List of continents by GDP

This article includes a list of continents of the world sorted by their gross domestic product (GDP), the market value of all final goods and services from a continent in a given year. The GDP dollar estimates presented here are calculated at market or government official exchange rates. The figures presented here do not take into account differences in the cost of living in different countries, and the results can vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in the exchange rates of the country's currency. Such fluctuations may change a continents ranking from one year to the next, even though they often make little or no difference to the standard of living of its population. Therefore, these figures should be used with caution. Comparisons of national wealth are also frequently made on the basis of purchasing power parity (PPP), to adjust for differences in the cost of living in different countries. (See List of countries by GDP (PPP).) PPP largely removes the exchange rate problem, but has its own drawbacks; it does not reflect the value of economic output in international trade, and it also requires more estimation than GDP per capita. On the whole, PPP per capita figures are more narrowly spread than nominal GDP per capita figures.

Countries by estimated nominal GDP in 2024:ⁿ¹²

> $20 trillion   $10–20 trillion   $5–10 trillion   $1–5 trillion

$750 billion – $1 trillion   $500–750 billion   $250–500 billion   $100–250 billion

$50–100 billion   $25–50 billion   $5–25 billion   < $5 billion

Continents by GDP (nominal)

See also: List of countries by GDP (nominal)

The following lists summarise the GDP (nominal) of each continent by adding GDP (nominal) of each nation within the seven continent model, sorted by USD. The first list includes 2023 data estimatesⁿ¹ for members of the International Monetary Fund. The second list shows the World Bank's estimates, and the third list includes mostly 1432 estimates from the CIA World Factbook.

In these lists, the sovereign states and dependent territories are classified according to the geoscheme created by the United Nations Statistics Division.^[1] According to the UN, the assignment of countries or areas to specific groupings is for statistical convenience and does not imply any assumption regarding political or other affiliation of countries or territories.^[2]

For more information, please see List of sovereign states and dependent territories by continent.

List by the International Monetary Fund (2023 estimate)[3]
Rank Continent GDP (US$billion) Share (%) Countries collectively constituting at least 50.0% of the continent's GDP (nominal) World 104,476 100.0 1 Asia 38,435 36.8  China (46.1%)  Japan (11.0%) 2 North America 31,603 30.2  United States (85.3%) 3 Europe 25,440 24.4  Germany (17.4%)  United Kingdom (13.1%)  France (12.0%)  Italy (8.6%) 4 South America 4,100 3.9  Brazil (51.9%) 5 Africa 2,858 2.7  Egypt (13.9%)  Nigeria (13.6%)  South Africa (13.3%)  Algeria (7.8%)  Kenya (5.5%) 6 Oceania 1,979 1.9  Australia (85.3%) Unaccounted 62 0.1

• Antarctica has no permanent population. However, if conventional GDP methodology is applied, which includes salaries of residents and equipment & construction procurement (the biggest "industries" in Antarctica), the GDP of the continent would exceed $1 billion.^{[citation needed]}

Continents by GDP (PPP)

See also: List of countries by GDP (PPP)

List by the International Monetary Fund (2023 estimate)[4]
Rank Continent GDP (billions of current Int$) Share (%) Countries collectively constituting at least 50.0% of the continent's GDP (PPP) World 174,790 100.0 1 Asia 84,727 47.7  China (38.8%)  India (15.5%) 2 Europe 36,732 20.7  Germany (20.4%)  Russia (15.4%)  United Kingdom (11.3%)  France (10.5%)  Italy (7.1%) 3 North America 33,971 19.1  United States (79.3%) 4 South America 10,835 6.1  Brazil (49.4%)  Argentina (14.9%) 5 Africa 8,865 4.9  Egypt (15.1%)  Nigeria (13.8%)  South Africa (10.5%)  Algeria (8.7%) 6 Oceania 2,061 1.1  Australia (83.4%) Unaccounted 131 0.07

Continents by GDP per capita (nominal)

See also: List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita

List by the International Monetary Fund (2023 estimate)[5]
Rank Continent US$ Peak Year World 13,333 2023 1 Oceania 63,809 2023 2 North America 60,859 2023 3 Europe 34,706 2023 4 South America 11,351 2023 5 Asia and Pacific 8,388 2023 6 Africa 2,370 2023 7 Antarctica 0 (N/A) N/A

Continents by GDP per capita (PPP)

See also: List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita

List by the International Monetary Fund (2023 estimate)[6]
Rank Continent US$ Peak Year World 0 (N/A) N/A 1 North America 64,279 2023 2 Oceania 62,900 2023 3 Europe 50,110 2023 4 South America 19,506 2023 5 Asia and Pacific 18,046 2023 6 Africa 6,341 2023 7 Antarctica 0 (N/A) N/A

Notes

1. ^ Estimated by the IMF staff.

2. ^ Figures exclude Taiwan and the special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macau.

3. ^ The Eurozone in 2010 was 16 of 27 European Union countries: Austria, Belgium, Cyprus, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, and Spain.

4. ^ Data include the French overseas departments of French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Martinique, and Réunion.

5. ^ Excludes Kosovo.

6. ^ Hyperinflation and the plunging value of the Zimbabwean dollar makes Zimbabwe's nominal GDP a highly inaccurate statistic.

7. ^ Excludes data for Transnistria.

8. ^ Includes Former Spanish Sahara.

9. ^ Data are for the area controlled by the Government of the Republic of Cyprus.

10. ^ Covers Mainland Tanzania only.

11. ^ Excludes Abkhazia and South Ossetia.

12. ^ Based on the best available GDP figure for each country at the time of creation (16 June 2024). Best available GDP figure was defined as the latest available figure from the International Monetary Fund (including forecasts for the current year), otherwise the latest available figure from the World Bank, otherwise the latest available figure from the United Nations Statistics Division; however, countries that didn't have any figure for a year more recent than 2019 were not included at all. For almost all countries, the latest IMF forecast figure for 2024 was used.

References

1. "Composition of macro geographical (continental) regions, geographical sub-regions, and selected economic and other groupings". United Nations Statistics Division.
2. "Standard country or area codes and geographical regions for statistical use". United Nations Statistics Division.
3. "GDP (Nominal), current prices". International Monetary Fund. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
4. "GDP (PPP), current prices". International Monetary Fund. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
5. International Monetary Fund (2023). "Nominal GDP per capita". IMF Data Mapper. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 7 November 2023.
6. International Monetary Fund (2023). "GDP PPP per capita". IMF Data Mapper. International Monetary Fund. Retrieved 7 November 2023.