitachi AutoHaul	[lower-alpha 24]
	Sydney Metro	North West & Bankstown Line	26 May 2019	Alstom Urbalis 400	[lower-alpha 25]

Future systems

Americas

Country/region	Name of system	Line	Date	System	Notes
Brazil	Manaus Monorail			SelTrac
	São Paulo Metro	Line 6	November 2025	Nippon Signal SPARCS	[lower-alpha 26][58]
		Line 17	June 2026	SelTrac	[59][60]
Canada	Toronto Subway	Ontario Line	2031	Hitachi Rail
Chile	Santiago Metro	Line 7	2027	SelTrac
		Line 8
		Line 9
Peru	Lima Metro	Line 4	2025	AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC	[11]

Asia

Country/region	Name of system	Line	Date	System	Notes
China (Mainland)	Beijing Subway	Line 3	2024		[61]
		Line 12
		Line 22	2025
		Line 28	2029
	Guangzhou Metro	Line 10	2024-2025	CARS MTC-1	[62]
		Line 11
		Line 12			[62]
	Shanghai Metro	Line 19	2027
		Line 20	2028
		Line 21	2026
		Line 23	2027
	Shenzhen Metro	Line 13	2024		[63][64][65]
	Suzhou Rail Transit	Line 7	December 2024
	Tianjin Metro	Line 7	2024
		Line B1	2025
		Line Z2
		Line Z4
	Wuhan Metro	Line 12	2025
India	Mumbai Metro	Line 3	October 2024
		Line 4	2025
		Line 5
		Line 6
		Line 8
		Line 9
		Line 10	2028
		Line 11
		Line 12
		Line 13
		Line 14	2026
	Namma Metro	Yellow Line	November 2024
		Pink Line	March 2025
Japan	JR East	Yamanote Line	2028
Malaysia	Rapid KL	Shah Alam Line	August 2025	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Malaysia / Singapore	RTS Link		2026
Singapore	Mass Rapid Transit (Singapore)	Jurong Region Line	2027-2029	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC	[66]
		Cross Island Line	2030-2032		[67]
South Korea	Busan Metro	Line 5	2026
	Seoul Light Rapid Transit	Dongbuk Line	2025
Taiwan	New Taipei Metro	Sanying line	2025	AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC	[11]
	Taoyuan Metro	Green Line	2026	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
Thailand	MRT (Bangkok)	Orange Line	2025
Turkey	Istanbul Metro	Line M12	2025	Bombardier CITYFLO 650	[lower-alpha 27]
		Line M13	2028	Bombardier CITYFLO 650	[lower-alpha 27]
		Line M14	2025	Bombardier CITYFLO 650	[lower-alpha 27]
	İzmir Metro	Üçyol-Çamlıkule Line	2026

Europe

Country/region	Name of system	Line	Date	System	Notes
Czech Republic	Prague Metro	Line C	2028-2030		[lower-alpha 28]
		Line D	2031
France	Lyon Metro	Line A	2035		[lower-alpha 29]
	Marseille Metro	Line 1	2027	Alstom Urbalis 400	[lower-alpha 30]
		Line 2	2026
	Paris Métro	Line 13	2027–2035		[lower-alpha 31]
		Line 15	2025	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC
		Line 16	2026
		Line 17
		Line 18		Alstom Urbalis Fluence
	Toulouse Metro	Line C	2028	Alstom Urbalis 400
Greece	Athens Metro	Line 4	2028	Alstom Urbalis 400
	Thessaloniki Metro	Line 1	November 2024	AnsaldoBreda Driverless Metro / Ansaldo STS CBTC
		Line 2	2025
Ireland	MetroLink (Dublin)		2035
Spain	Madrid Metro	Line 6	2026-2029		[lower-alpha 32]
		Line 8
Sweden	Stockholm metro	Yellow Line	2034		[56][57]
Switzerland	Appenzeller Bahnen	RhW	2027	Stadler NOVA Pro
United Kingdom	Glasgow Subway		2025	Hitachi Rail STS CBTC	[lower-alpha 33][68]

Oceania

Country/region	Name of system	Line	Date	System	Notes
Australia	Sydney Metro	Sydney Metro West	2030	Alstom Urbalis 400
		Western Sydney Airport line	2026	Siemens Trainguard MT CBTC[69]
	Suburban Rail Loop (Melbourne)	Suburban Rail Loop East	2035

Notes

1. With train captains monitoring in cab
2. With train captains monitoring in cab
3. UTO system jointly developed by Thales Group and Shanghai Electric.^[3]
4. Previously operated in manual mode
5. A supervisor is monitoring the train in the cab
6. To be converted to GoA4
7. With train captains monitoring in cab.
8. Rebuilt in 1981
9. Rebuilt in 2016
10. This railroad is GoA2 capable, able to run a train without any person on board for the entire trip out to the Four Corners Generating Station and back to the mines.^{[citation needed]}
11. UTO system jointly developed by Thales Group and Shanghai Electric.^[3]
12. With train attendants to drive trains in the event of a disruption.
13. With train attendants to drive trains in the event of a disruption.
14. Original system opened in 1990; upgraded to current system in 2006.
15. The largest fully automated rapid transit network in the world with 202.4 km (125.8 mi) of automated rail lines.^[45] Trains may have an attendant on board. Only North–South line and East–West line has driving cabins.
16. North–South and East–West lines were converted from a lower GoA to a higher GoA
17. Previously used VAL
18. System started with an attendant on board each train full-time. Gradually over time, the presence of attendants decreased. By September 2017, trains have attendants only while in long tunnel sections.
19. On the Asian side of Istanbul
20. Red Line at 52.1 km (32.4 mi). The longest driverless network in the Middle East.
21. Converted from manual to automated operation
22. Rubber-tyred trains controlled by a system known as MAGGALY (Métro Automatique à Grand Gabarit de l'Agglomération Lyonnaise).
23. First fully automatic metro in Italy. First section opened for the 2006 Winter Olympics, completed in 2014.
24. The Rio Tinto Group "AutoHaul" system on its iron ore railways in the Pilbara.^[55] This system is GoA 4 capable, able to run trains without a single person aboard for the entire trip out to the mines and back to the port. In October 2017 the first fully autonomous test took place over a 100 kilometres (62 mi) section.^[56] The group was granted accreditation by Australia's Office of the National Rail Safety Regulator, approving the autonomous operation of iron ore trains in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.^[57]
25. First completely driverless metro line in Australia.
26. GoA4
27. UTO Fully driverless system.
28. Upgrade from GoA2 to GoA4
29. Upgrade from GoA2 to GoA4
30. Upgrade from GoA2 to GoA4
31. Upgrade from GoA2 to GoA4
32. Conversion from manual to driverless operation
33. Upgrade from GoA2 to GoA4 as part of Subway Modernisation.

References

1. "Thales Awarded Signalling Contract for News Salvador Metro". Thales Group. 24 March 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
2. Jackson, Chris (20 February 2009). "Automating Brazil's busiest metro lines". Railway Gazette International. Retrieved 26 June 2024.
3. Briginshaw, David. "Shanghai awards contract for first automated metro line". Retrieved 21 May 2018.
4. "上海5号线TSTCBTC®2.0信号系统成功通过载客运营考核评审 – TST". www.thalessec.com.cn. Retrieved 2 March 2021.
5. "卡斯柯100%全自主信号护航 上海轨道交通17号线开通载客运营". www.casco.com.cn. Retrieved 10 September 2019.
6. "武汉地铁进入全自动驾驶时代 5号线有望"尝鲜"" [Wuhan Metro enters the fully driverless era: Line 5 could have "early preview"]. Chutian Metropolis Daily. 16 May 2018. Archived from the original on 13 October 2019. Retrieved 19 February 2019 – via China News Service.
7. "Relatório de Empreendimentos – Julho/2022". Metrô. 2022. Retrieved 20 September 2022.
8. "ViaQuatro ganha Prêmio UITP Latino" (in Portuguese).
9. "Evergreen Extension opening today". 2 December 2016.
10. "Santiago de Chile brings a new reality to urban mobility with Thales signalling systems | Thales Group". www.thalesgroup.com. 6 November 2017. Retrieved 27 October 2024.
11. Betis, Alexander; Torre, Marino; Ghiorzo, Alessandro; Del Gaudio, Giovanni (6 April 2017). "La Linea M4 di Milano: Approfondiamo Gli Aspetti Tecnici – L'evoluzione del sistema di automazione dalla M5 alla M4, evoluzione e non rivoluzione" [The M4 line of Milan: we examine the technical aspects - the evolution of the automation system from M5 to M4, evolution and non-revolution] (PDF). CIFI (in Italian). Collegio Ingegneri Ferroviari Italiani. p. 18. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
12. "Crystal Mover Services, Inc. | Washington Dulles International Airport". Crystal Mover Services, Inc. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
13. "USA | Thales Group". www.thalesgroup.com. 16 December 2015. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
14. "The Evolution of CBTC" (PDF). 1 December 2016. Retrieved 27 June 2024.
15. "Crystal Mover Services, Inc. | Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport". Crystal Mover Services, Inc. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
16. "KYOSAN HISTORY｜History of Kyosan｜Company Information ｜ Kyosan Electric Mfg. Co., Ltd". www.kyosan.co.jp. Retrieved 18 January 2024.
17. "'Skyline' Opens in Honolulu". 30 June 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
18. "Beijing welcome significant expansion of their urban rail network". Intelligent Transport. Retrieved 29 December 2018.
19. "建设运营 北京地铁大兴机场线下月底开通". 30 August 2019. Archived from the original on 17 December 2019. Retrieved 15 October 2022.
20. Ltd, DVV Media International. "Chengdu driverless metro contracts awarded". Metro Report. Archived from the original on 4 July 2018. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
21. 新浪新闻综合 (19 March 2021). "明日暂不通车！济南地铁2号线预计3月下旬开始初期运营". news.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
22. "西门子交通扩大在华城轨全自动运行信号系统市场_ · 西门子". www.sohu.com. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
23. "新闻稿 | 新闻 | 西门子中国". w1.siemens.com.cn. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
24. "南宁地铁5号线开通！华南地区首条全自动运行地铁". gx.people.com.cn. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
25. "宁波轨道交通5号线一期12月28日10点开通运营". www.bl.gov.cn. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
26. "青岛地铁6号线列车自主运行系统（TACS）完成首列样车试验线测试". 上海国际轨道交通展览会 (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 22 January 2021. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
27. "Urbalis 888国产化列车运行控制系统解决方案". 8 March 2019. Archived from the original on 8 March 2019. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
28. "上海地铁10号线列车驾驶室接连拆除，发生了什么？". sh.people.com.cn. Retrieved 6 June 2021.
29. "上海地铁14、15、18号线将全部采用无人驾驶" [Shanghai Metro Lines 14, 15 and 18 will all be unmanned]. Kanxsw.com. 10 October 2018. Retrieved 3 November 2018.
30. "上海轨道交通14、15、18号线将全部实现无人驾驶". 上海国际轨道交通展览会 (in Simplified Chinese). Archived from the original on 27 October 2020. Retrieved 21 April 2020.
31. "上海首条全自动运行线路——浦江线开通试运营 - 上海富欣智能交通控制有限公司". www.fitsco.com.cn. Retrieved 23 April 2024.
32. "地铁14号线将采用无人驾驶 项目预计2022年竣工_龙岗新闻网". ilonggang.sznews.com. Retrieved 13 August 2018.
33. "Winning three bids in a row! CASCO continues to be the front-runner of the industry". CASCO Signal Ltd. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
34. "Shenzhen Metro Line 20 Starts Its "Driverless" Operation Today under the Navigation of CASCO Qiji". www.casco.com.cn. Retrieved 21 April 2024.
35. "Siemens Mobility to install CBTC system on two Chinese metro lines". Railway Pro. 5 November 2018. Retrieved 23 August 2020.
36. 中国新闻网 (28 December 2021). "天津地铁首条全自动运行线路开通 智慧车站示范站亮相津门". finance.sina.com.cn. Retrieved 29 December 2021.
37. ""武汉造"全自动无人驾驶地铁列车来啦！不设驾驶室，还有这些"高精尖"_首页武汉_新闻中心_长江网_cjn.cn". news.cjn.cn. Retrieved 30 December 2021.
38. "卡斯柯中标西安地铁16号线一期！为西北首条GoA4级全自动无人驾驶线路". CASCO. Retrieved 10 July 2023.
39. "郑州地铁12号线最新消息来了！可实现无人驾驶_经开区". www.sohu.com. Retrieved 20 March 2021.
40. "南港島線無人駕駛列車 職員長駐隨時應急". 東方日報 Oriental Daily. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
41. Rajput, Abhinav (28 April 2016). "South Delhi-Noida direct Metro connectivity by August". HT Media Limited. Hindustan Times. Retrieved 10 May 2016.
42. Afriyadi, Achmad Dwi (27 July 2019). "Pakai Teknologi Jerman, LRT Jabodebek Bisa Jalan Tanpa Masinis". detikfinance. detikcom. detikcom. Retrieved 6 November 2019.
43. "Uji Coba Sistem Persinyalan LRT Jabodebek Berjalan Mulus | PT Len Industri (Persero)". PT LEN Industri. PT LEN Industri. 4 November 2020. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
44. "Taipa line of the Macau light railway starts operating". Macauhub. 10 December 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
45. Briginshaw, David (20 July 2016). "Automated metros set to reach 2200km by 2025". International Railway Journal. Retrieved 9 February 2018.
46. "All MRT lines now on new signalling system". The Straits Times. 29 May 2018. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
47. TODAY Online (13 April 2017). "doors open and close automatically under the new system-Gov.sg". gov.sg. Retrieved 9 February 2018.^{[permanent dead link]}
48. "First three stations of Thomson-East Coast Line to begin service on Jan 31; free travel for commuters for three days". The Straits Times. 11 December 2019. Retrieved 31 December 2019.
49. UK, DVV Media. "Erdoğan opens first driverless metro line in Istanbul". Metro Report. Archived from the original on 23 November 2018. Retrieved 23 December 2017.
50. "Munich Airport streaks ahead of Berlin with driverless trains". www.thelocal.de. 22 February 2016. Retrieved 11 October 2019.
51. Railway Gazette International May 2014, pg 15.
52. "Marconi Express 2020 in Operation". Intamin Transportation. 8 February 2021. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
53. "İstanbul Airport metro opens". Rail Turkey. 18 January 2023. Retrieved 9 July 2023.
54. Özen, Ege Buğra (3 January 2024). "İstanbul Havalimanı'na yerli metro" [Local metro to Istanbul Airport]. AirTurkHaber (in Turkish). Retrieved 30 September 2024.
55. "Rio Tinto has confirmed that it is on track to completely transition to driverless trains across its entire Pilbara operation by the end of 2018". iseekplant.com.au. 20 July 2017. Retrieved 1 September 2017.
56. "Rio Tinto operates first fully-autonomous test train". Railway Gazette. 2 October 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
57. Ltd, DVV Media International. "Rio Tinto's automated trains approved". Railway Gazette. Retrieved 23 May 2018.
58. "Grupo brasileiro assume 15% na concessão da Linha 6 do Metrô e governo de SP admite novo atraso nas obras". G1 (in Brazilian Portuguese). 19 January 2018. Retrieved 4 July 2019.
59. Fernando Galfo (11 February 2019). "Monotrilho da Linha 17 Ouro somente em 2021". Ferroviando (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 6 July 2019.
60. "DefesaNet – Tecnologia – THALES – Fornecerá Tecnologia sem Condutor à Linha 17-Ouro do Metrô de SP". www.defesanet.com.br. Retrieved 6 July 2019.
61. "北京6条地铁线将实现无人驾驶 首先将用于燕房线" [6 Beijing Subway lines to achieve driverless operation, beginning with the Yanfang Line]. People's Daily (in Chinese). 18 November 2015. Archived from the original on 19 November 2015. Retrieved 11 April 2019.
62. sina_mobile (9 April 2020). "三条地铁新线将全自动运行". tech.sina.cn. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
63. "深圳地铁四期采用"无人驾驶"5、9号线二期将在年内投入运营_深圳新闻网". www.sznews.com. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
64. "深圳地铁四期工程将全面推广无人驾驶_深圳新闻网". www.sznews.com. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
65. sina_mobile (11 May 2019). "深圳地铁迎来"无人驾驶"时代 将配"全自动运行系统"". shenzhen.sina.cn. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
66. "Jurong Region Line to serve NTU, Tengah estate, Jurong Industrial Estate". CNA. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
67. "First phase of Cross Island Line to open by 2029 with 12 stations". CNA. Archived from the original on 5 March 2020. Retrieved 3 July 2019.
68. Allardyce, Jason (29 May 2022). "Glasgow's 'Clockwork orange' to face a driverless future". The Times. Archived from the original on 29 May 2022. Retrieved 22 April 2024.
69. "Transform mobility in Western Sydney". Siemens Mobility Global. Retrieved 3 June 2024.